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Ancient and modern environmental DNA

Pedersen, Mikkel Winther, Overballe-Petersen, Søren, Ermini, Luca, Sarkissian, Clio Der, Haile, James, Hellstrom, Micaela, Spens, Johan, Thomsen, Philip Francis, Bohmann, Kristine, Cappellini, Enrico, Schnell, Ida Bærholm, Wales, Nathan A., Carøe, Christian, Campos, Paula F., Schmidt, Astrid M. Z., Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Hansen, Anders J., Orlando, Ludovic, Willerslev, Eske·2015·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Abstract

DNA obtained from environmental samples such as sediments, ice or water (environmental DNA, eDNA), represents an important source of information on past and present biodiversity. It has revealed an ancient forest in Greenland, extended by several thousand years the survival dates for mainland woolly mammoth in Alaska, and pushed back the dates for spruce survival in Scandinavian ice-free refugia during the last glaciation. More recently, eDNA was used to uncover the past 50 000 years of vegetation history in the Arctic, revealing massive vegetation turnover at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, with implications for the extinction of megafauna. Furthermore, eDNA can reflect the biodiversity of extant flora and fauna, both qualitatively and quantitatively, allowing detection of rare species. As such, trace studies of plant and vertebrate DNA in the environment have revolutionized our knowledge of biogeography. However, the approach remains marred by biases related to DNA behaviour in environmental settings, incomplete reference databases and false positive results due to contamination. We provide a review of the field.

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  • DNA has been shown to be mobile in sediments in a range of environments and is relatively easy to degrade.

    “DNA has been shown to be mobile in sediments in a range of environments and is also relatively easy to degrade.”
  • Coprophagy in canids is well-recognized and could explain both the presence of carnivore-derived lipids and human mtDNA, but it is unlikely that humans were eating carnivores.

    “Coprophagy in canids is a well-recognized phenomenon (34) and could explain both the presence of carnivore-derived lipids and human mtDNA, but it is unlikely that humans were eating carnivores as suggested by Gilbert and coworkers (6).”

    From Pre-Clovis occupation of the Americas identified by human fecal biomarkers in coprolites from Paisley Caves, Oregon (2020) · cites this paper as [6]

    The citation is attached to the statement that coprophagy in canids is well recognized. Searches of our copy for “coprophagy” and for dogs eating feces found no passage addressing that behavior; the closest material concerns fecal DNA analysis (References, entries 25–26). The later explanation involving lipids and human mtDNA is not specifically attributed to this citation. (LLM, conf=0.75)

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Metadata

Authors
Pedersen, M. W., Overballe-Petersen, S., Ermini, L., Sarkissian, C. D., Haile, J., Hellstrom, M., Spens, J., Thomsen, P. F., Bohmann, K., Cappellini, E., Schnell, I. B., Wales, N. A., Carøe, C., Campos, P. F., Schmidt, A. M. Z., Gilbert, M. T. P., Hansen, A. J., Orlando, L., & Willerslev, E.
Affiliations
Centre for GeoGenetics, The Natural History Museum of Denmark, Oester Voldgade 5–7, Copenhagen C 1350, Denmark
Venue
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Published
2015-01-19
Volume
370
Issue
1660
Pages
20130383
ISSN
  • 0962-8436
  • 1471-2970
Cited by
329
References
7
Language
en

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