Metabolic and Cognitive Outcomes of Subchronic Once-Daily Intranasal Insulin Administration in Healthy Men
Open accessAbstract
Insulin acts in the brain to limit food intake and improve memory function. We have previously shown that eight weeks of intranasal insulin delivered in four daily doses of 40 IU decrease body weight and enhance word list recall. In the present study, we investigated the effect on body composition, endocrine parameters and memory performance of eight weeks of once-daily administration of 160 IU in healthy men. We assumed that intranasal insulin administered before nocturnal sleep, a period of relative metabolic inactivity that moreover benefits memory formation, would be superior to insulin delivery in the morning and placebo administration. After a two-week baseline period, healthy male normal-weight subjects (mean age, 27.1 ± 0.9 years) received either placebo, 160 IU intranasal insulin in the morning, or 160 IU in the evening (n=12 per group) for eight consecutive weeks. Throughout the experiment, we measured body weight and body composition as well as circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, adrenocorticotropin, cortisol, growth hormone, insulin-like growth-factor 1, adiponectin, and leptin. Declarative and procedural memory function was repeatedly assessed by means of, respectively, word list recall and word-stem priming. We found that neither morning nor evening insulin compared to placebo administration induced discernible changes in body weight and body composition. Delayed recall of words showed slight improvements by insulin administration in the evening, and serum cortisol concentrations were reduced after two weeks of insulin administration in the morning compared to the other groups. Results indicate that catabolic long-term effects of central nervous insulin delivery necessitate repetitive, presumably pre-meal delivery schedules. The observed memory improvements, although generally weaker than previously found effects, suggest that sleep after intranasal insulin administration may support its beneficial cognitive impact.
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Once-daily pre-sleep or post-sleep administration of 160 IU IN insulin for 8 weeks did not reduce body weight in healthy men.
“However, the once-daily pre-sleep (or, for that matter, post-sleep) administration of 160 IU of IN insulin for 8 weeks did not reduce body weight in healthy men”
From Intranasal insulin (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
Daily IN administration of 160 IU insulin vs placebo before nocturnal sleep triggers modest improvements in declarative memory after 5 weeks of treatment in healthy male individuals.
“the daily IN administration of 160 IU of insulin vs. placebo before nocturnal sleep triggers modest improvements in declarative memory after 5 weeks of treatment.66”
From Intranasal insulin (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
Post-hoc median-split analyses suggest that the declarative-memory effect of IN insulin is more pronounced in participants with relatively high compared to relatively low systemic insulin sensitivity.
“post-hoc median-split analyses of these results suggest that this effect is more pronounced in participants with relatively high compared to those with relatively low systemic insulin sensitivity.66”
From Intranasal insulin (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Ritze, Y., Kern, W., Ebner, E.-M., Jahn, S., Benedict, C., & Hallschmid, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Helmholtz Munich (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hallschmid, Manfred
- Venue
- Frontiers in Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-11-13
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 663-663
- ISSN
- 1664-2392 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6262365
- OpenAlex
- W2898382268
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 1.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Endocrinology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB654, 01GI0925)
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01GI0925)
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF14OC0009349)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- intranasal insulin, memory, word list recall, cortisol, body composition, body weight, sleep timing, ACTH, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, leptin, adiponectin, healthy men
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