Cited by 926Inflammasome and immune disordersAtherosclerosis and Cardiovascular DiseasesLipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health

NLRP3 Inflammasome and the IL-1 Pathway in Atherosclerosis

Grebe, Alena, Hoss, Florian, Latz, Eicke·2018·Circulation Research

Abstract

Inflammation is an important driver of atherosclerosis, the underlying pathology of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of inflammatory pathways is suggested to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. This concept was recently proven by CANTOS (Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study), which demonstrated the therapeutic potential of the monoclonal IL (interleukin)-1β–neutralizing antibody canakinumab. IL-1β and other IL-1 family cytokines are important vascular and systemic inflammatory mediators, which contribute to atherogenesis. The NLRP3 (NOD [nucleotide oligomerization domain]-, LRR [leucine-rich repeat]-, and PYD [pyrin domain]-containing protein 3) inflammasome, an innate immune signaling complex, is the key mediator of IL-1 family cytokine production in atherosclerosis. NLRP3 is activated by various endogenous danger signals abundantly present in atherosclerotic lesions, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol crystals. Consequently, NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the vascular inflammatory response driving atherosclerosis development and progression. Here, we review the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and proinflammatory IL-1 family cytokine production in the context of atherosclerosis and discuss treatment possibilities in light of the positive outcomes of the CANTOS trial.

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Crossref · 10.1161/circresaha.118.311362

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226 of 226 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • OxLDL primes and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages in mouse models of atherosclerosis: it primes via the CD36-TLR4-TLR6 complex and, after lysosomal transport, activates via cholesterol crystallization and lysosomal damage.

    “OxLDL has been shown both to prime and to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages in mouse models of atherosclerosis: first, oxLDL primes the NLRP3 inflammasome by binding to the CD36–TLR4–TLR6 signalling complex on the macrophage surface and, then, after having been transported to lysosomes, the oxLDL activates the NLRP3 inflammasome via induction of cholesterol crystallization and ensuing”
  • In cultured macrophages, modified lipoproteins such as oxLDL induce autophagy, apoptosis, pyroptosis through NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and necroptosis.

    “Uptake of modified lipoproteins, such as oxLDL, has been shown in cultured macrophages to induce autophagy168, apoptosis170, pyroptosis (via induction of NRLP3 inflammasome activation72) and necroptosis169.”

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Authors
Grebe, A., Hoss, F., & Latz, E.
Affiliations
  • University Hospital Bonn (DE)
  • University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
Venue
Circulation Research
Published
2018-06-08
Volume
122
Issue
12
Pages
1722-1740
ISSN
  • 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4571
OpenAlex
W2807678985
Cited by
926
References
226
Citations by year
2026: 102 · 2025: 122 · 2024: 144 · 2023: 146 · 2022: 150 · 2021: 121 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 13 · 2013: 1
FWCI
6.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Circulation Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DZNE Pub (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL112661)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Keywords
NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1β, atherosclerosis, inflammation, canakinumab, CANTOS trial, innate immunity, oxidized LDL, cholesterol crystals, IL-1 family cytokines, atherogenesis, cardiovascular disease
MeSH terms
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humans, Inflammation, Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6, Disease Progression, Interleukin-18, Atherosclerosis, Mice, Interleukin-1beta, Inflammasomes, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

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