Cited by 1,428Team Dynamics and PerformanceInnovative Teaching and Learning MethodsSocial and Intergroup Psychology

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The emerging conceptualization of groups as information processors.

Hinsz, Verlin B., Tindale, R. Scott, Vollrath, David A.·1997·Psychological Bulletin

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Abstract

A selective review of research highlights the emerging view of groups as information processors. In this review, the authors include research on processing objectives, attention, encoding, storage, retrieval, processing, response, feedback, and learning in small interacting task groups. The groups as information processors perspective underscores several characteristic dimensions of variability in group performance of cognitive tasks, namely, commonality-uniqueness of information, convergence-diversity of ideas, accentuation-attenuation of cognitive processes, and belongingness-distinctiveness of members. A combination of contributions framework provides an additional conceptualization of information processing in groups. The authors also address implications, caveats, and questions for future research and theory regarding groups as information processors.

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“Recent developments in cognitive psychology have also led to a growing interest in social information processing as discussed in the review of groups as information processors by Hinsz, Tindale, and Vollrath (1997).”
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“Information elaboration is the core process that turns teams into information-processing units that are superior to the information processing of individuals (Hinsz et al., 1997).”
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“Teams actively interact with and process information about any changes in the task context (Hinsz et al., 1997), such as adaptive automation, which considers task complexity increments, allocation of tasks in the team, team capabilities, and system performance requirements to dynamically adjust automation (Goh et al.”
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“Group-level information processing can refer to the task, group members, or aspects of the group, and affects both individual- and group-level outcomes (Hinsz et al., 1997).”
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“…mental model consists of shared knowledge or information about a system and how that system works (Klimoski & Mohammed, 1994; Cannon-Bowers, Tannenbaum, Salas, & Volpe, 1995; Hinsz et al., 1997; Reimer knowledge of how the system (i.e. their particular sport) works (Ericsson & Lehmann, 1996).”
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“, personalising and storing information) (Hinsz et al., 1997; Tindale & Kameda, 2000; Tindale & Sheffey, 2002).”
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“Information processing leading to knowledge creation would be accomplished through the promotion of interactions and problem solving among individuals with unique knowledge sets coupled with the combining of disparate resources (Hinsz, Tindale, and Vollrath 1997; Tsoukas 1996).”
Background
Effects of correspondence between encoding and retrieval organization in social memory
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“Nevertheless, the intellectual gain of group interaction is moderated by coordination costs [79], overconfidence [53, 80, 81] and deference to high-status or particularly vocal group members [82].”
Background
Suspending Group Debate and Developing Concepts
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Authors: Hinsz, V. B., Tindale, R. S., & Vollrath, D. A.
Affiliations: North Dakota State University (US)
ORCID: Hinsz, Verlin B.
Tindale, R. Scott
Venue: Psychological Bulletin
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1997
Volume: 121
Issue: 1
Pages: 43-64
ISSN: 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
1939-1455
DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.121.1.43
OpenAlex: W2029057170
Cited by: 1,428
References: 219
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 60 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 109
FWCI: 37.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Team Dynamics and Performance
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords: group cognition, small group interaction, attention, encoding and retrieval, group learning, feedback
MeSH terms: Attention, Cognition, Group Processes, Humans, Mental Processes, Problem Solving, Mental Recall, Social Identification

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The emerging conceptualization of groups as information processors.

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