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Postglacial viability and colonization in North America’s ice-free corridor

Pedersen, Mikkel W., Ruter, Anthony, Schweger, Charles, Friebe, Harvey, Staff, Richard A., Kjeldsen, Kristian K., Mendoza, Marie L. Z., Beaudoin, Alwynne B., Zutter, Cynthia, Larsen, Nicolaj K., Potter, Ben A., Nielsen, Rasmus, Rainville, Rebecca A., Orlando, Ludovic, Meltzer, David J., Kjær, Kurt H., Willerslev, Eske·2016·Nature
DOI 10.1038/nature19085
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Abstract

During the Last Glacial Maximum, continental ice sheets isolated Beringia (northeast Siberia and northwest North America) from unglaciated North America. By around 15 to 14 thousand calibrated radiocarbon years before present (cal. kyr bp), glacial retreat opened an approximately 1,500-km-long corridor between the ice sheets. It remains unclear when plants and animals colonized this corridor and it became biologically viable for human migration. We obtained radiocarbon dates, pollen, macrofossils and metagenomic DNA from lake sediment cores in a bottleneck portion of the corridor. We find evidence of steppe vegetation, bison and mammoth by approximately 12.6 cal. kyr bp, followed by open forest, with evidence of moose and elk at about 11.5 cal. kyr bp, and boreal forest approximately 10 cal. kyr bp. Our findings reveal that the first Americans, whether Clovis or earlier groups in unglaciated North America before 12.6 cal. kyr bp, are unlikely to have travelled by this route into the Americas. However, later groups may have used this north-south passageway.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nature19085

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10 of 10 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • PCR amplification can significantly alter library composition because DNA polymerases show preferences for templates of particular sizes and/or base composition and differ in proofreading capabilities for bypassing post-mortem DNA damage.

    “PCR, however, does not simply restore sufficient amounts of material for downstream manipulation; it can also significantly alter the library composition as DNA polymerases show various preferences for templates of particular sizes and/or base composition 150 , as well as differing in 'proofreading' capabilities for bypassing post-mortem DNA damage 48,151 .”

    From Ancient DNA analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [48]

  • Current eDNA approaches build on shotgun metagenomics and more economical techniques involving target-enrichment.

    “Current approaches build on shotgun metagenomics 48 and more economical techniques involving target-enrichment 49,326 .”

    From Ancient DNA analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [48]

  • eDNA has provided insights into spatial and temporal distribution of animal species, including extinct hominins, and impact of global climatic change.

    “Environmental DNA has also provided insights into the spatial and temporal distribution of animal species, including extinct hominins 49 , and the impact of global climatic change 22,48,90,91,328 .”

    From Ancient DNA analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [48]

  • Other studies propose even later Ice-Free Corridor viability after about 12.6 ka.

    “with other studies proposing even later IFC viability after ∼12.6 ka (27).”

    From The age of the opening of the Ice-Free Corridor and implications for the peopling of the Americas (2022) · cites this paper as [27]

  • Evidence of steppe vegetation and a variety of animals first appears at about 12.6 ka at Charlie Lake and Spring Lake.

    “where evidence of steppe vegetation and a variety of animals first appears at ∼12.6 ka (27)”

    From The age of the opening of the Ice-Free Corridor and implications for the peopling of the Americas (2022) · cites this paper as [27]

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Metadata

Authors
Pedersen, M. W., Ruter, A., Schweger, C., Friebe, H., Staff, R. A., Kjeldsen, K. K., Mendoza, M. L. Z., Beaudoin, A. B., Zutter, C., Larsen, N. K., Potter, B. A., Nielsen, R., Rainville, R. A., Orlando, L., Meltzer, D. J., Kjær, K. H., & Willerslev, E.
Venue
Nature
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2016-08-10
Volume
537
Issue
7618
Pages
45-49
ISSN
  • 0028-0836
  • 1476-4687
DOI
10.1038/nature19085
Cited by
369
References
10
Language
en
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)

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