The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Systematic RNA interference reveals that oncogenic KRAS-driven cancers require TBK1
Open accessAbstract
The proto-oncogene KRAS is mutated in a wide array of human cancers, most of which are aggressive and respond poorly to standard therapies. Although the identification of specific oncogenes has led to the development of clinically effective, molecularly targeted therapies in some cases, KRAS has remained refractory to this approach. A complementary strategy for targeting KRAS is to identify gene products that, when inhibited, result in cell death only in the presence of an oncogenic allele. Here we have used systematic RNA interference to detect synthetic lethal partners of oncogenic KRAS and found that the non-canonical IκB kinase TBK1 was selectively essential in cells that contain mutant KRAS. Suppression of TBK1 induced apoptosis specifically in human cancer cell lines that depend on oncogenic KRAS expression. In these cells, TBK1 activated NF-κB anti-apoptotic signals involving c-Rel and BCL-XL (also known as BCL2L1) that were essential for survival, providing mechanistic insights into this synthetic lethal interaction. These observations indicate that TBK1 and NF-κB signalling are essential in KRAS mutant tumours, and establish a general approach for the rational identification of co-dependent pathways in cancer.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Subramanian, A., Tamayo, P., Mootha, V. K., Mukherjee, S., Ebert, B. L., Gillette, M. A., Paulovich, A., Pomeroy, S. L., Golub, T. R., Lander, E. S., et al. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0506580102 · Cited by 53,625
Self-citationSomatic mutations affect key pathways in lung adenocarcinoma
Ding, L., Getz, G., Wheeler, D. A., Mardis, E. R., McLellan, M. D., Cibulskis, K., Sougnez, C., Greulich, H., Muzny, D. M., Morgan, M. B., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07423 · Cited by 2,681
Self-citationA Genome-wide RNAi Screen Identifies Multiple Synthetic Lethal Interactions with the Ras Oncogene
Luo, J., Emanuele, M. J., Li, D., Creighton, C. J., Schlabach, M. R., Westbrook, T. F., Wong, K.-K., & Elledge, S. J. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.05.006 · Cited by 1,017
Cited by
Items 101–160 of 160
Conditional Selection of Genomic Alterations Dictates Cancer Evolution and Oncogenic Dependencies
Mina, M., Raynaud, F., Tavernari, D., Battistello, E., Sungalee, S., Saghafinia, S., Laessle, T., Sanchez-Vega, F., Schultz, N., Oricchio, E., et al. (2017) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2017.06.010 · Cited by 129
Faber, A. C., Coffee, E. M., Costa, C., Dastur, A., Ebi, H., Hata, A. N., Yeo, A. T., Edelman, E. J., Song, Y., Tam, A. T., et al. (2014) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0315 · Cited by 124
Self-citationThe genetics and biology of KRAS in lung cancer
Westcott, P. M. K., & To, M. D. (2013) · Chinese Journal of Cancer · doi:10.5732/cjc.012.10098 · Cited by 116
Chakravarty, E. F., Martyanov, V., Fiorentino, D., Wood, T. A., Haddon, D. J., Jarrell, J. A., Utz, P. J., Genovese, M. C., Whitfield, M. L., & Chung, L. (2015) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0669-3 · Cited by 117
Molina-Sánchez, P., Ruiz de Galarreta, M., Yao, M. A., Lindblad, K. E., Bresnahan, E., Bitterman, E., Martin, T. C., Rubenstein, T., Nie, K., Golas, J., et al. (2020) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.08.015 · Cited by 117
An LKB1–SIK Axis Suppresses Lung Tumor Growth and Controls Differentiation
Murray, C. W., Brady, J. J., Tsai, M. K., Li, C., Winters, I. P., Tang, R., Andrejka, L., Ma, R. K., Kunder, C. A., Chu, P., et al. (2019) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-1237 · Cited by 111
TBK1, a central kinase in innate immune sensing of nucleic acids and beyond
Zhou, R., Zhang, Q., & Xu, P. (2020) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.1093/abbs/gmaa051 · Cited by 104
Linares, J., Sallent-Aragay, A., Badia-Ramentol, J., Recort-Bascuas, A., Méndez, A., Manero-Rupérez, N., Re, D. L., Rivas, E. I., Guiu, M., Zwick, M., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36334-1 · Cited by 109
Improving prospects for targeting RAS
Singh, H., Longo, D. L., & Chabner, B. A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2015.62.1052 · Cited by 107
Van Schaeybroeck, S., Kalimutho, M., Dunne, P. D., Carson, R., Allen, W., Jithesh, P. V., Redmond, K. L., Sasazuki, T., Shirasawa, S., Blayney, J., et al. (2014) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2014.05.032 · Cited by 106
A RAS Renaissance: Emerging Targeted Therapies for KRAS-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Vasan, N., Boyer, J. L., & Herbst, R. S. (2014) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1762 · Cited by 102
KRAS Protein Stability Is Regulated through SMURF2: UBCH5 Complex-Mediated β-TrCP1 Degradation
Shukla, S., Allam, U. S., Ahsan, A., Chen, G., Krishnamurthy, P. M., Marsh, K., Rumschlag, M., Shankar, S., Whitehead, C., Schipper, M., et al. (2014) · Neoplasia · doi:10.1593/neo.14184 · Cited by 96
HPV E2, E4, E5 drive alternative carcinogenic pathways in HPV positive cancers
Ren, S., Gaykalova, D. A., Guo, T., Favorov, A. V., Fertig, E. J., Tamayo, P., Callejas-Valera, J. L., Allevato, M., Gilardi, M., Santos, J., et al. (2020) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-020-01431-8 · Cited by 93
Self-citationTang, K.-J., Constanzo, J. D., Venkateswaran, N., Melegari, M., Ilcheva, M., Morales, J. C., Skoulidis, F., Heymach, J. V., Boothman, D. A., & Scaglioni, P. P. (2016) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2603 · Cited by 91
Synthetic Lethal Vulnerabilities in KRAS-Mutant Cancers
Aguirre, A. J., & Hahn, W. C. (2018) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a031518 · Cited by 90
Self-citationDifferential Reprogramming of Isogenic Colorectal Cancer Cells by Distinct Activating KRAS Mutations
Hammond, D. E., Mageean, C. J., Rusilowicz, E. V., Wickenden, J. A., Clague, M. J., & Prior, I. A. (2015) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/pr501191a · Cited by 81
Mitra, R., Adams, C. M., Jiang, W., Greenawalt, E., & Eischen, C. M. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14713-2 · Cited by 81
Li, Y., Xu, C., Wang, B., Xu, F., Ma, F., Qu, Y., Jiang, D., Li, K., Feng, J., Tian, S., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33282-0 · Cited by 80
RAS Mutations and Oncogenesis: Not all RAS Mutations are Created Equally
Miller, M. S., & Miller, L. D. (2012) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2011.00100 · Cited by 76
Overcoming Resistance to Dual Innate Immune and MEK Inhibition Downstream of KRAS
Kitajima, S., Asahina, H., Chen, T., Guo, S., Quiceno, L. G., Cavanaugh, J. D., Merlino, A. A., Tange, S., Terai, H., Kim, J. W., et al. (2018) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2018.08.009 · Cited by 75
Self-citationYAP1 oncogene is a context-specific driver for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Tu, B., Yao, J., Ferri-Borgogno, S., Zhao, J., Chen, S., Wang, Q., Yan, L., Zhou, X., Zhu, C., Bang, S., et al. (2019) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.130811 · Cited by 75
A functional genetic screen defines the AKT-induced senescence signaling network
Chan, K. T., Blake, S., Zhu, H., Kang, J., Trigos, A. S., Madhamshettiwar, P. B., Diesch, J., Paavolainen, L., Horvath, P., Hannan, R. D., et al. (2020) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-019-0384-8 · Cited by 71
Liang, J., Zhao, H., Diplas, B. H., Liu, S., Liu, J., Wang, D., Lu, Y., Zhu, Q., Wu, J., Wang, W., et al. (2020) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3374 · Cited by 75
Hata, A. N., Yeo, A., Faber, A. C., Lifshits, E., Chen, Z., Cheng, K. A., Walton, Z., Sarosiek, K. A., Letai, A., Heist, R. S., et al. (2014) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3728 · Cited by 74
Acha-Sagredo, A., Andrei, P., Clayton, K., Taggart, E., Antoniotti, C., Woodman, C. A., Afrache, H., Fourny, C., Armero, M., Moinudeen, H. K., et al. (2025) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2024.12.008 · Cited by 71
Li, Y., Jiang, M., Aye, L., Luo, L., Zhang, Y., Xu, F., Wei, Y., Peng, D., He, X., Gu, J., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45340-w · Cited by 71
Neel, N. F., Rossman, K. L., Martin, T. D., Hayes, T. K., Yeh, J. J., & Der, C. J. (2012) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.06291-11 · Cited by 71
RalBP1 is necessary for metastasis of human cancer cell lines
Wu, Z., Owens, C., Chandra, N., Popovic, K., Conaway, M., & Theodorescu, D. (2010) · Neoplasia · doi:10.1593/neo.101080 · Cited by 70
Conserved rules govern genetic interaction degree across species
Koch, E. N., Costanzo, M., Bellay, J., Deshpande, R., Chatfield-Reed, K., Chua, G., D'Urso, G., Andrews, B. J., Boone, C., & Myers, C. L. (2012) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2012-13-7-r57 · Cited by 68
Moran, D. M., Trusk, P. B., Pry, K., Paz, K., Sidransky, D., & Bacus, S. S. (2014) · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0649 · Cited by 64
A Comparative Genomic Approach for Identifying Synthetic Lethal Interactions in Human Cancer
Deshpande, R., Asiedu, M. K., Klebig, M., Sutor, S., Kuzmin, E., Nelson, J., Piotrowski, J., Ho Shin, S., Yoshida, M., Costanzo, M., et al. (2013) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3956 · Cited by 64
Li, M., Lin, A., Luo, P., Shen, W., Xiao, D., Gou, L., Zhang, J., & Guo, L. (2020) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.102683 · Cited by 62
Zaanan, A., Okamoto, K., Kawakami, H., Khazaie, K., Huang, S., & Sinicrope, F. A. (2015) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.657833 · Cited by 59
Antiangiogenic immunotherapy suppresses desmoplastic and chemoresistant intestinal tumors in mice
Ragusa, S., Prat-Luri, B., González-Loyola, A., Nassiri, S., Squadrito, M. L., Guichard, A., Cavin, S., Gjorevski, N., Barras, D., Marra, G., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci129558 · Cited by 56
A proteome-wide map of 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol interactors in cell membranes
Cheng, Y.-S., Zhang, T., Ma, X., Pratuangtham, S., Zhang, G. C., Ondrus, A. A., Mafi, A., Lomenick, B., Jones, J. J., & Ondrus, A. E. (2021) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/s41589-021-00907-2 · Cited by 56
miR-1298 Inhibits Mutant KRAS-Driven Tumor Growth by Repressing FAK and LAMB3
Zhou, Y., Dang, J., Chang, K.-Y., Yau, E., Aza-Blanc, P., Moscat, J., & Rana, T. M. (2016) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2936 · Cited by 54
Guillén Díaz-Maroto, N., Sanz-Pamplona, R., Berdiel-Acer, M., Cimas, F. J., García, E., Gonçalves-Ribeiro, S., Albert, N., Garcia-Vicién, G., Capella, G., Moreno, V., et al. (2019) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3957 · Cited by 51
Yu, L., Wu, D., Gao, H., Balic, J. J., Tsykin, A., Han, T.-S., Liu, Y. D., Kennedy, C. L., Li, J. K., Mao, J. Q., et al. (2018) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2485 · Cited by 50
“A "single sample" extension of Geneset Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) score (24) was defined an enrichment score that represented the degree of absolute enrichment of the 15 genes targeted by the miR-200 family in each sample within a given data set (25).”
BackgroundConcurrent loss of the Y chromosome in cancer and T cells impacts outcome
Chen, X., Shen, Y., Choi, S., Abdel-Hafiz, H. A., Basu, M., Hoelzen, L., Tufano, M., Kailasam Mani, S. K., Ranjpour, M., Zhu, J., et al. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09071-2 · Cited by 50
Choi, J., Lee, K., Ingvarsdottir, K., Bonasio, R., Saraf, A., Florens, L., Washburn, M. P., Tadros, S., Green, M. R., & Busino, L. (2018) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41556-018-0084-5 · Cited by 50
Gong, Z., Jia, Q., Chen, J., Diao, X., Gao, J., Wang, X., & Zhu, B. (2019) · Journal of Thoracic Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2019.01.024 · Cited by 43
Zhu, X., Tian, X., Ji, L., Zhang, X., Cao, Y., Shen, C., Hu, Y., Wong, J. W. H., Fang, J.-Y., Hong, J., et al. (2021) · npj Precision Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41698-021-00142-x · Cited by 41
Prediction of Genetic Interactions Using Machine Learning and Network Properties
Madhukar, N. S., Elemento, O., & Pandey, G. (2015) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2015.00172 · Cited by 39
Liu, S., Marneth, A. E., Alexe, G., Walker, S. R., Gandler, H. I., Ye, D. Q., Labella, K., Mathur, R., Toniolo, P. A., Tillgren, M., et al. (2018) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018016733 · Cited by 33
Self-citationRao, G., Kim, I.-K., Conforti, F., Liu, J., Zhang, Y.-W., & Giaccone, G. (2018) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2018.05.013 · Cited by 34
Guidelines for using sigQC for systematic evaluation of gene signatures
Dhawan, A., Barberis, A., Cheng, W.-C., Domingo, E., West, C., Maughan, T., Scott, J. G., Harris, A. L., & Buffa, F. M. (2019) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/s41596-019-0136-8 · Cited by 31
Drilon, A., Schoenfeld, A. J., Arbour, K. C., Litvak, A., Ni, A., Montecalvo, J., Yu, H. A., Panora, E., Ahn, L., Kennedy, M., et al. (2019) · Molecular Case Studies · doi:10.1101/mcs.a003665 · Cited by 31
Herbrich, S., Chaib, M., Anandhan, S., Andrewes, S. W., Nagarajan, A., Guan, B., Gandhi, N., Gilliam, J., Radovich, M., & Sharma, P. (2026) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2025.09.011 · Cited by 30
Mitra, A., Andrews, M. C., Roh, W., De Macedo, M. P., Hudgens, C. W., Carapeto, F., Singh, S., Reuben, A., Wang, F., Mao, X., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15538-9 · Cited by 27
Cancer Cells Enter an Adaptive Persistence to Survive Radiotherapy and Repopulate Tumor
Zhao, Y., Lu, T., Song, Y., Wen, Y., Deng, Z., Fan, J., Zhao, M., Zhao, R., Luo, Y., xie, J., et al. (2023) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202204177 · Cited by 29
Xu, Y., Zhang, J., Hu, Y., Li, X., Sun, L., Peng, Y., Sun, Y., Liu, B., Bian, Z., & Rong, Z. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109524 · Cited by 27
Li, G.-Q., Wang, Y.-K., Zhou, H., Jin, L.-G., Wang, C.-Y., Albahde, M., Wu, Y., Li, H.-Y., Zhang, W.-K., Li, B.-H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.630355 · Cited by 24
ProteoMixture: A cell type deconvolution tool for bulk tissue proteomic data
Teng, P.-N., Schaaf, J. P., Abulez, T., Hood, B. L., Wilson, K. N., Litzi, T. J., Mitchell, D., Conrads, K. A., Hunt, A. L., Olowu, V., et al. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109198 · Cited by 21
Sacco, A., Federico, C., Todoerti, K., Ziccheddu, B., Palermo, V., Giacomini, A., Ravelli, C., Maccarinelli, F., Bianchi, G., Belotti, A., et al. (2021) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2020010572 · Cited by 20
Traphagen, N. A., Schwartz, G. N., Tau, S., Roberts, A. M., Jiang, A., Hosford, S. R., Marotti, J. D., Goen, A. E., Romo, B. A., Johnson, A. L., et al. (2023) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0488 · Cited by 20
Lu, W., Li, Y., Dai, Y., & Chen, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.900810 · Cited by 18
Ebi, H., Faber, A. C., Engelman, J. A., & Yano, S. (2014) · Cancer Science · doi:10.1111/cas.12383 · Cited by 18
Kim, J.-Y., Beg, A. A., & Haura, E. B. (2013) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1517/14728222.2013.833188 · Cited by 17
Li, L., Wu, Q., Lin, Z., Liang, S., Fu, Q., Wei, Y., Wang, B., & Su, T. (2026) · Radiotherapy and Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2025.111225 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Barbie, D. A., Tamayo, P., Boehm, J. S., Kim, S. Y., Moody, S. E., Dunn, I. F., Schinzel, A. C., Sandy, P., Meylan, E., Scholl, C., Fröhling, S., Chan, E. M., Sos, M. L., Michel, K., Mermel, C., Silver, S. J., Weir, B. A., Reiling, J. H., Sheng, Q., Gupta, P. B., Wadlow, R. C., Le, H., Hoersch, S., Wittner, B. S., Ramaswamy, S., Livingston, D. M., Sabatini, D. M., Meyerson, M., Thomas, R. K., Lander, E. S., Mesirov, J. P., Root, D. E., Gilliland, D. G., Jacks, T., & Hahn, W. C.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2009-10-21
- Volume
- 462
- Issue
- 7269
- Pages
- 108-112
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2123879591
- Cited by
- 3,890
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 28.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.