Effect of bilingualism and computer video game experience on the Simon task.
Abstract
A group of 97 participants who were monolingual or bilingual and who had extensive practice playing computer video games or not completed two Simon tasks. The tasks were presented in two conditions that manipulated the number of response switches required in each block of trials. Bilingualism and video-game experience each influenced a different aspect of performance: Video-game players were faster in most conditions, including control conditions that did not include conflict from irrelevant position; bilinguals were faster only in a condition that required the most controlled attention to resolve conflict from the position and the stimulus. The results show the potential of experience to modify performance and point to subtle processing differences in various versions of the Simon task.
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For young adults, bilingual advantages tend to appear on demanding tasks or conditions that require greater monitoring and switching.
“It appears that bilingual advantages for young adults tend to emerge on tasks or conditions that are difficult.”
From Bilingualism: consequences for mind and brain (2012) · cites this paper as [84]
When monitoring demands are low, the bilingual advantage is usually absent.
“In such low-monitoring conditions the bilingual advantage is typically not found.”
From Bilingualism: consequences for mind and brain (2012) · cites this paper as [84]
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- Authors
- Bialystok, E.
- Affiliations
- York University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Bialystok, Ellen
- ORCID
- Bialystok, Ellen
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 68-79
- ISSN
- 1196-1961 (ISSN-L)
- 1878-7290
- OpenAlex
- W2005067186
- Cited by
- 366
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 4.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- bilingualism, Simon task, response inhibition, attentional control, cognitive flexibility, response switching, stimulus-response conflict
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Conflict, Psychological, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Memory, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Statistics, Nonparametric, Video Games, Multilingualism
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