Effects of prior free recall testing on final recall and recognition.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
When the final test is recall, the testing effect is robust; when the final test is recognition, sometimes there are benefits of initial recall but sometimes not.
“When the final test is recall, the testing effect is robust; however, when the final test is recognition, sometimes there are benefits of initial recall (Hanawalt & Tarr 1961, Roediger & McDermott 1995) but sometimes not (Darley & Murdock 1971, Lockhart 1975).”
From Practicing Retrieval Facilitates Learning (2021) · cites this paper as Darley & Murdock 1971
Cites
Human Memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes
Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(08)60422-3 · Cited by 7,216 · see citing works
Availability versus accessibility of information in memory for words
Tulving, E., & Pearlstone, Z. (1966) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(66)80048-8 · Cited by 1,512 · see citing works
The fate of primary memory items in free recall
Craik, F. I. M. (1970) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(70)80042-1 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Rehearsal processes in free recall: A procedure for direct observation
Rundus, D., & Atkinson, R. C. (1970) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(70)80015-9 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Further evidence for a negative recency effect in free recall
Craik, F. I. M., Gardiner, J. M., & Watkins, M. J. (1970) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(70)80101-3 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Perfect recall and total forgetting: A problem for models of short-term memory
Madigan, S. A., & McCabe, L. L. (1971) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(71)80101-9 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Recency effects in long-term recall and recognition
Cohen, R. L. (1970) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(70)80031-7 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Immediate free recall and three-week delayed recognition
Rundus, D., Loftus, G. R., & Atkinson, R. C. (1970) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(70)80033-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Negative effects of recency in recall and recognition
McCabe, L. L., & Madigan, S. A. (1971) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(71)80059-2 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The power of testing memory: Basic research and implications for educational practice
Roediger, H. L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2006) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00012.x · Cited by 2,037 · see citing works
The generation effect: delineation of a phenomenon
Slamecka, N. J., & Graf, P. (1978) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.4.6.592 · Cited by 1,659 · see citing works
Précis of Elements of episodic memory
Tulving, E. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0004440x · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Verbal overshadowing of visual memories: Some things are better left unsaid
Schooler, J. W., & Engstler-Schooler, T. Y. (1990) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(90)90003-m · Cited by 794 · see citing works
The influence of retrieval on retention
Carrier, L. M., & Pashler, H. (1992) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03202713 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Testing the testing effect in the classroom
McDaniel, M. A., Anderson, J. L., Derbish, M. H., & Morrisette, N. (2007) · European Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/09541440701326154 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Test format and corrective feedback modify the effect of testing on long-term retention
Kang, S. H. K., McDermott, K. B., & Roediger, H. L. (2007) · European Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/09541440601056620 · Cited by 513 · see citing works
Carpenter, S. K., & Delosh, E. L. (2006) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03193405 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Generalizing test-enhanced learning from the laboratory to the classroom
Mcdaniel, M. A., Roediger, H. L., & Mcdermott, K. B. (2007) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03194052 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Optimizing schedules of retrieval practice for durable and efficient learning: How much is enough?
Rawson, K. A., & Dunlosky, J. T. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/a0023956 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Retrieval-Based Learning: An Episodic Context Account
Karpicke, J. D., Lehman, M. S., & Aue, W. R. (2012) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Testing during study insulates against the buildup of proactive interference.
Szpunar, K. K., McDermott, K. B., & Roediger, H. L., III (2008) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/a0013082 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Altering memory representations through retrieval.
McDaniel, M. A., & Masson, M. E. J. (1985) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.11.2.371 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Roediger, H. L., III (1974) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03208993 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Retrieval practice enhances new learning: the forward effect of testing
Pastötter, B., & Bäuml, K. T. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00286 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Recognition versus Recall as Measures of Television Commercial Forgetting
Singh, S. N., Rothschild, M., & Churchill, G. A. (1988) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224378802500107 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Halamish, V., & Bjork, R. A. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/a0023219 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Karpicke, J. D., Lehman, M., & Aue, W. R. (2014) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800283-4.00007-1 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Normal forgetting of verbal lists as a function of their degree of learning.
Slamecka, N. J., & Brian Mcelree, A. (1983) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.9.3.384 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Retrieval during learning facilitates subsequent memory encoding.
Pastötter, B., Schicker, S., Niedernhuber, J., & Bäuml, K. T. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/a0021801 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Remediation of memory disorders: Experimental evaluation of the Spaced-Retrieval technique
Schacter, D. L., Rich, S. A., & Stampp, M. (1985) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/01688638508401243 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Ecphoric processes in episodic memory
Tulving, E. (1983) · Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1983.0060 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Retrieval difficulty and subsequent recall
Gardiner, F. M., Craik, F. I. M., & Bleasdale, F. A. (1973) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03198098 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Richard Semon's theory of memory
Schacter, D. L., Eich, J. E., & Tulving, E. (1978) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(78)90443-7 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
How recall facilitates subsequent recall: A reappraisal.
Thompson, C. P., Wenger, S. K., & Bartling, C. A. (1978) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.4.3.210 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Retrieval potentiates new learning: A theoretical and meta-analytic review.
Chan, J. C. K., Meissner, C. A., & Davis, S. D. (2018) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000166 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Comparative analysis of episodic memory
Olton, D. S. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0004454x · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Contingent dissociation between recognition and fragment completion: The method of triangulation.
Hayman, C. A. G., & Tulving, E. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037//0278-7393.15.2.228 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
The interim test effect: Testing prior material can facilitate the learning of new material
Wissman, K. T., Rawson, K. A., & Pyc, M. A. (2011) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-011-0140-7 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Expectation of a final cumulative test enhances long-term retention
Szpunar, K. K., McDermott, K. B., & Roediger, H. L., III (2007) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03193473 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Practicing Retrieval Facilitates Learning
McDermott, K. B. (2021) · Annual review of psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051019 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Memory and the experience of duration in retrospect
Block, R. A. (1974) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03197508 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Inhibition effects of intralist repetition in free recall.
Tulvig, E., & Hastie, R. (1972) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0032367 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Retrieval of internally versus externally generated words in episodic memory
McFarland, C. E., Frey, T. J., & Rhodes, D. D. (1980) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(80)90182-6 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Simmonds, L., Bellman, S., Kennedy, R., Nenycz‐Thiel, M., & Bogomolova, S. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.02.062 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Neuropsychological evidence and the semantic/episodic distinction
Baddeley, A. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00044411 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Determinants of recognition and recall: Accessibility and generation.
Rabinowitz, J. C., Mandler, G., & Patterson, K. E. (1977) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.106.3.302 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Electrical Stimulation in Hippocampus and Entorhinal Cortex Impairs Spatial and Temporal Memory
Goyal, A., Miller, J. F., Watrous, A. J., Lee, S. A., Coffey, T., Sperling, M. R., Sharan, A. D., Worrell, G. A., Berry, B. M., Lega, B. C., et al. (2018) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3049-17.2018 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Investigations of the Testing Effect
Kuo, T.-M., & Hirshman, E. (1996) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1423016 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The testing effect in recognition memory: A dual process account.
Chan, J. C. K., & McDermott, K. B. (2007) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.33.2.431 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
On negative transfer: Effects of testing one list on the recall of another
Tulving, E., & Watkins, M. J. (1974) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(74)80043-5 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
On the acquisition of new declarative knowledge in amnesia.
Hamann, S. B., & Squire, L. R. (1995) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.109.6.1027 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
McDermott, K. (2006) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03193404 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Relations among components and processes of memory
Tulving, E. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00044617 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Differential Age Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Associative Memory
Leach, R. C., McCurdy, M. P., Trumbo, M., Matzen, L. E., & Leshikar, E. D. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gby003 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Koutstaal, W., Schacter, D. L., Johnson, M. K., Angell, K. E., & Gross, M. S. (1998) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.13.2.277 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Effects on a later recall by delaying initial recall.
Modigliani, V. (1976) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.2.5.609 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Testing protects against proactive interference in face–name learning
Weinstein, Y., McDermott, K. B., & Szpunar, K. K. (2011) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-011-0085-x · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Explanation as a Cognitive Process
Horne, Z., Muradoglu, M., & Cimpian, A. (2019) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2018.12.004 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Are contextual advertisements effective?
Chun, K. Y., Song, J. H., Hollenbeck, C. R., & Lee, J.-H. (2014) · International Journal of Advertising · doi:10.2501/ija-33-2-351-371 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Does current evidence from dissociation experiments favor the episodic/semantic distinction?
Roediger, H. L., III (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00044563 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Altering memory through recall: The effects of cue-guided retrieval processing
McDaniel, M. A., Kowitz, M. D., & Dunay, P. K. (1989) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03202614 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Recall of Products Placed as Prizes versus Commercials in Game Shows
Gupta, P. B., & Gould, S. J. (2007) · Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising · doi:10.1080/10641734.2007.10505207 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Recall facilitates subsequent recognition.
Wenger, S. K., Thompson, C. P., & Bartling, C. A. (1980) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.135 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Aging and the production effect: A test of the distinctiveness account.
Lin, O., & MacLeod, C. M. (2012) · Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale · doi:10.1037/a0028309 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Influence of marihuana on storage and retrieval processe in memory
Darley, C. F., Tinklenberg, J. R., Roth, W. T., Hollister, L. E., & Atkinson, R. C. (1973) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03198094 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationImagery and semantic elaboration in hypermnesia for words.
Belmore, S. M. (1981) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.7.3.191 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Normal forgetting of verbal lists as a function of prior testing.
Slamecka, N. J., & Katsaiti, L. T. (1988) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.14.4.716 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Effects of temporal and semantic encoding in immediate recall upon subsequent retrieval
Bartlett, J. C., & Tulving, E. (1974) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(74)80066-6 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Testing can counteract proactive interference by integrating competing information
Wahlheim, C. N. (2014) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-014-0455-5 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Constituent processes in the differentiation of items in memory.
Bjork, R. A., & Geiselman, R. E. (1978) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.4.4.347 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Recall of a twice-presented item without recall of either presentation: Generic memory for events
Watkins, M. J., & Kerkar, S. P. (1985) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/0749-596x(85)90052-x · Cited by 45 · see citing works
The experiential basis of serial position effects
Jones, T. C., & Roediger, H. L., III (1995) · The European Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/09541449508520158 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Negative recency in initial free recall.
Gardiner, J. M., Thompson, C. P., & Maskarinec, A. S. (1974) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0036829 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Morphew, J., da Silva, M. R., Herman, G. L., & West, M. (2019) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.3605 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The modality effect: What happens in long-term memory?
Engle, R. W., & Mobley, L. A. (1976) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/0022-5371(76)90046-3 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Kent, R. J., & Machleit, K. A. (1990) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1990.10673182 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Episodic versus semantic memory: A distinction whose time has come – and gone?
Hintzman, D. L. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00044435 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Divis, K., & Benjamin, A. S. (2014) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-014-0425-y · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Kihlstrom, J. F. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00044460 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Modality dependency of loss of recency in free recall
Martin, M., & Jones, G. V. (1979) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00309155 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Negative recency and levels of processing in free recall.
Mazuryk, G. F., & Lockhart, R. S. (1974) · Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie · doi:10.1037/h0081971 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Primacy and recency in the continuous distractor paradigm.
Poltrock, S. E., & MacLeod, C. M. (1977) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.3.5.560 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Initial-retrieval “depth” and the negative recency effect
Whitten, W. B. (1978) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03198248 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The facilitation of recognition by recall
Lockhart, R. S. (1975) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(75)80068-5 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
On the placement of practice questions during study.
Weinstein, Y., Nunes, L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2016) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/xap0000071 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Buildup and release from proactive interference – Cognitive and neural mechanisms
Kliegl, O., & Bäuml, K. T. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.028 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bartlett, J. C. (1977) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.3.6.719 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The Testing Effect: An Intervention on Behalf of Low-Skilled Comprehenders in General Chemistry
Pyburn, D. T., Pazicni, S., Benassi, V. A., & Tappin, E. E. (2014) · Journal of Chemical Education · doi:10.1021/ed4009045 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Comparing the Effects of Testing and Restudying on Recollection in Recognition Memory
Verkoeijen, P. P. J. L., Tabbers, H. K., & Verhage, M. L. (2011) · Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) · doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000117 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Retrieval-induced forgetting: Testing the competition assumption of inhibition theory.
Jonker, T. R., & MacLeod, C. M. (2012) · Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale · doi:10.1037/a0027277 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Tiberghien, G. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00044599 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Watkins, M. J., & Peyni̇rci̇oğlu, Z. F. (1982) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(08)60549-6 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Proactive interference effects with television news items: Further evidence.
Gunter, B., Berry, C., & Clifford, B. R. (1981) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.7.6.480 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Overlap between hippocampal pre‐encoding and encoding patterns supports episodic memory
Sadeh, T., Chen, J., Goshen‐Gottstein, Y., & Moscovitch, M. (2019) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.23079 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Further evidence for organization by modality in immediate free recall.
Nilsson, L. (1974) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0037406 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Developmental Changes in the Recall and Recognition of Categorized Word Lists
Halperin, M. S. (1974) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1974.tb00569.x · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Influence of retrieval mode on effects of production: Evidence for costs in free recall.
Mama, Y., & Icht, M. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale · doi:10.1037/cep0000090 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Nip, T., Gunter, E. L., Herman, G. L., Morphew, J., & West, M. (2018) · ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE) · doi:10.1145/3159450.3159500 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The serial position function for lists learned by a narrative-story mnemonic
Herrmann, D. J., Geisler, F. V., & Atkinson, R. C. (1973) · Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society · doi:10.3758/bf03334418 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Broadbent, D. E., & Broadbent, M. (1977) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.106.3.330 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Richardson, J. T. E. (1985) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/0144341850050201 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Production on hold: delaying vocal production enhances the production effect in free recall
Mama, Y., & Icht, M. (2017) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2017.1384496 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Consequences of Testing Memory
Malmberg, K., Lehman, M., Annis, J. R., Criss, A., & Shiffrin, R. (2014) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800283-4.00008-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Symeonidou, N., & Kuhlmann, B. G. (2021) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2021.1910310 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Din Phenomenon: Mental Rehearsal in the Second Language
de Guerrero, M. C. M. (1987) · Foreign Language Annals · doi:10.1111/j.1944-9720.1987.tb03053.x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The episodic/semantic continuum in an evolved machine
Lachman, R., & Naus, M. J. (1984) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00044484 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The testing effect with free recall: Organization, attention, and order effects
Mulligan, N. W., Buchin, Z. L., & Zhang, A. L. (2022) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2022.104333 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Does testing enhance new learning because it insulates against proactive interference?
Ahn, D., & Chan, J. C. K. (2022) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-022-01273-7 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Conditions and consequences of maintenance rehearsal.
Wixted, J. T. (1991) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.17.5.963 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Darley, C. F., & Murdock, B. B.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology
- Published
- 1971-11
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 66-73
- ISSN
- 0022-1015 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2000768516
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- free recall, recognition memory, memory interference
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review