Work, recovery activities, and individual well-being: A diary study.
Open accessAbstract
This study extends previous research on respite from work and addresses the question of how individuals use their leisure time to recover from work. It is hypothesized that time spent on work-related and household activities has a negative effect on well-being, whereas low-effort, social, and physical activities are assumed to have a positive effect. One hundred Dutch teachers completed a diary on leisure time activities and situational well-being for 5 days, and work situation variables were assessed with a questionnaire. Multilevel analyses in which preleisure well-being and work situation variables were entered as control variables supported 4 of the 5 hypotheses. Moreover, a lagged effect of high time pressure on poor situational well-being was found. The study showed that leisure time activities and a low-stress work situation contribute independently to an individual's well-being.
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Physical activities in leisure time have a positive effect on work recovery, besides low-effort activities such as watching television, taking a bath, and social activities.
“Research has shown that besides low-effort activities such as watching television, taking a bath, and social activities, physical activities in leisure time have a positive effect on work recovery (Sonnentag 2001).”
From Energy Management of People in Organizations: A Review and Research Agenda (2011) · cites this paper as Sonnentag 2001
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“Studies taking a within-person perspective have demonstrated that engagement in sport and exercise—prototypical mastery activities—is related to improved positive affect (Sonnentag , 2001; Watson, 1988).”
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- Authors
- Sonnentag, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Konstanz (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Sonnentag, Sabine
- ORCID
- Sonnentag, Sabine
- Venue
- Journal of Occupational Health Psychology
- Published
- 2001
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 196-210
- ISSN
- 1076-8998 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1307
- OpenAlex
- W2095267132
- Cited by
- 731
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 41
- FWCI
- 9.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- nbn-resolving.de
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Journal of Occupational Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KOPS (University of Konstanz) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Workaholism, burnout, and well-being
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Keywords
- leisure-time activities, work recovery, teachers, time pressure, work situation, housework, work activities, social activity, physical activity, diary study
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Psychological, Faculty, Holistic Health, Humans, Leisure Activities, Netherlands, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Work, Occupational Health
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