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Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources
Open accessAbstract
B. L. Fredrickson's (1998, 2001) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions asserts that people's daily experiences of positive emotions compound over time to build a variety of consequential personal resources. The authors tested this build hypothesis in a field experiment with working adults (n = 139), half of whom were randomly-assigned to begin a practice of loving-kindness meditation. Results showed that this meditation practice produced increases over time in daily experiences of positive emotions, which, in turn, produced increases in a wide range of personal resources (e.g., increased mindfulness, purpose in life, social support, decreased illness symptoms). In turn, these increments in personal resources predicted increased life satisfaction and reduced depressive symptoms. Discussion centers on how positive emotions are the mechanism of change for the type of mind-training practice studied here and how loving-kindness meditation is an intervention strategy that produces positive emotions in a way that outpaces the hedonic treadmill effect.
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“as self-compassion has been associated with higher positive affect (Frederickson et al., 2008; Wren et al., 2012), cultivating a nonjudgmental stance contribute to self-compassion and acceptance, which then increase experiences of positive affect.”
From Mapping Mindfulness Facets Onto Dimensions of Anxiety and Depression (2013) · cites this paper as Frederickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For example, interventions designed to promote subjective well-being not only lead to lasting increase in positive emotions, but also promote other positive outcomes such as life satisfaction, purpose in life, and improved social functioning (Cohn, Fredrickson, Brown, Mikels, & Conway, 2009; Fredrickson, 2001; Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008).”
From Trajectories of change in well-being during cognitive behavioral therapies for anxiety disorders: Quantifying the impact and covariation with improvements in anxiety (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This supports the proposition that mindfulness may constitute a 'technology of the self' (Ng, 2016), by increasing participants' awareness of internalised oppression (Berila, 2016), loosening attachment to negative selfconstructs and engendering kindlier inner dialogues (Fredrickson et al., 2008;Dougan, 2011).”
From Critical Mindfulness in Social Work: Exploring the Potential of Reflexive Self-Care in the Journey from Student to Social Worker (2022) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“First evidence has revealed that practicing Metta is linked to increased resilience and enhanced emotional regulation skills [31–33].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Existing evidence also suggest that practicing Metta meditation can strongly increase personal resources with self-generated positive emotions being the central mechanism of change [31].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“LKM increases social connectedness and is linked with increased positive emotions and well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008;2017;Hutcherson et al., 2008).”
From RESILIENCE, COPING, AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ACROSS THE GLOBE – AN UPDATE: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? (2023) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“that positive affect positively predicts psychological well-being (Fredrickson 2001; Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“While I agree that some activities may be more positive than others in bringing about positive affective experiences and psychological well-being, such as mindfulness meditation (Lutz et al. 2008) and loving-kindness meditation (Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This model asserts that one function of positive affect may be to broaden attentional scope to help individuals be more open to novel stimuli and social supports, which in turn, broadens and builds psychological and social resources necessary for survival”
From Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“In a randomized controlled trial, loving-kindness meditation was associated with increased levels of positive emotion, which in turn predicted reduced depressive symptoms 96.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Interventions that successfully increase the experience of positive emotions have become available in western society 96, 97.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Depression is common in people with type 2 diabetes[21] and is associated with poorer glycemic control, increased symptoms and complications, poorer adherence to exercise and diet recommendations[22], and elevated risk of mortality, over and above the elevations in risk associated with diabetes itself[23].”
From An online positive affect skills intervention reduces depression in adults with type 2 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“PP exercises have led to increased optimism and outcome expectancy [124, 125], confidence and self-efficacy [126], and greater perceived social support and interpersonal connectedness (pathway A1) [127, 128].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“When effects upon LKM were examined alone in an intervention trial (Fredrickson et al., 2008), effects upon positive emotions were significant but small, and contrary to major assumptions of Buddhist psychology, there were no treatment benefits upon reduction of negative emotions.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This may suggest that CM and LKM techniques require integration with mindfulness practices, and future research in this area is clearly needed.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“For example, the modified LKM techniques employed in the study by Fredrickson and colleagues (2008) deviated from traditional LKM practices in ways they may have been somewhat inconsistent with the traditional practices (e.g., Buddharakkhita, 1995; Sujiva, 1991).”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The positive affect system also fosters approach-oriented behaviors, such as exploration and social initiation, that increase exposure to potentially rewarding outcomes,31 thereby facilitating the acquisition of social, physical, and intellectual resources9, 10, 32 that promote resilience during stress and overall well-being33.”
From Upregulating the positive affect system in anxiety and depression: Outcomes of a positive activity intervention: Taylor et al. (2017) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Heightened positive affect—generated by the positive valence (approach/appetitive) system—facilitates positive social connections (Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Waugh & Fredrickson, 2006; see Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015, for a review), above and beyond negative affective experiences (Strong & Aron, 2006), by guiding people toward (e.g., coordinating social initi”
From Enhancing social connectedness in anxiety and depression through amplification of positivity: Preliminary treatment outcomes and process of change (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
In the citing paper
“predicted subsequent increases in feelings of connectedness with others”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The role of positive emotions in facilitating social connections is well-documented (Fredrickson, 2013; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Gable & Berkman, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015; Strong & Aron, 2006).”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Six to seven weeks of meditation-based compassion training result in increases in positive mood and life satisfaction [21]”
From Short-term compassion training increases prosocial behavior in a newly developed prosocial game (2011) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Behavioral research has shown that short-term training of loving-kindness and compassion is associated with increases in daily positive affect (Kok et al., 2013), prosocial behavior (Leiberg et al., 2011;Weng et al., 2013), resilience (Fredrickson et al., 2008) and empathy (Mascaro et al., 2013).”
From Compassion-based emotion regulation up-regulates experienced positive affect and associated neural networks (2015) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“training compassion can foster emotional well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008)”
From Differential pattern of functional brain plasticity after compassion and empathy training (2014) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This modified DES has shown acceptable reliability with the positive emotions subscale, α = .79, and the negative emotions subscale with α = .69.”
From Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting Education: Promoting Family Mindfulness During the Perinatal Period (2010) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
In the citing paper
“Self-compassion has been considered a core quality of mindfulness [71] and is associated with lower stress and psychological symptoms in addition to greater well-being [72,73].”
From Efficacy of the Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App “Calm” to Reduce Stress Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as [73]
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“For example, lovingkindness meditation has been associated with an increase in positive emotions as well as increased empathy, compassion, prosocial behavior, altruism, and social connectedness (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
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The Art of Happiness: An Explorative Study of a Contemplative Program for Subjective Well-Being
Rastelli, C., Calabrese, L., Miller, C., Raffone, A., & Pisapia, N. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.600982 · Cited by 21
Viana, A. G., Palmer, C. A., Zvolensky, M. J., Alfano, C. A., Dixon, L. J., & Raines, E. M. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.03.012 · Cited by 21
Positive affect skills may improve pain management in people with HIV
Addington, E. L., Cheung, E. O., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2018) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105318769355 · Cited by 18
“better relationships and reduced mortality, respectively) in healthy and chronically ill samples (Chida and Steptoe, 2008; Folkman, 1997; Folkman and Moskowitz, 2000; Fredrickson, 1998; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Moskowitz et al., 2008; Pressman and Cohen, 2005; Tice et al., 2007; Wichers et al., 2007; Zautra et al., 2…”
BackgroundPositive Youth Development Sustainability Scale (PYDSS): The development of an assessment tool
Sieng, M., Cloutier, S. A., & Irimata, K. (2018) · Journal of Social Change · doi:10.5590/josc.2018.10.1.07 · Cited by 16
Belschner, L., Lin, S. Y., Yamin, D. F., Best, J. R., Edalati, K., McDermid, J., & Stewart, S. E. (2020) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101098 · Cited by 16
Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Revised Walsh family resilience questionnaire
Li, X., & Li, H. (2021) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-21-1152 · Cited by 16
“21037/apm-21-1152 enhance self-efficacy, self-control, persistence, immune function, cognitive ability, and neuroplasticity, as well as reduce pain, analgesic use, anxiety, depression, hostility, and stress (41-43).”
BackgroundGenel İyi Oluş Ölçeği Kısa Formu’nun Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması
Odacı, H., Kaya, F., & Kınık, Ö. (2021) · Buca eğitim fakültesi dergisi (Online)/Buca Eğitim Fakültesi dergisi · doi:10.53444/deubefd.841481 · Cited by 16
Jin, Y., Wang, Y., Ma, H., Tian, X., & Wang, H. (2022) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-022-06951-5 · Cited by 17
Mindfulness and Nondual Well-Being – What is the Evidence that We Can Stay Happy?
Jones, P. M. (2022) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1177/10892680221093013 · Cited by 24
“The practices can be divided into compassion which seeks to reduce the suffering of others, and loving-kindness which desires to increase the happiness of others (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundKim, M.-H., Shin, K., & Park, S. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11030298 · Cited by 21
“Positive emotions, according to Fredrickson, help reduce depression and increase life satisfaction by expanding the momentary thought-action repertoire [71].”
Ji, Y. G., & Tao, W. (2024) · Journal of Public Relations Research · doi:10.1080/1062726x.2024.2311147 · Cited by 16
“According to the broaden-and-build theory (BBT) (Fredrickson, 1998), positive emotions (e.g., gratitude, admiration, and elevation) broaden individuals’ thought-action repertoire (cf. Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundFalsafi, N., & Leopard, L. (2015) · Journal of Holistic Nursing · doi:10.1177/0898010115569351 · Cited by 16
Vers une définition du développement personnel
Jaotombo, F. F. (2009) · Humanisme et Entreprise · doi:10.3917/hume.294.0029 · Cited by 16
Mindfulness Practices Moderate the Association Between Intergroup Anxiety and Outgroup Attitudes
Price‐Blackshear, M. A., Kamble, S. V., Mudhol, V., Sheldon, K. M., & Bettencourt, B. A. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0689-y · Cited by 19
Teacher Change and Development during Training in Social and Emotional Learning Programs in Sweden
Sandell, R., Skoog, T., & Kimber, B. (2013) · OAR@UM (University of Malta) · Cited by 16
Zhu, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhou, Y., & Wu, J. (2019) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2019.00357 · Cited by 16
“…以中国 西南地区部分银行业员工为研究样本开发了包括 愿景、决心、交互、关系、解决问题、组织力、 自信、适应性与灵活性和前瞻性在内的 9 个维度、 共计 36 个条目的员工韧性量表。 (2)团队韧性(team resilience)。同属于心理路 径, 但团队韧性的着力点在于实现积极的团队产 出(Kaplan, LaPort, & Waller, 2013), 其实质是利 用团队成员的心理资源和社交资源, 基于共同应 对信念的一种动态社会心理过程, 表现为团队成 员的共同认知、共同动机或共同情感的集体心理状 态(Kennedy et al., 2016; Morgan et al.,…”
InfluentialA Gratitude Exercise for Couples
Parnell, K. J., Wood, N. D., & Scheel, M. (2019) · Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/15332691.2019.1687385 · Cited by 18
Deniz, M. E., & KURTULUŞ, H. Y. (2023) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941231156809 · Cited by 24
“Showing compassion toward oneself or others and receiving compassion from others increases one ’ s positive emotions, social support, and sense of purpose in life, thus paving the way for life satisfaction (Deniz et al., 2012; Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
Strength Based Resilience: Integrating Risk and Resources Towards Holistic Well-being
Rashid, T., Anjum, A., Chu, R., Stevanovski, S., Zanjani, A., & Lennox, C. (2014) · Cross-cultural advancements in positive psychology · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-8669-0_10 · Cited by 17
Optimism and pain: A positive move forward
Keefe, F. J., & Wren, A. A. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.10.005 · Cited by 16
Examining the Intensity and Frequency of Experience of Discrete Positive Emotions
Linley, P. A., Dovey, H., Beaumont, S., Wilkinson, J., & Hurling, R. (2015) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-015-9619-7 · Cited by 17
Applying the Buddhist Four Immeasurables to Mental Health Care: A Critical Review
Cheng, F. K., & Tse, S. S.-K. (2015) · Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work Social Thought · doi:10.1080/15426432.2014.921128 · Cited by 17
“A group of 139 employees in a particular business organization (Fredrickson et al., 2008), after six 60-min sessions of group loving-kindness meditation training, benefited in the following areas: first, they experienced a reduction in depressive symptoms; second, they strengthened their personal…”
BackgroundThe expression of compassion in social work practice
Stickle, M. (2016) · Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work Social Thought · doi:10.1080/15426432.2015.1067587 · Cited by 19
“Research on meditation as a type of mind-training practice has demonstrated that daily experiences of positive emotions build over time, increasing mindfulness, purpose in life, and social support, while decreasing symptoms of illness (Fredrickson et al., 2008, p. 1).”
BackgroundMeditation and the cultivation of virtue
Upton, C. L. (2017) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2016.1269883 · Cited by 16
Heekerens, J. B., & Heinitz, K. (2018) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-018-9999-6 · Cited by 17
Positive Emotions During Infant Feeding and Postpartum Mental Health
Wouk, K., Gottfredson, N. C., Tucker, C., Pence, B. W., Meltzer-Brody, S. E., Zvara, B. J., Grewen, K., & Stuebe, A. M. (2018) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2017.6889 · Cited by 16
“94.(15,28) Our exposure uses the positive emotions subscale of the mDES, which provides a mean score across 10 discrete emotions: amusement, awe, contentment, gratitude, hope, joy, interest, love, pride, and inspiration.”
MethodMabsout, R. (2015) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.01.008 · Cited by 16
Inducing Mindfulness Through Life‐Philosophical Lecturing
Saarinen, E., & Lehti, T. E. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118294895.ch57 · Cited by 16
The role of self-efficacy and curiosity in student use of artificial intelligence (AI)
Schutte, N. S., & Li, H. (2025) · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education · doi:10.1186/s41239-025-00574-6 · Cited by 19
“Results of experimental research support the broadening impact of positive emotions leading to beneficial outcomes such as greater resilience and increased mindfulness, which in turn are linked to decreases in depression and increases in life satisfaction (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
Burton, N., Culham, T. E., & Vu, M. C. (2020) · Organizational Behavior Teaching Review · doi:10.1177/1052562920945739 · Cited by 23
“This is supported by findings in the field of positive psychology where positive emotions have been found to have the power to heal and enable transformation (Fosha, 2009a, 2009b; Fredrickson et al., 2008, Fredrickson & Losada, 2005; Garland et al., 2010).”
ResultUnveiling the Effects of Stressors on Task Performance: The Role of Thriving at Work and Resilience
Hussain, Z., Farid, H., Liu, X., & Shaheen, W. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.896505 · Cited by 25
Haydon, M. D., Walsh, L. C., Fritz, M. M., Rahal, D., Lyubomirsky, S., & Bower, J. E. (2022) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2022.2093786 · Cited by 17
“These practices have been shown to increase self-compassion (Neff & Germer, 2013), positive emotions (Fredrickson et al., 2008), and reduce stress-induced immune reactivity (Pace et al., 2009) in healthy adults.”
BackgroundA Randomized Controlled Study of a French Compassionate Mind Training
Leboeuf, I., Andreotti, E., Irons, C., Beaumont, E., & Antoine, P. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01987-4 · Cited by 19
Experienced gratitude is a catalyst for upward spirals of perceived partner responsiveness
Algoe, S. B., & Chandler, K. R. (2023) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101764 · Cited by 15
Lau, Y., Wang, Y., Kwong, D. H. K., & Wang, Y. (2015) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12105 · Cited by 16
Center, Light, and Sound: The Psychological Benefits of Three Distinct Meditative Practices
Gutiérrez, D., Fox, J., & Wood, A. W. (2015) · Counseling and Values · doi:10.1002/cvj.12016 · Cited by 17
Using Meditation in Addiction Counseling
Young, M. E., DeLorenzi, L., & Cunningham, L. (2011) · Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1874.2011.tb00207.x · Cited by 15
Sekerka, L. E., Vacharkulksemsuk, T., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199734610.013.0013 · Cited by 16
Self-citationHarwood, J., & Froehlich, D. E. (2017) · Professional and practice-based learning · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60943-0_21 · Cited by 15
Gerson, M. W. (2018) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2018.93030 · Cited by 19
Khan, H. S. U. D., Ma, Z., Siddiqui, S. H., & Khan, M. A. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02141 · Cited by 15
Pennington, S., Richards, K. A. R., Trad, A. M., Gaudreault, K. L., & Graber, K. C. (2021) · Quest · doi:10.1080/00336297.2021.1915350 · Cited by 15
“When practiced over time, nurturing positive emotions helps teachers become more attuned to themselves and others, which can promote resiliency (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundLoving-kindness meditation (LKM) modulates brain-heart connection: An EEG case study
Wong, G. F., Sun, R., Adler, J., Yeung, K. W., Yu, S., & Gao, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.891377 · Cited by 15
“LKM is a cultivation of the sentiments of love, benevolence, kindness, affection, friendship, and goodwill (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMechanisms of quality-of-life improvement in treatment for alcohol use disorder.
Carlon, H. A., Hurlocker, M. C., & Witkiewitz, K. A. (2022) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000750 · Cited by 15
Design Implications for One-Way Text Messaging Services that Support Psychological Wellbeing
Bhattacharjee, A., Pang, J., Liu, A., Mariakakis, A. T., & Williams, J. J. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/3569888 · Cited by 17
“[47] also showed that people who practice positive activities report having greater life satisfaction and improved relationships with their peers.”
BackgroundUrrila, L. I., & Mäkelä, L. (2022) · Management Learning · doi:10.1177/13505076221136923 · Cited by 23
“For example, mindfulness meditation has been associated with interpersonal forgive-ness (Karremans et al., 2020) and compassion (Condon et al., 2013; Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundAhmed, I., & Islam, T. (2022) · Kybernetes · doi:10.1108/k-05-2022-0765 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1045-1062
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- PMC
- PMC3156028
- OpenAlex
- W2125750403
- Cited by
- 2,365
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 74 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 127 · 2022: 186 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 227 · 2019: 153 · 2018: 162 · 2017: 172 · 2016: 147 · 2015: 161 · 2014: 142 · 2013: 125 · 2012: 109
- FWCI
- 74.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH59615)
- Compuware Corporation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- loving-kindness meditation, positive emotions, broaden-and-build theory, personal resources, mindfulness, meaning of life, social support, disease symptoms, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, hedonic treadmill, working adults
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Awareness, Education, Emotions, Empathy, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Love, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Personality Inventory, Quality of Life, Self Concept, Meditation
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