Unveiling the longitudinal association between short sleep duration and the incidence of obesity: the Penn State Cohort
Open accessAbstract
Objective Several epidemiologic, longitudinal studies have reported that short sleep duration is a risk factor for the incidence of obesity. However, the vast majority of these studies used self-reported measures of sleep duration and did not examine the role of objective short sleep duration, subjective sleep disturbances and emotional stress.Design Longitudinal, population-based study.Subjects We studied a random sample of 815 non-obese adults from the Penn State Cohort in the sleep laboratory for one night using polysomnography (PSG) and followed them up for a mean of 7.5 years. Subjective and objective measures of sleep as well as emotional stress were obtained at baseline. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/ m(-2).Results The incidence of obesity was 15% and it was significantly higher in women and in individuals who reported sleep disturbances, shorter sleep duration and higher emotional stress. Significant mediating effects showed that individuals with subjective sleep disturbances who developed obesity reported the shortest sleep duration and the highest emotional stress, and that subjective sleep disturbances and emotional stress were independent predictors of incident obesity. Further analyses revealed that the association between short sleep duration, subjective sleep disturbances and emotional stress with incident obesity was stronger in young and middle-age adults. Objective short sleep duration was not associated with a significantly increased risk of incident obesity.Conclusion Self-reported short sleep duration in non-obese individuals at risk of developing obesity is a surrogate marker of emotional stress and subjective sleep disturbances. Objective short sleep duration is not associated with a significant increased risk of incident obesity. The detection and treatment of sleep disturbances and emotional stress should become a target of our preventive strategies against obesity.
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In a recent longitudinal study, non-obese insomniacs, despite sleeping objectively shorter than controls or "poor sleepers", were less likely to become obese than controls or "poor sleepers".
“in a recent longitudinal study(186), despite sleeping objectively shorter than controls or “poor sleepers”, non-obese insomniacs were less likely to become obese than controls or “poor sleepers””
From Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016) · cites this paper as [186]
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- Authors
- Vgontzas, A. N., Fernandez-Mendoza, J., Miksiewicz, T., Kritikou, I., Shaffer, M. L., Liao, D., Basta, M., & Bixler, E. O.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Seattle Children's Research Institute (US)
- University of Crete (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Vgontzas, A N
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2013-09-12
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 825-832
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- PMC
- PMC3954466
- OpenAlex
- W2006620969
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 18.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Pennsylvania State University
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Public Health Service (R01 51931, R01 64415, R01 40916)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL040916, R01HL064415, R01HL051931)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- short sleep duration, obesity incidence, emotional stress, polysomnography, mediating effect, self-reported sleep duration, obesity prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Pennsylvania, Risk Factors, Sleep Wake Disorders, Stress, Psychological, Cohort Studies, Biomarkers, Body Mass Index, Incidence, Polysomnography
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