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Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources
Open accessAbstract
B. L. Fredrickson's (1998, 2001) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions asserts that people's daily experiences of positive emotions compound over time to build a variety of consequential personal resources. The authors tested this build hypothesis in a field experiment with working adults (n = 139), half of whom were randomly-assigned to begin a practice of loving-kindness meditation. Results showed that this meditation practice produced increases over time in daily experiences of positive emotions, which, in turn, produced increases in a wide range of personal resources (e.g., increased mindfulness, purpose in life, social support, decreased illness symptoms). In turn, these increments in personal resources predicted increased life satisfaction and reduced depressive symptoms. Discussion centers on how positive emotions are the mechanism of change for the type of mind-training practice studied here and how loving-kindness meditation is an intervention strategy that produces positive emotions in a way that outpaces the hedonic treadmill effect.
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“as self-compassion has been associated with higher positive affect (Frederickson et al., 2008; Wren et al., 2012), cultivating a nonjudgmental stance contribute to self-compassion and acceptance, which then increase experiences of positive affect.”
From Mapping Mindfulness Facets Onto Dimensions of Anxiety and Depression (2013) · cites this paper as Frederickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For example, interventions designed to promote subjective well-being not only lead to lasting increase in positive emotions, but also promote other positive outcomes such as life satisfaction, purpose in life, and improved social functioning (Cohn, Fredrickson, Brown, Mikels, & Conway, 2009; Fredrickson, 2001; Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008).”
From Trajectories of change in well-being during cognitive behavioral therapies for anxiety disorders: Quantifying the impact and covariation with improvements in anxiety (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This supports the proposition that mindfulness may constitute a 'technology of the self' (Ng, 2016), by increasing participants' awareness of internalised oppression (Berila, 2016), loosening attachment to negative selfconstructs and engendering kindlier inner dialogues (Fredrickson et al., 2008;Dougan, 2011).”
From Critical Mindfulness in Social Work: Exploring the Potential of Reflexive Self-Care in the Journey from Student to Social Worker (2022) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“First evidence has revealed that practicing Metta is linked to increased resilience and enhanced emotional regulation skills [31–33].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Existing evidence also suggest that practicing Metta meditation can strongly increase personal resources with self-generated positive emotions being the central mechanism of change [31].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“LKM increases social connectedness and is linked with increased positive emotions and well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008;2017;Hutcherson et al., 2008).”
From RESILIENCE, COPING, AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ACROSS THE GLOBE – AN UPDATE: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? (2023) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“that positive affect positively predicts psychological well-being (Fredrickson 2001; Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“While I agree that some activities may be more positive than others in bringing about positive affective experiences and psychological well-being, such as mindfulness meditation (Lutz et al. 2008) and loving-kindness meditation (Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This model asserts that one function of positive affect may be to broaden attentional scope to help individuals be more open to novel stimuli and social supports, which in turn, broadens and builds psychological and social resources necessary for survival”
From Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“In a randomized controlled trial, loving-kindness meditation was associated with increased levels of positive emotion, which in turn predicted reduced depressive symptoms 96.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Interventions that successfully increase the experience of positive emotions have become available in western society 96, 97.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Depression is common in people with type 2 diabetes[21] and is associated with poorer glycemic control, increased symptoms and complications, poorer adherence to exercise and diet recommendations[22], and elevated risk of mortality, over and above the elevations in risk associated with diabetes itself[23].”
From An online positive affect skills intervention reduces depression in adults with type 2 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“PP exercises have led to increased optimism and outcome expectancy [124, 125], confidence and self-efficacy [126], and greater perceived social support and interpersonal connectedness (pathway A1) [127, 128].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“When effects upon LKM were examined alone in an intervention trial (Fredrickson et al., 2008), effects upon positive emotions were significant but small, and contrary to major assumptions of Buddhist psychology, there were no treatment benefits upon reduction of negative emotions.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This may suggest that CM and LKM techniques require integration with mindfulness practices, and future research in this area is clearly needed.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“For example, the modified LKM techniques employed in the study by Fredrickson and colleagues (2008) deviated from traditional LKM practices in ways they may have been somewhat inconsistent with the traditional practices (e.g., Buddharakkhita, 1995; Sujiva, 1991).”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The positive affect system also fosters approach-oriented behaviors, such as exploration and social initiation, that increase exposure to potentially rewarding outcomes,31 thereby facilitating the acquisition of social, physical, and intellectual resources9, 10, 32 that promote resilience during stress and overall well-being33.”
From Upregulating the positive affect system in anxiety and depression: Outcomes of a positive activity intervention: Taylor et al. (2017) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Heightened positive affect—generated by the positive valence (approach/appetitive) system—facilitates positive social connections (Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Waugh & Fredrickson, 2006; see Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015, for a review), above and beyond negative affective experiences (Strong & Aron, 2006), by guiding people toward (e.g., coordinating social initi”
From Enhancing social connectedness in anxiety and depression through amplification of positivity: Preliminary treatment outcomes and process of change (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
In the citing paper
“predicted subsequent increases in feelings of connectedness with others”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The role of positive emotions in facilitating social connections is well-documented (Fredrickson, 2013; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Gable & Berkman, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015; Strong & Aron, 2006).”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Six to seven weeks of meditation-based compassion training result in increases in positive mood and life satisfaction [21]”
From Short-term compassion training increases prosocial behavior in a newly developed prosocial game (2011) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Behavioral research has shown that short-term training of loving-kindness and compassion is associated with increases in daily positive affect (Kok et al., 2013), prosocial behavior (Leiberg et al., 2011;Weng et al., 2013), resilience (Fredrickson et al., 2008) and empathy (Mascaro et al., 2013).”
From Compassion-based emotion regulation up-regulates experienced positive affect and associated neural networks (2015) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“training compassion can foster emotional well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008)”
From Differential pattern of functional brain plasticity after compassion and empathy training (2014) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This modified DES has shown acceptable reliability with the positive emotions subscale, α = .79, and the negative emotions subscale with α = .69.”
From Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting Education: Promoting Family Mindfulness During the Perinatal Period (2010) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
In the citing paper
“Self-compassion has been considered a core quality of mindfulness [71] and is associated with lower stress and psychological symptoms in addition to greater well-being [72,73].”
From Efficacy of the Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App “Calm” to Reduce Stress Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as [73]
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BackgroundPositive Psychology in Lifestyle Medicine and Health Care: Strategies for Implementation
Lianov, L. S., Fredrickson, B. L., Barron, C., Krishnaswami, J., & Wallace, A. (2019) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827619838992 · Cited by 50
Self-citationSinger, T., & Tusche, A. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-416008-8.00027-9 · Cited by 51
Feng, Y., Li, X., Song, X., & Zhu, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01993 · Cited by 54
“A number of research has showed that positive emotion possesses several other benefits: (a) it increases trust and agreement with acquaintances or close people (Dunn and Schweitzer, 2005; Fredrickson et al., 2008); (b) it is conducive to the development of friendship and marital satisfaction (Harker and Keltner, 2001)…”
BackgroundSarwar, A., Muhammad, L., & Σιγάλα, Μ. (2021) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-08-2020-0808 · Cited by 49
Delaney, C., Barrere, C., & Helming, M. (2011) · Journal of Holistic Nursing · doi:10.1177/0898010110378356 · Cited by 45
Mitas, O., & Kroesen, M. (2019) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-019-00200-z · Cited by 50
How Enrichment Affects Exploration Trade-Offs in Rats: Implications for Welfare and Well-Being
Franks, B., Champagne, F. A., & Higgins, E. T. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083578 · Cited by 47
“Nonhuman animal research has indicated that learning and opportunities to explore enhance welfare [31,32], which parallels human research indicating that self exploration and knowledge improve well-being [6,33,34].”
BackgroundBe Happy in your Work: The Role of Positive Psychology in Working with Change and Performance
Allen, M. S., & McCarthy, P. J. (2015) · Journal of Change Management · doi:10.1080/14697017.2015.1128471 · Cited by 57
Trautwein, F., Naranjo, J. R., & Schmidt, S. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01785 · Cited by 51
“…may increase social connectedness (Hutcherson et al., 2008), empathy (Mascaro et al., 2013), compassion (Klimecki et al., 2013, 2014), emotional resonance (Lutz et al., 2008), positive affect (Fredrickson et al., 2008), and altruism (Leiberg et al., 2011; Condon et al., 2013; Weng et al., 2013).”
BackgroundErickson, T. M., McGuire, A. P., Scarsella, G. M., Crouch, T. A., Lewis, J. A., Eisenlohr, A. P., & Muresan, T. J. (2017) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2017.1365163 · Cited by 47
“…increase in weekly positive affect over one month (Study 3), parallel to other studies finding that gratitude (Emmons & McCullough, 2003) and lovingkindness (Fredrickson et al., 2008) influenced affect broadly. present study, underscoring the independence of PA and NA (Watson et al., 1988).”
BackgroundResultA Call for Self-Compassion in Social Work Education
Iacono, G. (2017) · Journal of Teaching in Social Work · doi:10.1080/08841233.2017.1377145 · Cited by 45
“It can positively shift individuals’ outlook on themselves and others, which may increase insight and empathy (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundHamama, L., & Hamama‐Raz, Y. (2019) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x19883736 · Cited by 58
Talking to strangers: A week-long intervention reduces psychological barriers to social connection
Sandstrom, G. M., Boothby, E. J., & Cooney, G. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104356 · Cited by 55
“…in the control condition; 17% of participants in the treatment condition), a rate that is similar to past intervention studies (e.g., 15% of participants in Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008 were excluded for not attending enough sessions or not completing enough weekly reports).”
ResultPositive psychology and health: Well-being interventions in the context of illness
Moskowitz, J. T., Addington, E. L., & Cheung, E. O. (2019) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.11.001 · Cited by 45
If, Why, and When Subjective Well-Being Influences Health, and Future Needed ResearchPreprint
Diener, E. F. (2017) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/k6tvg · Cited by 46
Lv, J., Liu, Q., Zeng, X., Oei, T. P. S., Liu, Y., Xu, K., Sun, W., Hou, H., & Liu, J. (2020) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101814 · Cited by 44
Harrison, A., Al-Khairulla, H., & Kikoler, M. (2016) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2015.1117125 · Cited by 12
Factors Affecting Emotional Resilience in Adults
Pahwa, S., & Khan, N. (2022) · Management and Labour Studies · doi:10.1177/0258042x211072935 · Cited by 64
“There is a great correlation between mindfulness and emotional resilience (Brown & Ryan, 2003; Chang et al., 2004; Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundPositive affect and its association with viral control among women with HIV infection.
Wilson, T. E., Weedon, J., Cohen, M. H., Golub, E. T., Milam, J. E., Young, M., Adedimeji, A., Cohen, J., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2016) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000382 · Cited by 46
“The broaden and build theory suggests that there are several psychosocial pathways by which positive affect may influence HIV care engagement and adherence, including building social support (Fredrickson et al., 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Schwarzer & Leppin, 1991; Tay et al., 2013), facilitating greater attention to heal…”
Self-citationEducación positiva: Educando para el éxito académico y para la vida plena
Adler, A., & de Pennsylvania, U. (2017) · Papeles del Psicólogo - Psychologist Papers · doi:10.23923/pap.psicol2017.2821 · Cited by 71
“Sus vidas describieron un espiral hacia arriba” (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundCappellen, P. V. (2017) · Psychology of Religion and Spirituality · doi:10.1037/rel0000101 · Cited by 45
Acts of kindness reduce depression in individuals low on agreeableness.
Mongrain, M., Barnes, C., Barnhart, R., & Zalan, L. B. (2018) · Translational Issues in Psychological Science · doi:10.1037/tps0000168 · Cited by 53
“…al us e of th e in di vi du al us er an d is no t to be di ss em in at ed br oa dl y. pirical literature has shown that this intervention results in increased positive emotions and improved social functioning (Fredrickson et al., 2008; Hofmann et al., 2011; Hutcherson, Seppala, & Gross, 2008).”
BackgroundChen, X., & Padilla, A. M. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00581-7 · Cited by 50
Köhle, N., Drossaert, C. H. C., Jaran, J., Schreurs, K. M. G., Verdonck-de Leeuw, I. M., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2017) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4121-2 · Cited by 39
“, gratitude, love, feelings of joy) can increase a variety of personal resources such purpose in life, self-acceptance, mindfulness and positive relationships with others [41].”
BackgroundService employees’ STARA awareness and proactive service performance
Hur, W., & Shin, Y. (2024) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/jsm-03-2023-0115 · Cited by 55
Lin, J., & Wang, Y. (2025) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-025-04948-z · Cited by 65
“…a distinctive perspective on how positive emotions facilitate language learning by proposing that positive emotions serve two complementary functions: they ‘ broaden ’ learners ’ momentary thought-action repertoires and ‘ build ’ their enduring personal resources (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
Unseen Affective Faces Influence Person Perception Judgments in Schizophrenia
Kring, A. M., Siegel, E. H., & Barrett, L. F. (2014) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614536161 · Cited by 42
“Like affect perception, anticipatory pleasure is also linked with social functioning in schizophrenia (Gard et al., 2007) and in healthy people (Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008).”
Dispositional Mindfulness Predicts Enhanced Smoking Cessation and Smoking Lapse Recovery
Heppner, W. L., Spears, C. A., Correa-Fernández, V., Castro, Y., Li, Y., Guo, B., Reitzel, L. R., Vidrine, J. I., Mazas, C. A., Cofta-Woerpel, L. M., et al. (2016) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-015-9759-3 · Cited by 46
Kaplan, D. M., deBlois, M. E., Dominguez, V., & Walsh, M. E. (2016) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.06.001 · Cited by 47
Theoretical Foundations to Guide Mindfulness Meditation: A Path to Wisdom
Karunamuni, N. D., & Weerasekera, R. (2017) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-017-9631-7 · Cited by 56
Vandenberghe, C., Panaccio, A. J., Bentein, K., Mignonac, K., Roussel, P., & Ayed, A. K. B. (2018) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2324 · Cited by 49
Üngüren, E., & Kaçmaz, Y. Y. (2022) · Journal of Hospitality Leisure Sport & Tourism Education · doi:10.1016/j.jhlste.2022.100369 · Cited by 48
“People with high psychological resilience minimize the effect of stressful events on themselves by being active against stressful events (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
Bracing Later and Coping Better: Benefits of Mindfulness During a Stressful Waiting Period
Sweeny, K. M., & Howell, J. L. (2017) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167217713490 · Cited by 41
“, mindfulnessbased stress reduction; Kabat-Zinn, 2013) and LKM training regimen (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundBurnout and Vigor as Predictors of the Incidence of Hyperlipidemia among Healthy Employees
Shirom, A., Toker, S., Melamed, S., Berliner, S. A., & Shapira, I. (2012) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/j.1758-0854.2012.01071.x · Cited by 46
Kyriazos, T. A., & Stalikas, A. (2018) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2018.97104 · Cited by 55
Litalien, D., Lüdtke, O., Parker, P. D., & Trautwein, U. (2012) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-012-9328-z · Cited by 48
“These finding are similar to those observed by Fredrickson et al. (2008), that whereas increased positive emotion enhanced a wide range of personal resources, it had no effect on autonomy.”
BackgroundResultMasuda, A., Hill, M. L., Morgan, J., & Cohen, L. L. (2017) · Psychology, Society, & Education · doi:10.25115/psye.v4i2.492 · Cited by 41
A new micro-intervention to increase the enjoyment and continued practice of meditation.
Cappellen, P. V., Catalino, L. I., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2019) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000684 · Cited by 44
“Also, although ample past research has demonstrated that meditation practice improves well-being (e.g., Fredrickson et al., 2008, 2017), the benefits of meditation practice were not thoroughly assessed here (but see the online supplemental materials for null effects on participants’ positive…”
BackgroundSelf-citationDon, B. P., Eller, J., Simpson, J. A., Fredrickson, B. L., Algoe, S. B., Rholes, W. S., & Mickelson, K. D. (2021) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspi0000371 · Cited by 53
Self-citationHanley, A. W., Peterson, G. W., Canto, A. I., & Garland, E. L. (2014) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-014-0302-6 · Cited by 49
“…2009), personal strength (Kurash and Schaul 2006; Niemiec 2012), improved relationships (Jones et al. 2011; Rothaupt and Morgan 2011; Witek-Janusek et al. 2008), as well as heighted appreciation of and satisfaction with life (Brown and Ryan 2003; Fredrickson et al. 2008; Geschwind et al. 2011).”
BackgroundAre state mindfulness and state work engagement related during the workday?
Tuckey, M. R., Sonnentag, S., & Bryan, J. (2018) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2017.1420707 · Cited by 52
“Applied to our study, we expect that starting the day by being mindful initiates a broadened cognitive perspective, in turn fostering greater engagement at work; that is, mindfulness should trigger a broadening process (cf. Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundGupta, N., & Sharma, V. (2018) · Journal of Indian Business Research · doi:10.1108/jibr-09-2017-0147 · Cited by 41
Mental health of UK hospitality workers: shame, self-criticism and self-reassurance
Kotera, Y., Adhikari, P., & Sheffield, D. (2020) · Service Industries Journal · doi:10.1080/02642069.2020.1713111 · Cited by 41
Safety Culture and Workforce Well-Being Associations with Positive Leadership WalkRounds
Sexton, J. B., Adair, K. C., Profit, J., Bae, J., Rehder, K. J., Gosselin, T., Milne, J., Leonard, M., & Frankel, A. S. (2021) · The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety · doi:10.1016/j.jcjq.2021.04.001 · Cited by 48
Can We Learn to Treat One Another Better? A Test of a Social Intelligence Curriculum
Zautra, E. K., Zautra, A., Écija, C., & Furlong, L. V. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128638 · Cited by 65
“As the listing of the component abilities indicates, emotion regulation is frequently evoked in a social context, and EQ programs have been shown to successfully engage people in the practice of greater awareness of not only one’s own feelings and motivations, but also the feelings and motivations of others [26, 27].”
BackgroundMeditation Effects in the Social Domain: Self-Other Connectedness as a General Mechanism?
Trautwein, F.-M., Naranjo, J. R., & Schmidt, S. (2014) · Studies in Neuroscience, Consciousness and Spirituality · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01634-4_10 · Cited by 45
Self-compassion, a better alternative to rumination than distraction as a response to negative mood
Odou, N., & Brinker, J. (2015) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2014.967800 · Cited by 55
Gu, X., Luo, W., Zhao, X., Chen, Y., Zheng, Y., Zhou, J., Zeng, X., Yan, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, X., et al. (2022) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12367 · Cited by 40
Panagioti, M., Gooding, P. A., & Tarrier, N. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.06.005 · Cited by 44
Metadata
- Authors
- Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1045-1062
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- PMC
- PMC3156028
- OpenAlex
- W2125750403
- Cited by
- 2,365
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 74 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 127 · 2022: 186 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 227 · 2019: 153 · 2018: 162 · 2017: 172 · 2016: 147 · 2015: 161 · 2014: 142 · 2013: 125 · 2012: 109
- FWCI
- 74.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH59615)
- Compuware Corporation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- loving-kindness meditation, positive emotions, broaden-and-build theory, personal resources, mindfulness, meaning of life, social support, disease symptoms, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, hedonic treadmill, working adults
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Awareness, Education, Emotions, Empathy, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Love, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Personality Inventory, Quality of Life, Self Concept, Meditation
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