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Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources
Open accessAbstract
B. L. Fredrickson's (1998, 2001) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions asserts that people's daily experiences of positive emotions compound over time to build a variety of consequential personal resources. The authors tested this build hypothesis in a field experiment with working adults (n = 139), half of whom were randomly-assigned to begin a practice of loving-kindness meditation. Results showed that this meditation practice produced increases over time in daily experiences of positive emotions, which, in turn, produced increases in a wide range of personal resources (e.g., increased mindfulness, purpose in life, social support, decreased illness symptoms). In turn, these increments in personal resources predicted increased life satisfaction and reduced depressive symptoms. Discussion centers on how positive emotions are the mechanism of change for the type of mind-training practice studied here and how loving-kindness meditation is an intervention strategy that produces positive emotions in a way that outpaces the hedonic treadmill effect.
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“as self-compassion has been associated with higher positive affect (Frederickson et al., 2008; Wren et al., 2012), cultivating a nonjudgmental stance contribute to self-compassion and acceptance, which then increase experiences of positive affect.”
From Mapping Mindfulness Facets Onto Dimensions of Anxiety and Depression (2013) · cites this paper as Frederickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For example, interventions designed to promote subjective well-being not only lead to lasting increase in positive emotions, but also promote other positive outcomes such as life satisfaction, purpose in life, and improved social functioning (Cohn, Fredrickson, Brown, Mikels, & Conway, 2009; Fredrickson, 2001; Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008).”
From Trajectories of change in well-being during cognitive behavioral therapies for anxiety disorders: Quantifying the impact and covariation with improvements in anxiety (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This supports the proposition that mindfulness may constitute a 'technology of the self' (Ng, 2016), by increasing participants' awareness of internalised oppression (Berila, 2016), loosening attachment to negative selfconstructs and engendering kindlier inner dialogues (Fredrickson et al., 2008;Dougan, 2011).”
From Critical Mindfulness in Social Work: Exploring the Potential of Reflexive Self-Care in the Journey from Student to Social Worker (2022) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“First evidence has revealed that practicing Metta is linked to increased resilience and enhanced emotional regulation skills [31–33].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Existing evidence also suggest that practicing Metta meditation can strongly increase personal resources with self-generated positive emotions being the central mechanism of change [31].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“LKM increases social connectedness and is linked with increased positive emotions and well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008;2017;Hutcherson et al., 2008).”
From RESILIENCE, COPING, AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ACROSS THE GLOBE – AN UPDATE: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? (2023) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“that positive affect positively predicts psychological well-being (Fredrickson 2001; Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“While I agree that some activities may be more positive than others in bringing about positive affective experiences and psychological well-being, such as mindfulness meditation (Lutz et al. 2008) and loving-kindness meditation (Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This model asserts that one function of positive affect may be to broaden attentional scope to help individuals be more open to novel stimuli and social supports, which in turn, broadens and builds psychological and social resources necessary for survival”
From Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“In a randomized controlled trial, loving-kindness meditation was associated with increased levels of positive emotion, which in turn predicted reduced depressive symptoms 96.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Interventions that successfully increase the experience of positive emotions have become available in western society 96, 97.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Depression is common in people with type 2 diabetes[21] and is associated with poorer glycemic control, increased symptoms and complications, poorer adherence to exercise and diet recommendations[22], and elevated risk of mortality, over and above the elevations in risk associated with diabetes itself[23].”
From An online positive affect skills intervention reduces depression in adults with type 2 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“PP exercises have led to increased optimism and outcome expectancy [124, 125], confidence and self-efficacy [126], and greater perceived social support and interpersonal connectedness (pathway A1) [127, 128].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“When effects upon LKM were examined alone in an intervention trial (Fredrickson et al., 2008), effects upon positive emotions were significant but small, and contrary to major assumptions of Buddhist psychology, there were no treatment benefits upon reduction of negative emotions.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This may suggest that CM and LKM techniques require integration with mindfulness practices, and future research in this area is clearly needed.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“For example, the modified LKM techniques employed in the study by Fredrickson and colleagues (2008) deviated from traditional LKM practices in ways they may have been somewhat inconsistent with the traditional practices (e.g., Buddharakkhita, 1995; Sujiva, 1991).”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The positive affect system also fosters approach-oriented behaviors, such as exploration and social initiation, that increase exposure to potentially rewarding outcomes,31 thereby facilitating the acquisition of social, physical, and intellectual resources9, 10, 32 that promote resilience during stress and overall well-being33.”
From Upregulating the positive affect system in anxiety and depression: Outcomes of a positive activity intervention: Taylor et al. (2017) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Heightened positive affect—generated by the positive valence (approach/appetitive) system—facilitates positive social connections (Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Waugh & Fredrickson, 2006; see Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015, for a review), above and beyond negative affective experiences (Strong & Aron, 2006), by guiding people toward (e.g., coordinating social initi”
From Enhancing social connectedness in anxiety and depression through amplification of positivity: Preliminary treatment outcomes and process of change (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
In the citing paper
“predicted subsequent increases in feelings of connectedness with others”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The role of positive emotions in facilitating social connections is well-documented (Fredrickson, 2013; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Gable & Berkman, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015; Strong & Aron, 2006).”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Six to seven weeks of meditation-based compassion training result in increases in positive mood and life satisfaction [21]”
From Short-term compassion training increases prosocial behavior in a newly developed prosocial game (2011) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Behavioral research has shown that short-term training of loving-kindness and compassion is associated with increases in daily positive affect (Kok et al., 2013), prosocial behavior (Leiberg et al., 2011;Weng et al., 2013), resilience (Fredrickson et al., 2008) and empathy (Mascaro et al., 2013).”
From Compassion-based emotion regulation up-regulates experienced positive affect and associated neural networks (2015) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“training compassion can foster emotional well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008)”
From Differential pattern of functional brain plasticity after compassion and empathy training (2014) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This modified DES has shown acceptable reliability with the positive emotions subscale, α = .79, and the negative emotions subscale with α = .69.”
From Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting Education: Promoting Family Mindfulness During the Perinatal Period (2010) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
In the citing paper
“Self-compassion has been considered a core quality of mindfulness [71] and is associated with lower stress and psychological symptoms in addition to greater well-being [72,73].”
From Efficacy of the Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App “Calm” to Reduce Stress Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as [73]
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“Evidence suggests that LKM enhances positive affect and well-being, and decreases depression in a normal population (Fredrickson et al., 2008; Neff & Germer, 2013); decreases posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms in veterans with PTSD (Kearney et al., 2013); and effectively…”
BackgroundShame Memories and Eating Psychopathology: The Buffering Effect of Self‐Compassion
Ferreira, C., Matos, M., Duarte, C., & Pinto‐Gouveia, J. (2014) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2322 · Cited by 79
Self-centeredness and selflessness: happiness correlates and mediating psychological processes
Dambrun, M. (2017) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.3306 · Cited by 94
“, Dambrun & Ricard, 2012; Weinstein & Ryan, 2010), positive emotions (Fredrickson et al., 2008) and a reduction in psychological distress (Carson et al.”
BackgroundChang, E. C., Chang, O. D., Li, M., Xi, Z., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, X., Li, Z., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., et al. (2019) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2019.1579358 · Cited by 84
“In contrast, the building of resilience imparted by positive emotions is believed to enhance well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008; Fredrickson & Joiner, 2002, 2018).”
BackgroundDon't leave your heart at home
Ouweneel, E., Blanc, P. M. L., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2012) · Career Development International · doi:10.1108/13620431211280123 · Cited by 90
Stability and change in adolescent spirituality/religiosity: A person-centered approach.
Good, M., Willoughby, T., & Busseri, M. A. (2010) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021270 · Cited by 78
An Integrative Theory-Driven Positive Emotion Regulation Intervention
Weytens, F., Luminet, O., Verhofstadt, L., & Mikolajczak, M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095677 · Cited by 77
“study [65], the LKM group participants were asked to practice 20 minutes of meditation at home, at least five days a week.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialExperimental Evidence That Positive Moods Cause Sociability
Whelan, D. C., & Zelenski, J. M. (2011) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550611425194 · Cited by 84
Recovery from fatigue: The role of psychological detachment.
Sonnentag, S. (2010) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/12343-012 · Cited by 79
Clauß, E., Hoppe, A., O’Shea, D. E., González‐Morales, M. G., Steidle, A., & Michel, A. (2016) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000063 · Cited by 83
Positive pathways to engaging workers: work–family enrichment as a predictor of work engagement
Timms, C., Brough, P. A., O’Driscoll, M. P., Kalliath, T. J., Siu, O. L., Sit, C. H. P., & Lo, D. (2015) · Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.1111/1744-7941.12066 · Cited by 89
Be Happy: The Role of Resilience Between Characteristic Affect and Symptoms of Depression
Loh, J. M. I., Schutte, N. S., & Thorsteinsson, E. (2013) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-013-9467-2 · Cited by 87
“Experimental interventions designed to increase positive affect have led to broadened behavioural and cognitive repertoires (Fredrickson and Branigan 2005; Fredrickson et al. 2008; Isen et al. 1987).”
BackgroundCatarino, F., Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., & Baião, R. (2014) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2014.33.5.399 · Cited by 90
“Practices of imagining compassion for others produce changes in the frontal cortex and well-being (Lutz, Brefczynski-Lewis, Johnstone, & Davidson, 2008; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Hutcherson et al., 2008; Sprecher & Fehr, 2006).”
BackgroundPromoting happiness: The malleability of individual and societal subjective wellbeing
Tay, L., & Kuykendall, L. E. (2013) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00207594.2013.779379 · Cited by 92
The Pursuit of Hopefulness: Operationalizing Hope in Entertainment Media Narratives
Prestin, A. (2013) · Media Psychology · doi:10.1080/15213269.2013.773494 · Cited by 76
“To date, the build hypothesis has been tested in large scale, intensive programs (e.g., Fredrickson et al., 2008); in contrast, participants in this study viewed approximately 25 minutes of media content over five days, yet those exposed to amusement-evoking comedy clips or the hope-evoking…”
BackgroundInfluentialHabitual Worrying and Benefits of Mindfulness
Verplanken, B., & Fisher, N. (2014) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0211-0 · Cited by 74
“…traitbased correlates on psychological functioning and affect regulation (e.g. Arch and Craske 2006; Brown and Ryan 2003; Erisman and Roemer 2010; Chambers et al. 2009; Davidson et al. 2003; Fredrickson et al. 2008; Hölzel et al. 2011; Koole 2009; McCullough and Willoughby 2009; Williams 2010).”
BackgroundPsychology of Child Well-Being
Holte, A., Barry, M. M., Bekkhus, M., Borge, A. I. H., Bowes, L., Casas, F., Friborg, O., Grinde, B., Headey, B., Jozefiak, T., et al. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9063-8_13 · Cited by 80
Prochaska, J. O., Evers, K. E., Castle, P. H., Johnson, J. L., Prochaska, J. M., Rula, E. Y., Coberley, C. R., & Pope, J. E. (2012) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2011.0060 · Cited by 78
“18 There is also evidence that workplace wellness programs are associated with higher well-being in the domains of physical health, emotional health, and healthy behaviors.”
Engel, Y., Ramesh, A., & Steiner, N. (2020) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.105986 · Cited by 76
“, 2013), is a systematic technique that cultivates compassion towards oneself and others (Engel et al., 2020; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Zeng et al., 2015).”
BackgroundBunjak, A., Černe, M., & Schölly, E. L. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792599 · Cited by 74
Coaching for Behavior Change in Physiatry
Frates, E. P., Moore, M. A., Lopez, C. N., & McMahon, G. T. (2011) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0b013e31822dea9a · Cited by 75
“logic domains and theories on how to generate effective and durable behavior change, not only self-determination theory(1) but also many others including the transtheoretical model of change,(2) motivational interviewing,(3,4) appreciative inquiry,(5) goal-setting theory,(6) social cognitive theory,(7) adult developme…”
BackgroundThe Promise of Well-Being Interventions for Improving Health Risk Behaviors
Boehm, J. K., Vie, L. L., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2012) · Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports · doi:10.1007/s12170-012-0273-x · Cited by 84
“LKM has also been associated with an increase in positive emotions relative to a waitlist control group, with the association between time spent meditating and positive emotions increasing over time [11].”
BackgroundMcClintock, C. H., Lau, E., & Miller, L. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01600 · Cited by 78
Loving‐Kindness Meditation and Empathy: A Wellness Group Intervention for Counseling Students
Leppma, M., & Young, M. E. (2016) · Journal of Counseling & Development · doi:10.1002/jcad.12086 · Cited by 73
Jennings, P. A. (2016) · Mindfulness in behavioral health · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3506-2_9 · Cited by 80
Mindfulness Facets Predict Helping Behavior and Distinct Helping-Related Emotions
Cameron, C. D., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-014-0383-2 · Cited by 89
Self-citationWhat Makes Mindfulness-Based Interventions Effective? An Examination of Common Components
Kropp, A., & Sedlmeier, P. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01167-x · Cited by 74
Roeser, R. W. (2016) · Mindfulness in behavioral health · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3506-2_10 · Cited by 73
Singer, T. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374176-9.00017-8 · Cited by 85
“…as reviewed above, studies have started to investigate the structural and functional neural effects of expertise in compassion and its impact on affect and neuroendocrinological responses (Fredrickson et al., 2008; Klimecki et al., 2012; Lazar et al., 2005; Lutz et al., 2004; Pace et al., 2009).”
BackgroundWork to non-work enrichment: The mediating roles of positive affect and positive work reflection
Daniel, S., & Sonnentag, S. (2014) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2013.872706 · Cited by 85
Kahn, J. R., Collinge, W., & Soltysik, R. C. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.5800 · Cited by 77
“This study adds to the growing literature on the power of brief, repeated mind-and body-based practices to address physical, psychological, and spiritual well-being [50-52].”
Religiosity as a source of influence on work engagement: a study of the Malaysian Finance industry
Bakar, R. B. A., Cooke, F. L., & Muenjohn, N. (2016) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2016.1254103 · Cited by 82
Milbury, K., Weathers, S.-P., Durrani, S., Li, Y., Whisenant, M., Li, J., Lim, B., Weinberg, J. S., Kesler, S. R., Cohen, L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.02.004 · Cited by 68
Zyphur, M. J., Li, W., Zhang, Z., Arvey, R. D., & Barsky, A. P. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01493 · Cited by 83
Heekerens, J. B., & Eid, M. (2020) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2020.1716052 · Cited by 80
The LIFE Model: A Meta-Theoretical Conceptual Map for Applied Positive Psychology
Lomas, T., Hefferon, K., & Ivtzan, I. (2014) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-014-9563-y · Cited by 78
“There are PPIs designed to cultivate particular attitudinal qualities, such as loving-kindness meditation to promote compassion (Fredrickson et al. 2008), or T. Lomas et al. Japanese Naikan therapy to engender gratitude (Chan 2010).”
BackgroundWeng, H. Y., Lapate, R. C., Stodola, D. E., Rogers, G. M., & Davidson, R. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00771 · Cited by 82
“Because visual imagery and visual perception recruit largely overlapping brain regions (Ganis et al., 2004), it is plausible that internal visual imagery in compassion meditation may transfer to external visual perception and increase attention given to cues of suffering.”
BackgroundChang, S.-H., Shu, Y., Wang, C.-L., Chen, M., & Ho, W. (2019) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.039 · Cited by 78
Intensive meditation training influences emotional responses to suffering
Rosenberg, E. L., Zanesco, A. P., King, B. G., Aichele, S. R., Jacobs, T. L., Bridwell, D. A., MacLean, K. A., Shaver, P. R., Ferrer, E., Sahdra, B. K., et al. (2015) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000080 · Cited by 70
“Self reports of emotion have on some occasions been responsive to meditation interventions (e.g., Fredrickson et al., 2008) and in other cases have not (Koopmann-Holm, Sze, Ochs, & Tsai, 2013).”
BackgroundState mindfulness and positive emotions in daily life: An upward spiral process
Du, J., An, Y., Ding, X., Zhang, Q., & Xu, W. (2018) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.11.037 · Cited by 81
Bihari, J. L. N., & Mullan, E. G. (2012) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-012-0146-x · Cited by 81
The effects of mind–body training on stress reduction, positive affect, and plasma catecholamines
Jung, Y.-H., Kang, D., Jang, J. H., Park, H. Y., Byun, M. S., Kwon, J. S., Jang, G.-E., Lee, U. S., An, S. C., & Kwon, J. S. (2010) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.048 · Cited by 74
The personal and interpersonal rewards of communal orientation
Le, B. M., Impett, E. A., Kogan, A., Webster, G. D., & Cheng, C. (2012) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407512466227 · Cited by 78
Zimmaro, L. A., Salmon, P. M., Naidu, H., Rowe, J., Phillips, K. M., Rebholz, W. N., Giese‐Davis, J., Cash, E. D., Dreeben, S. J., Bayley-Veloso, R., et al. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0526-8 · Cited by 86
Miao, M., & Gan, Y. (2018) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12416 · Cited by 73
Affectionate Communication in Close Relationships
Floyd, K. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108653510 · Cited by 69
Metadata
- Authors
- Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1045-1062
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- PMC
- PMC3156028
- OpenAlex
- W2125750403
- Cited by
- 2,365
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 74 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 127 · 2022: 186 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 227 · 2019: 153 · 2018: 162 · 2017: 172 · 2016: 147 · 2015: 161 · 2014: 142 · 2013: 125 · 2012: 109
- FWCI
- 74.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH59615)
- Compuware Corporation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- loving-kindness meditation, positive emotions, broaden-and-build theory, personal resources, mindfulness, meaning of life, social support, disease symptoms, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, hedonic treadmill, working adults
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Awareness, Education, Emotions, Empathy, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Love, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Personality Inventory, Quality of Life, Self Concept, Meditation
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