Short sleep duration is associated with higher energy intake and expenditure among African-American and non-Hispanic white adults
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Habitual short sleep duration appears to increase the risk of obesity. The objective of this paper is to investigate the association of habitual sleep duration with objective measures of energy balance. One hundred twelve African-American and 111 non-Hispanic whites aged 21-69 y participated in a cross-sectional study of dietary assessment and biomarkers. Participants reported the mean number of hours per day spent sleeping over the past year. Short sleep duration was defined as ≤6 h/d of sleep. Energy intake (kilocalories) was objectively assessed using the 2-point doubly labeled water technique to determine total energy expenditure, which is approximately equal to energy intake. Physical activity energy expenditure (kilocalories) was estimated as total energy expenditure minus each participant's calculated basal metabolic rate and the thermogenic effect of food. Compared with participants who slept ≤6 h, individuals who slept 8 h were significantly less likely to be obese (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.79). However, this association was not linear across 6-9 h of sleep (P-trend = 0.16). There was an inverse association between sleep and energy intake (P-trend = 0.07): compared with ≤6 h/d, adults who reported ≥9 h sleep consumed 178 fewer kcal/d. There was also an inverse association between sleep and physical activity (P-trend = 0.05): compared with ≤6 h/d of sleep, adults who reported 9 h of usual sleep expended 113 fewer kcal/d in physical activity. These data indicate that, compared with longer sleep duration, adults who report habitual short sleep duration have somewhat higher physical activity energy expenditure but considerably higher energy intake. Habitual short sleep duration appears to be 1 of the facets of modern life leading to a mismatch between energy intake and physical activity.
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Among studies using self-reported sleep duration, shorter sleep duration was associated with greater total energy intake.
“Among studies that relied on self-reported measures of sleep duration, shorter sleep durations were associated with greater total energy intake [150, 158, 159, 164, 166, 174], greater fat intake [163, 164], greater carbohydrate intake [158, 164] and greater alcohol intake [159, 160].”
From Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities (2016) · cites this paper as [166]
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- Authors
- Patterson, R. E., Emond, J. A., Natarajan, L., Wesseling-Perry, K., Kolonel, L. N., Jardack, P., Ancoli-Israel, S., & Arab, L.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Patterson, Ruth E.
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-04
- Volume
- 144
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 461-466
- ISSN
- 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3952622
- OpenAlex
- W2132616637
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 10.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1t32gm084896-01)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG008415, AG 08415)
- National Cancer Institute (R01 CA, R01CA105048, P30CA023100)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32-GM084896)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- short sleep duration, habitual sleep duration, energy intake, total energy expenditure, physical activity energy expenditure, energy balance, obesity risk, African American adults, non-Hispanic White adults, doubly labeled water, basal metabolic rate
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Black or African American, Energy Intake, Cross-Sectional Studies, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Hyperphagia, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Obesity, Risk, Sleep Wake Disorders, Los Angeles, Cohort Studies, Biomarkers, Body Mass Index, White People, Overweight, Young Adult
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