The neuroimmune guidance cue netrin-1 promotes atherosclerosis by inhibiting the emigration of macrophages from plaques
Open accessAbstract
Atherosclerotic plaque formation is fueled by the persistence of lipid-laden macrophages in the artery wall. The mechanisms by which these cells become trapped, thereby establishing chronic inflammation, remain unknown. Here we found that netrin-1, a neuroimmune guidance cue, was secreted by macrophages in human and mouse atheroma, where it inactivated the migration of macrophages toward chemokines linked to their egress from plaques. Acting via its receptor, UNC5b, netrin-1 inhibited the migration of macrophages directed by the chemokines CCL2 and CCL19, activation of the actin-remodeling GTPase Rac1 and actin polymerization. Targeted deletion of netrin-1 in macrophages resulted in much less atherosclerosis in mice deficient in the receptor for low-density lipoprotein and promoted the emigration of macrophages from plaques. Thus, netrin-1 promoted atherosclerosis by retaining macrophages in the artery wall. Our results establish a causative role for negative regulators of leukocyte migration in chronic inflammation.
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Cholesterol can leave atherosclerotic plaque by three routes: efflux to HDL for blood return, emigration of foam cells carrying cholesterol, and efferocytosis of old foam cells by efflux-competent macrophages that may then leave the lesion.
“Three mechanisms are available for cholesterol removal from the atherosclerotic plaque (FIG. 3).”
From Inflammation and its resolution in atherosclerosis: mediators and therapeutic opportunities (2019) · cites this paper as [138]
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Self-citationMacrophage activation in human diseases
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Structural Decoding of the Netrin-1/UNC5 Interaction and its Therapeutical Implications in Cancers
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Macrophages and Dendritic Cells
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Recent Advances in Managing Atherosclerosis via Nanomedicine
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Hypoxia Induces Netrin-1 and Unc5b in Atherosclerotic Plaques
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Self-citationInflammation in atherosclerosis: Lessons and therapeutic implications
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Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Contribute to Atherosclerosis Immunity
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Netrin-1 controls sympathetic arterial innervation
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Through the layers: how macrophages drive atherosclerosis across the vessel wall
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Self-citationMacrophage profiling in atherosclerosis: understanding the unstable plaque
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Ephs and ephrins resurface in inflammation, immunity, and atherosclerosis
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Human monocyte‐derived macrophages spontaneously differentiated in vitro show distinct phenotypes
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Self-citationAtherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Disease
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Neural Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Health and Disease
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Neuroimmune axis of cardiovascular control: mechanisms and therapeutic implications
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Development and Function of Arterial and Cardiac Macrophages
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Dendritic cells in atherosclerosis
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The role of monocytosis and neutrophilia in atherosclerosis
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Dysregulated cellular metabolism in atherosclerosis: mediators and therapeutic opportunities
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Regression of Atherosclerosis: Insights from Animal and Clinical Studies
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Self-citationThe Epigenetic Memory of Monocytes and Macrophages as a Novel Drug Target in Atherosclerosis
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Chemokines Control Mobilization, Recruitment, and Fate of Monocytes in Atherosclerosis
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Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation
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Self-citationFrom proliferation to proliferation: monocyte lineage comes full circle
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The neuroimmune guidance cue netrin‐1 controls resolution programs and promotes liver regeneration
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Immunomodulatory Functions of Neuronal Guidance Proteins
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Netrin-1: An emerging player in inflammatory diseases
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Regulation and consequences of monocytosis
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Cholesterol in the Cell Membrane—An Emerging Player in Atherogenesis
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Macrophage Heterogeneity and Plasticity: Impact of Macrophage Biomarkers on Atherosclerosis
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Regression of Atherosclerosis: The Journey From the Liver to the Plaque and Back.
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Syndecan-1 Modulates the Motility and Resolution Responses of Macrophages
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Netrin-1 as a novel therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease: to activate or inhibit?
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- Authors
- van Gils, J. M., Derby, M. C., Fernandes, L. R., Ramkhelawon, B., Ray, T. D., Rayner, K. J., Parathath, S., Distel, E., Feig, J. L., Alvarez-Leite, J. I., Rayner, A. J., McDonald, T. O., O'Brien, K. D., Stuart, L. M., Fisher, E. A., Lacy-Hulbert, A., & Moore, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR)
- New York University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Moore, Kathryn J
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Immunology
- Published
- 2012-01-08
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 136-143
- ISSN
- 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2916
- PMC
- PMC3262880
- OpenAlex
- W2044161694
- Cited by
- 365
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 14.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- National Institutes of Health
- Genentech
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL084312, P01HL092969, RC1HL100815)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI079198, U01AI073871)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK043351)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Keywords
- netrin-1, atherosclerosis, atherosclerotic plaque, MCP-1, CCL19, Rac1, actin polymerization, chronic inflammation, lipid-laden macrophages, LDL receptor
- MeSH terms
- Netrin Receptors, Netrin-1, Actins, Animals, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Chimera, Humans, Macrophages, Nerve Growth Factors, Neuropeptides, Receptors, Cell Surface, Gene Deletion, Chemokine CCL2, rac GTP-Binding Proteins, rac1 GTP-Binding Protein, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Atherosclerosis, Mice, Chemokine CCL19, Polymerization, Plaque, Atherosclerotic
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