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Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources
Open accessAbstract
B. L. Fredrickson's (1998, 2001) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions asserts that people's daily experiences of positive emotions compound over time to build a variety of consequential personal resources. The authors tested this build hypothesis in a field experiment with working adults (n = 139), half of whom were randomly-assigned to begin a practice of loving-kindness meditation. Results showed that this meditation practice produced increases over time in daily experiences of positive emotions, which, in turn, produced increases in a wide range of personal resources (e.g., increased mindfulness, purpose in life, social support, decreased illness symptoms). In turn, these increments in personal resources predicted increased life satisfaction and reduced depressive symptoms. Discussion centers on how positive emotions are the mechanism of change for the type of mind-training practice studied here and how loving-kindness meditation is an intervention strategy that produces positive emotions in a way that outpaces the hedonic treadmill effect.
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“as self-compassion has been associated with higher positive affect (Frederickson et al., 2008; Wren et al., 2012), cultivating a nonjudgmental stance contribute to self-compassion and acceptance, which then increase experiences of positive affect.”
From Mapping Mindfulness Facets Onto Dimensions of Anxiety and Depression (2013) · cites this paper as Frederickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For example, interventions designed to promote subjective well-being not only lead to lasting increase in positive emotions, but also promote other positive outcomes such as life satisfaction, purpose in life, and improved social functioning (Cohn, Fredrickson, Brown, Mikels, & Conway, 2009; Fredrickson, 2001; Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008).”
From Trajectories of change in well-being during cognitive behavioral therapies for anxiety disorders: Quantifying the impact and covariation with improvements in anxiety (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This supports the proposition that mindfulness may constitute a 'technology of the self' (Ng, 2016), by increasing participants' awareness of internalised oppression (Berila, 2016), loosening attachment to negative selfconstructs and engendering kindlier inner dialogues (Fredrickson et al., 2008;Dougan, 2011).”
From Critical Mindfulness in Social Work: Exploring the Potential of Reflexive Self-Care in the Journey from Student to Social Worker (2022) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“First evidence has revealed that practicing Metta is linked to increased resilience and enhanced emotional regulation skills [31–33].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Existing evidence also suggest that practicing Metta meditation can strongly increase personal resources with self-generated positive emotions being the central mechanism of change [31].”
From Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an "on the job" program. (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“LKM increases social connectedness and is linked with increased positive emotions and well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008;2017;Hutcherson et al., 2008).”
From RESILIENCE, COPING, AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ACROSS THE GLOBE – AN UPDATE: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? (2023) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“that positive affect positively predicts psychological well-being (Fredrickson 2001; Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“While I agree that some activities may be more positive than others in bringing about positive affective experiences and psychological well-being, such as mindfulness meditation (Lutz et al. 2008) and loving-kindness meditation (Fredrickson et al. 2008)”
From The role of passion in sustainable psychological well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This model asserts that one function of positive affect may be to broaden attentional scope to help individuals be more open to novel stimuli and social supports, which in turn, broadens and builds psychological and social resources necessary for survival”
From Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“In a randomized controlled trial, loving-kindness meditation was associated with increased levels of positive emotion, which in turn predicted reduced depressive symptoms 96.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Interventions that successfully increase the experience of positive emotions have become available in western society 96, 97.”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Depression is common in people with type 2 diabetes[21] and is associated with poorer glycemic control, increased symptoms and complications, poorer adherence to exercise and diet recommendations[22], and elevated risk of mortality, over and above the elevations in risk associated with diabetes itself[23].”
From An online positive affect skills intervention reduces depression in adults with type 2 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“PP exercises have led to increased optimism and outcome expectancy [124, 125], confidence and self-efficacy [126], and greater perceived social support and interpersonal connectedness (pathway A1) [127, 128].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“When effects upon LKM were examined alone in an intervention trial (Fredrickson et al., 2008), effects upon positive emotions were significant but small, and contrary to major assumptions of Buddhist psychology, there were no treatment benefits upon reduction of negative emotions.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This may suggest that CM and LKM techniques require integration with mindfulness practices, and future research in this area is clearly needed.”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“For example, the modified LKM techniques employed in the study by Fredrickson and colleagues (2008) deviated from traditional LKM practices in ways they may have been somewhat inconsistent with the traditional practices (e.g., Buddharakkhita, 1995; Sujiva, 1991).”
From Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation: Potential for Psychological Interventions (2011) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The positive affect system also fosters approach-oriented behaviors, such as exploration and social initiation, that increase exposure to potentially rewarding outcomes,31 thereby facilitating the acquisition of social, physical, and intellectual resources9, 10, 32 that promote resilience during stress and overall well-being33.”
From Upregulating the positive affect system in anxiety and depression: Outcomes of a positive activity intervention: Taylor et al. (2017) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Heightened positive affect—generated by the positive valence (approach/appetitive) system—facilitates positive social connections (Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Waugh & Fredrickson, 2006; see Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015, for a review), above and beyond negative affective experiences (Strong & Aron, 2006), by guiding people toward (e.g., coordinating social initi”
From Enhancing social connectedness in anxiety and depression through amplification of positivity: Preliminary treatment outcomes and process of change (2020) · cites this paper as Fredrickson, Cohn, Coffey, Pek, & Finkel, 2008
In the citing paper
“predicted subsequent increases in feelings of connectedness with others”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The role of positive emotions in facilitating social connections is well-documented (Fredrickson, 2013; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Gable & Berkman, 2008; Kok et al., 2013; Ramsey & Gentzler, 2015; Strong & Aron, 2006).”
From The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Six to seven weeks of meditation-based compassion training result in increases in positive mood and life satisfaction [21]”
From Short-term compassion training increases prosocial behavior in a newly developed prosocial game (2011) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Behavioral research has shown that short-term training of loving-kindness and compassion is associated with increases in daily positive affect (Kok et al., 2013), prosocial behavior (Leiberg et al., 2011;Weng et al., 2013), resilience (Fredrickson et al., 2008) and empathy (Mascaro et al., 2013).”
From Compassion-based emotion regulation up-regulates experienced positive affect and associated neural networks (2015) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“training compassion can foster emotional well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008)”
From Differential pattern of functional brain plasticity after compassion and empathy training (2014) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“This modified DES has shown acceptable reliability with the positive emotions subscale, α = .79, and the negative emotions subscale with α = .69.”
From Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting Education: Promoting Family Mindfulness During the Perinatal Period (2010) · cites this paper as Fredrickson et al. 2008
In the citing paper
“Self-compassion has been considered a core quality of mindfulness [71] and is associated with lower stress and psychological symptoms in addition to greater well-being [72,73].”
From Efficacy of the Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App “Calm” to Reduce Stress Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as [73]
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“The practices are divided into compassion (“karuna”) which seeks to reduce the suffering of others, and loving-kindness (“maitri”) which desires to increase the happiness of others (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
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Panditharathne, P. N. K. W., & Chen, Z. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su132413852 · Cited by 50
Soutter, A. K., Gilmore, A. M., & O’Steen, B. (2010) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-010-9219-5 · Cited by 47
Yeh, Y., Lai, S. C., & Lin, C.-W. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.10.037 · Cited by 37
Nuclear medicine for photodynamic therapy in cancer: Planning, monitoring and nuclear PDT
Kharroubi, D., Huglo, D. G., Mordon, S. R., & Vermandel, M. (2017) · Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.03.002 · Cited by 35
“The Fun Begins Now!”: Broadening and Building Processes in Red Hat Society® Participation
Mitas, O., Qian, X. L., Yarnal, C., & Kerstetter, D. L. (2011) · Journal of Leisure Research · doi:10.1080/00222216.2011.11950225 · Cited by 36
Mindfulness and the self-regulation of music performance anxiety
Farnsworth-Grodd, V. (2012) · ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) · Cited by 35
Predictors and social consequences of daily pain expectancy among adults with chronic pain
Mun, C. J., Thummala, K., Davis, M. C., Karoly, P., Tennen, H., & Zautra, A. J. (2017) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000903 · Cited by 34
“According to this theory, positive affect broadens attention and supports cognitive flexibility and mindfulness.(15,23,24,27) In this way, positive affect may promote more flexible cognition allowing people to foresee future pain experiences in a less catastrophic light.”
BackgroundKovach, C. R., Evans, C.-R., Sattell, L., Rosenau, K., & Gopalakrishnan, S. (2018) · Research in Gerontological Nursing · doi:10.3928/19404921-20180223-01 · Cited by 37
Musical Enjoyment and Reward: From Hedonic Pleasure to Eudaimonic Listening
Reybrouck, M., & Eerola, T. (2022) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs12050154 · Cited by 40
Margalho, C., Castanheira, A., Real, F. C., Gallardo, E., & López‐Rivadulla, M. (2016) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.001 · Cited by 34
Establishing a Positive Emotional Climate to Create 21st-Century Organizational Change
Vacharkulksemsuk, T., Sekerka, L. E., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2010) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483307961.n7 · Cited by 37
Self-citationThe role of gratitude and moral elevation in moral identity development
Pohling, R., Diessner, R., & Strobel, A. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025417727874 · Cited by 38
Maurer, M. M., & Daukantaité, D. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01706 · Cited by 67
Global Challenges as Opportunity to Transform Business for Good
Laszlo, C., Cooperrider, D., & Fry, R. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12198053 · Cited by 23
“Research into human behavior offers compelling evidence that people are more willing to change—and that the change is more enduring—when it is built on strengths rather than weaknesses and on positive images of the future rather than on negative emotions such as fear [32].”
BackgroundAn exploration of competitiveness and caring in relation to psychopathology
McEwan, K., Gilbert, P., & Duarte, J. (2011) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.2011.02010.x · Cited by 34
“Whereas in the caring mentality, the focus of the self is on being kind, warm, or helpful (Gilbert, 1989, 1993, 2005). These dimensions of rank versus caring have been identified in a number of research areas. For example, using attachment theory and social competition theory, Stevens and Price (2000) suggested caring…”
BackgroundSexton, J. B., Adair, K. C., Cui, X., Tawfik, D. S., & Profit, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016407 · Cited by 34
Chang, D. F., Donald, J. N., Whitney, J. M., Miao, I. Y., & Sahdra, B. K. (2023) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/01461672231178518 · Cited by 35
“Fredrickson et al. (2008) found that 7 weeks of training in LKM significantly increased positive emotions (i.e., joy, amusement, pride, love, awe, hope) and greater self-acceptance, social support received, and positive relations with others.”
A four-dimensional model of mindfulness and its implications for health.
Nilsson, H. (2014) · Psychology of Religion and Spirituality · doi:10.1037/a0036067 · Cited by 33
Finding and fostering the positive in relationships: positive interventions in couples therapy
Kauffman, C., & Silberman, J. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20594 · Cited by 33
Berkland, B. E., Werneburg, B. L., Jenkins, S. M., Friend, J. L., Clark, M. M., Rosedahl, J. K., Limburg, P. J., Riley, B. A., Lecy, D. R., & Sood, A. (2017) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings Innovations Quality & Outcomes · doi:10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2017.09.002 · Cited by 41
Gómez‐Baya, D., Berjano, R. M., Gaspar, T., & Gomes, P. F. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12450 · Cited by 40
Environmental-friendly Eco-labeling Matters: Evidences From an ERPs Study
Jin, J. K., Dou, X., Meng, L., & Yu, H. (2018) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00417 · Cited by 38
Kang, Y. (2018) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.007 · Cited by 35
“Studies support the notion that solitary practice of meditation can positively impact later social outcomes, such that mindfulness and lovingkindness/ compassion trainings boosted positive social perception [4–6], feelings of connection [6,7] and support [8], while reducing feelings of loneliness [7,9].”
BackgroundThe Body–Mind–Spirit Dimensions of Wellness Mediate Dispositional Gratitude and Life Satisfaction
Green, Z. A., Noor, U., & Ahmed, F. (2019) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-019-00215-6 · Cited by 40
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Medvedev, O. N., Hwang, Y., Myers, R. E., & Townshend, K. (2020) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2020.1827211 · Cited by 33
“Thus, in this context, lovingkindness meditation could enable them to respond in a more positive or wholesome manner given that this practice has been shown to have a strong effect on negative emotions (Fredrickson et al. 2008, Shonin et al. 2015).”
BackgroundBarrett-Cheetham, E., Williams, L. A., & Bednall, T. C. (2016) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2016.1152502 · Cited by 38
“In fact, research from the broaden-and-build perspective directly supports the premise that the experience of positive emotions promotes both self- and other-focused eudaimonic well-being (Fredrickson et al., 2008).”
BackgroundPositive emotion communication: Fostering well-being at end of life
Terrill, A. L., Ellington, L., John, K. K., Latimer, S., Xu, J., Reblin, M., & Clayton, M. F. (2017) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2017.11.018 · Cited by 33
Non-verbal communication of compassion: measuring psychophysiologic effects
Kemper, K. J., & Shaltout, H. A. (2011) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-11-132 · Cited by 32
“Although LKM has distinct physiologic effects on the practitioner [26,28-32], we are unaware studies evaluating the effect of one person practicing LKM on another person in the same room who is not meditating and blind to the practitioner’s activity.”
BackgroundRosenzweig, D. L. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22015 · Cited by 32
“I found that the Buddhist perspective added another crucial layer of understanding, beyond patients’ history of experiences in their families and the surrounding culture.”
BackgroundThe neural correlates of social connection
Hutcherson, C. A. C., Seppala, E. M., & Gross, J. J. (2014) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-014-0304-9 · Cited by 40
“…University, Stanford, CA, USA practice with compassion and loving-kindness yields profound changes in positive affect and social relationships (Fredrickson et al., 2008) and helping behavior (Condon, Desbordes, Miller, & DeSteno, 2013; Leiberg, Klimecki, & Singer, 2011) that may derive from…”
BackgroundMurphy, A. (2016) · Contemporary Buddhism · doi:10.1080/14639947.2016.1228324 · Cited by 38
“The authors proposed that the mechanisms of change are a causal model whereby loving-kindness meditation increases positive emotions, which improves overall resources, and thus results in a greater sense of life satisfaction (Fredrickson et al. 2008).”
BackgroundCompassionate acts and everyday emotional well-being among newlyweds.
Reis, H. T., Maniaci, M. R., & Rogge, R. D. (2017) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000281 · Cited by 36
“These results fit well with research that points to the personal benefits of doing good (e.g., Dunn et al., 2014; Fredrickson et al., 2008; Ryff & Singer, 1996).”
BackgroundResultZeng, X., Chio, F. H. N., Oei, T. P. S., Leung, F. Y. K., & Liu, X. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00141 · Cited by 37
“Fredrickson et al. (2008) and Mascaro et al. (2012) found that pre-existing individual differences could influence the amount of meditation practice during interventions.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialJain, F. A., & Fonagy, P. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0969-1 · Cited by 36
“CMLK therapies take two major approaches to generating compassionate feelings towards self and others: (1) focusing on an image for which one has immense gratitude or love (such as a relative) and then extending the feelings one has for the loved one to the self and others (Fredrickson et al. 2008; Jazaieri et al. 201…”
BackgroundNanor, M. A., Poku‐Boansi, M., & Adarkwa, K. K. (2021) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2021.103140 · Cited by 35
A Theory of Subjective Wellbeing
Fabian, M. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197635261.001.0001 · Cited by 36
Relevance of the rationalist–intuitionist debate for ethics and professionalism in medical education
Leffel, G. M., Mueller, R. A. O., Curlin, F. A., & Yoon, J. D. (2014) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-014-9563-z · Cited by 34
May, C. J., Burgard, M., Mena, M., Abbasi, I., Bernhardt, N., Clemens, S., Curtis, E., Daggett, E. W., Hauch, J., Housh, K., et al. (2011) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-011-0053-6 · Cited by 32
“2007), positive emotion, mindfulness, life purpose, and social support (Fredrickson et al. 2008), as well as social connectedness (Hutcherson et al.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialReiter, C., & Wilz, G. (2015) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2015.1025423 · Cited by 34
Affect and motivation are critical in constructive meditation
Engen, H. G., & Singer, T. (2016) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.11.004 · Cited by 31
“Rather, based on evidence we and others have published [3–8], we propose that the central mechanism of lovingkindness and compassion meditation is the active generation of positive affect and prosocial motivation [9].”
Zhou, K., Zhu, X., & Chen, B. (2023) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2023.107995 · Cited by 38
Efficacy of self-control and patience interventions in adolescents
Schnitker, S. A., Felke, T. J., Fernandez, N. A., Redmond, N. M., & Blews, A. E. (2016) · Applied Developmental Science · doi:10.1080/10888691.2016.1178578 · Cited by 33
Moore, S., Diener, E., & Tan, K. (2018) · Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University) · Cited by 30
Feingold, J. H., Murray, H. B., & Keefer, L. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001234 · Cited by 33
Using Neurotechnologies to Develop Virtues: A Buddhist Approach to Cognitive Enhancement
Hughes, J. J. (2013) · Accountability in Research · doi:10.1080/08989621.2013.749744 · Cited by 31
Bach, J. M., & Guse, T. (2014) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2014.965268 · Cited by 31
“The increase in environmental mastery is consistent with Fredrickson et al. (2008)’s finding following a LKM intervention with adults.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSkills to enhance positivity in suicidal adolescents: results from an open development trial
Yen, S., Ranney, M. L., Tezanos, K. M., Chuong, A., Kahler, C. W., Solomon, J. B., & Spirito, A. (2019) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445517748559 · Cited by 30
In search of copassion: Creating a novel concept to promote re-enchantment at work
Pessi, A. B., Seppänen, A. M., Spännäri, J., Grönlund, H., Martela, F., & Paakkanen, M. A. (2021) · BRQ Business Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/23409444211058179 · Cited by 30
“…of special interest, for example within psychology and organizational research, because it has been associated with many positive impacts such as increased social connectedness and positive affect (Fredrickson et al., 2008), and improved cooperation (Dutton et al., 2007) and trust (Clark, 1987).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1045-1062
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- PMC
- PMC3156028
- OpenAlex
- W2125750403
- Cited by
- 2,365
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 74 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 127 · 2022: 186 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 227 · 2019: 153 · 2018: 162 · 2017: 172 · 2016: 147 · 2015: 161 · 2014: 142 · 2013: 125 · 2012: 109
- FWCI
- 74.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH59615)
- Compuware Corporation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- loving-kindness meditation, positive emotions, broaden-and-build theory, personal resources, mindfulness, meaning of life, social support, disease symptoms, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, hedonic treadmill, working adults
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Awareness, Education, Emotions, Empathy, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Love, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Personality Inventory, Quality of Life, Self Concept, Meditation
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