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Monkeys reject unequal pay

Brosnan, Sarah F., de Waal, Frans B. M.·2003·Nature
DOI 10.1038/nature01963
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Abstract

During the evolution of cooperation it may have become critical for individuals to compare their own efforts and pay-offs with those of others. Negative reactions may occur when expectations are violated. One theory proposes that aversion to inequity can explain human cooperation within the bounds of the rational choice model, and may in fact be more inclusive than previous explanations. Although there exists substantial cultural variation in its particulars, this 'sense of fairness' is probably a human universal that has been shown to prevail in a wide variety of circumstances. However, we are not the only cooperative animals, hence inequity aversion may not be uniquely human. Many highly cooperative nonhuman species seem guided by a set of expectations about the outcome of cooperation and the division of resources. Here we demonstrate that a nonhuman primate, the brown capuchin monkey (Cebus apella), responds negatively to unequal reward distribution in exchanges with a human experimenter. Monkeys refused to participate if they witnessed a conspecific obtain a more attractive reward for equal effort, an effect amplified if the partner received such a reward without any effort at all. These reactions support an early evolutionary origin of inequity aversion.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nature01963

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  • Brosnan and De Waal found that capuchin monkeys and chimpanzees refused to collaborate if they watched a conspecific obtain a more desirable food reward for equal or even less effort.

    “Their findings illustrate that the animals refused to collaborate if they watched a conspecific obtain a more desirable food reward for equal or even less effort [56,57].”

    From Therapy Dog Welfare Revisited: A Review of the Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [56]

Citations

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Metadata

Authors
Brosnan, S. F., & de Waal, F. B. M.
Venue
Nature
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2003-09
Volume
425
Issue
6955
Pages
297-299
ISSN
  • 0028-0836
  • 1476-4687
DOI
10.1038/nature01963
Cited by
912
References
2
Language
en
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)

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