Cited by 822Neural dynamics and brain functionNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory and Neural Mechanisms

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Neuronal correlates of parametric working memory in the prefrontal cortex

Romo, Ranulfo, Brody, Carlos D., Hernández, Adrián, Lemus, Luis·1999·Nature

DOI 10.1038/20939

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Abstract

Humans and monkeys have similar abilities to discriminate the difference in frequency between two mechanical vibrations applied sequentially to the fingertips. A key component of this sensory task is that the second stimulus is compared with the trace left by the first (base) stimulus, which must involve working memory. Where and how is this trace held in the brain? This question was investigated by recording from single neurons in the prefrontal cortex of monkeys while they performed the somatosensory discrimination task. Here we describe neurons in the inferior convexity of the prefrontal cortex whose discharge rates varied, during the delay period between the two stimuli, as a monotonic function of the base stimulus frequency. We describe this as 'monotonic stimulus encoding', and we suggest that the result may generalize: monotonic stimulus encoding may be the basic representation of one-dimensional sensory stimulus quantities in working memory. Thus we predict that other behavioural tasks that require ordinal comparisons between scalar analogue stimuli would give rise to monotonic responses similar to those reported here.

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Authors: Romo, R., Brody, C. D., Hernández, A., & Lemus, L.
Affiliations: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
Corresponding author: Romo, Ranulfo
ORCID: Romo, Ranulfo
Brody, Carlos D.
Hernández, Adrián
Lemus, Luis
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1999-06
Volume: 399
Issue: 6735
Pages: 470-473
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/20939
OpenAlex: W2101620490
Cited by: 822
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 35
FWCI: 9.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords: working memory, prefrontal cortex, single-unit recording, somatosensory discrimination, ordinal comparison, delay period
MeSH terms: Animals, Discrimination Learning, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Memory, Short-Term, Neurons, Prefrontal Cortex

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Neuronal correlates of parametric working memory in the prefrontal cortex

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