Cited by 247DNA Repair MechanismsDNA and Nucleic Acid ChemistryCarcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment

Preferential cis–syn thymine dimer bypass by DNA polymerase η occurs with biased fidelity

McCulloch, Scott D., Kokoska, Robert J., Masutani, Chikahide, Iwai, Shigenori, Hanaoka, Fumio, Kunkel, Thomas A.·2004·Nature

Abstract

Human DNA polymerase eta (Pol eta) modulates susceptibility to skin cancer by promoting DNA synthesis past sunlight-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers that escape nucleotide excision repair (NER). Here we have determined the efficiency and fidelity of dimer bypass. We show that Pol eta copies thymine dimers and the flanking bases with higher processivity than it copies undamaged DNA, and then switches to less processive synthesis. This ability of Pol eta to sense the dimer location as synthesis proceeds may facilitate polymerase switching before and after lesion bypass. Pol eta bypasses a dimer with low fidelity and with higher error rates at the 3' thymine than at the 5' thymine. A similar bias is seen with Sulfolobus solfataricus DNA polymerase 4, which forms a Watson-Crick base pair at the 3' thymine of a dimer but a Hoogsteen base pair at the 5' thymine (ref. 3). Ultraviolet-induced mutagenesis is also higher at the 3' base of dipyrimidine sequences. Thus, in normal people and particularly in individuals with NER-defective xeroderma pigmentosum who accumulate dimers, errors made by Pol eta during dimer bypass could contribute to mutagenesis and skin cancer.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nature02352

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  • Both Dpo4 and human Pol η have higher fidelity at the 5' T of a thymine-thymine dimer than at the 3' T, and human Pol η has slightly higher fidelity at the 5' T of a dimer than at the equivalent undamaged T.

    “This may have implications for the fidelity of lesion bypass, because both Dpo4 and human Pol ␩ have higher fidelity at the 5Ј T of a dimer than at the 3Ј T, and surprisingly, the fidelity of human Pol ␩ is slightly higher at the 5Ј T of a dimer than at the equivalent undamaged T (47).”

    From DNA Replication Fidelity (2004) · cites this paper as [47]

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Authors
McCulloch, S. D., Kokoska, R. J., Masutani, C., Iwai, S., Hanaoka, F., & Kunkel, T. A.
Affiliations
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • The University of Osaka (JP)
  • RIKEN (JP)
Corresponding author
Kunkel, Thomas A.
Venue
Nature
Published
2004-03
Volume
428
Issue
6978
Pages
97-100
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W1581236180
Cited by
246
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
FWCI
8.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
Wellcome Trust
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Keywords
DNA polymerase eta, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, polymerase fidelity, polymerase processivity, nucleotide excision repair, xeroderma pigmentosum, UV mutagenesis, Hoogsteen base pairing, skin cancer predisposition
MeSH terms
Y-Family DNA Polymerases, DNA, DNA Damage, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Humans, Hydrogen Bonding, Pyrimidine Dimers, Mutagenesis, Sulfolobus, Base Pairing

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