The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Design and synthesis of digitally encoded polymers that can be decoded and erased
Open accessAbstract
Biopolymers such as DNA store information in their chains using controlled sequences of monomers. Here we describe a non-natural information-containing macromolecule that can store and retrieve digital information. Monodisperse sequence-encoded poly(alkoxyamine amide)s were synthesized using an iterative strategy employing two chemoselective steps: the reaction of a primary amine with an acid anhydride and the radical coupling of a carbon-centred radical with a nitroxide. A binary code was implemented in the polymer chains using three monomers: one nitroxide spacer and two interchangeable anhydrides defined as 0-bit and 1-bit. This methodology allows encryption of any desired sequence in the chains. Moreover, the formed sequences are easy to decode using tandem mass spectrometry. Indeed, these polymers follow predictable fragmentation pathways that can be easily deciphered. Moreover, poly(alkoxyamine amide)s are thermolabile. Thus, the digital information encrypted in the chains can be erased by heating the polymers in the solid state or in solution.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Next-Generation Digital Information Storage in DNA
Church, G. M., Gao, Y., & Kosuri, S. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1226355 · Cited by 1,441
Lutz, J.-F., Ouchi, M., Liu, D. R., & Sawamoto, M. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1238149 · Cited by 1,381
Self-citationZuckermann, R. N., Kerr, J. M., Kent, S. B. H., & Moos, W. H. (1992) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00052a076 · Cited by 1,277
Towards Practical, High-Capacity, Low-Maintenance Information Storage in Synthesized DNA
Goldman, N., Bertone, P., Chen, S., Dessimoz, C., LeProust, E. M., Sipos, B., & Birney, E. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11875 · Cited by 1,220
Polymers with Very Low Polydispersities from Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Patten, T. E., Xia, J., Abernathy, T., & Matyjaszewski, K. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5263.866 · Cited by 866
Striegel, A. M., Yau, W. W., Kirkland, J. J., & Bly, D. D. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470442876 · Cited by 855
Robust Chemical Preservation of Digital Information on DNA in Silica with Error-Correcting Codes
Grass, R. N., Heckel, R., Puddu, M., Paunescu, D., & Stark, W. J. (2015) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201411378 · Cited by 754
Sequence-Specific Peptide Synthesis by an Artificial Small-Molecule Machine
Lewandowski, B., Bo, G. D., Ward, J. W., Papmeyer, M., Kuschel, S., Aldegunde, M. J., Gramlich, P. M. E., Heckmann, D., Goldup, S. M., D'Souza, D. M., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1229753 · Cited by 724
Dynamers: dynamic molecular and supramolecular polymers
Lehn, J.-M. (2005) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2005.06.002 · Cited by 636
Dynamic covalent polymers: Reorganizable polymers with dynamic covalent bonds
Maeda, T., Otsuka, H., & Takahara, A. (2009) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2009.03.001 · Cited by 551
Solid Phase Synthesis (Nobel Lecture)
Merrifield, R. B. (1985) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.198507993 · Cited by 365
Ecker, J. R., Bickmore, W. A., Barroso, I., Pritchard, J. K., Gilad, Y., & Segal, E. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/489052a · Cited by 277
Factors Influencing the C−O−Bond Homolysis of Trialkylhydroxylamines
Marque, S., Le Mercier, C., Tordo, P., & Fischer, H. (2000) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma9918452 · Cited by 269
Sequence Control in Polymer Chemistry through the Passerini Three‐Component Reaction
Solleder, S. C., & Meier, M. A. R. (2014) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201308960 · Cited by 268
Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Various Alkoxyamines for Stable Free Radical Polymerization
Matyjaszewski, K. A., Woodworth, B. E., Zhang, X. K., Gaynor, S. G., & Metzner, Z. (1998) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma9807264 · Cited by 242
Information-containing macromolecules
Colquhoun, H., & Lutz, J.-F. (2014) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.1958 · Cited by 228
Self-citationSequence-Defined Polymers via Orthogonal Allyl Acrylamide Building Blocks
Porel, M., & Alabi, C. A. (2014) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja507262t · Cited by 221
Multifunctionalized Sequence‐Defined Oligomers from a Single Building Block
Espeel, P., Carrette, L. L. G., Bury, K., Capenberghs, S., Martins, J. C., Du Prez, F. E., & Madder, A. (2013) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201307439 · Cited by 218
Niu, J., Hili, R., & Liu, D. R. (2013) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.1577 · Cited by 213
Fragmentation pathways of polymer ions
Wesdemiotis, C., Solak, N., Polce, M. J., Dabney, D. E., Chaicharoen, K., & Katzenmeyer, B. C. (2011) · Mass Spectrometry Reviews · doi:10.1002/mas.20282 · Cited by 207
Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Block Copolymers Containing Sequence-Ordered Segments
Pfeifer, S., Zarafshani, Z., Badi, N., & Lutz, J.-F. (2009) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja903635y · Cited by 192
Self-citationNonequilibrium generation of information in copolymerization processes
Andrieux, D., & Gaspard, P. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0802049105 · Cited by 182
Reading Polymers: Sequencing of Natural and Synthetic Macromolecules
Mutlu, H., & Lutz, J. (2014) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201406766 · Cited by 177
Self-citationLutz, J., & Matyjaszewski, K. (2005) · Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1002/pola.20548 · Cited by 171
Self-citationBertin, D., Gigmès, D., Marque, S. R. A., & Tordo, P. (2005) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma050004u · Cited by 170
Multistep DNA‐Templated Reactions for the Synthesis of Functional Sequence Controlled Oligomers
McKee, M. L., Milnes, P. J., Bath, J., Stulz, E., Turberfield, A. J., & O’Reilly, R. K. (2010) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201002721 · Cited by 158
Synthesis of Molecularly Encoded Oligomers Using a Chemoselective “AB + CD” Iterative Approach
Trinh, T. T., Oswald, L., Chan‐Seng, D., & Lutz, J. (2013) · Macromolecular Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.201300774 · Cited by 141
Self-citationRapid, Selective, and Reversible Nitroxide Radical Coupling (NRC) Reactions at Ambient Temperature
Kulis, J., Bell, C. A., Micallef, A. S., et al. (2009) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma9014565 · Cited by 126
Comb Polymers Prepared by ATRP from Hydroxypropyl Cellulose
Östmark, E., Harrisson, S., Wooley, K. L., & Malmström, E. (2007) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm061043w · Cited by 113
Zhu, Z., Cardin, C. J., Gan, Y., & Colquhoun, H. M. (2010) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.699 · Cited by 106
Which side-reactions compromise nitroxide mediated polymerization?
Gryn’ova, G., Lin, C. Y., & Coote, M. L. (2013) · Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c3py00534h · Cited by 53
Laying the groundwork for proteomics
BIEMANN, K. (2006) · International Journal of Mass Spectrometry · doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2006.08.002 · Cited by 34
Lin, W., Huang, B., Fu, Q., Wang, G., & Huang, J. (2010) · Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1002/pola.24077 · Cited by 29
Laying the groundwork for proteomics: Mass spectrometry from 1958 to 1988
BIEMANN, K. (2014) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2014.01.008 · Cited by 23
Debromination of ATRP-made Wang soluble polymer supports
Oswald, L., Trinh, T. T., Chan‐Seng, D., & Lutz, J. (2015) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.057 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Cited by
Iterative exponential growth of stereo- and sequence-controlled polymers
Barnes, J. C., Ehrlich, D. J. C., Gao, A. X., Leibfarth, F. A., Jiang, Y., Zhou, E., Jamison, T. F., & Johnson, J. A. (2015) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2346 · Cited by 361
Encoding information into polymers
Rutten, M. G. T. A., Vaandrager, F. W., Elemans, J. A. A. W., & Nolte, R. J. M. (2018) · Nature Reviews Chemistry · doi:10.1038/s41570-018-0051-5 · Cited by 216
Multifunctional sequence-defined macromolecules for chemical data storage.
Martens, S., Landuyt, A., Espeel, P., Devreese, B., Dawyndt, P., & Du Prez, F. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06926-3 · Cited by 180
Aerolysin nanopores decode digital information stored in tailored macromolecular analytes
Cao, C., Krapp, L. F., Al Ouahabi, A., König, N. F., Cirauqui, N., Radenovic, A., Lutz, J.-F., & Peraro, M. D. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abc2661 · Cited by 97
Self-citationData storage using peptide sequences
Ng, C. C. A., Tam, W. M., Yin, H., Wu, Q., So, P.-K., Wong, M. Y.-M., Lau, F. C. M., & Yao, Z.-P. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24496-9 · Cited by 41
Metadata
- Authors
- Roy, R. K., Meszynska, A., Laure, C., Charles, L., Verchin, C., & Lutz, J.-F.
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2015-05-26
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7237-7237
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2261548822
- Cited by
- 308
- References
- 35
- FWCI
- 21.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.