Toll-like receptors in systemic autoimmune disease

A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA

Hemmi, H., Takeuchi, O., Kawai, T., Kaisho, T., Sato, S., Sanjo, H., Matsumoto, M., Hoshino, K., Wagner, H., Takeda, K., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35047123 · Cited by 6,491 · see citing works

Toll-Like Receptors

Takeda, K., Kaisho, T., & Akira, S. (2003) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141126 · Cited by 6,143 · see citing works

Species-specific recognition of single-stranded RNA via toll-like receptor 7 and 8

Heil, F., Hemmi, H., Hochrein, H., Ampenberger, F., Kirschning, C., Akira, S., Lipford, G., Wagner, H., & Bauer, S. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093620 · Cited by 3,947 · see citing works

CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation

Krieg, A. M., Yi, A.-K., Matson, S., Waldschmidt, T. J., Bishop, G. A., Teasdale, R., Koretzky, G. A., & Klinman, D. M. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/374546a0 · Cited by 3,508 · see citing works

Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA

Diebold, S. S., Kaisho, T., Hemmi, H., Akira, S., & Reis e Sousa, C. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093616 · Cited by 3,444 · see citing works

Suppression of RNA Recognition by Toll-like Receptors: The Impact of Nucleoside Modification and the Evolutionary Origin of RNA

Karikó, K., Buckstein, M., Ni, H., & Weissman, D. (2005) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.06.008 · Cited by 2,728 · see citing works

CpG Motifs in Bacterial DNA and Their Immune Effects

Krieg, A. Μ. (2002) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.100301.064842 · Cited by 2,570 · see citing works

Interferon-inducible gene expression signature in peripheral blood cells of patients with severe lupus

Baechler, E. C., Batliwalla, F., Karypis, G., Gaffney, P. M., Ortmann, W. A., Espe, K. J., Shark, K. B., Grande, W. J., Hughes, K. M. H., Kapur, V., et al. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0337679100 · Cited by 2,246 · see citing works

Predominant Autoantibody Production by Early Human B Cell Precursors

Wardemann, H., Yurasov, S., Schaefer, A., Young, J. W., Meffre, E., & Nussenzweig, M. C. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1086907 · Cited by 2,088 · see citing works

Subsets of Human Dendritic Cell Precursors Express Different Toll-like Receptors and Respond to Different Microbial Antigens

Kadowaki, N., Ho, S., Antonenko, S., de Waal Malefyt, R., Kastelein, R. A., Bazan, F., & Liu, Y.-J. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.194.6.863 · Cited by 1,964 · see citing works

Interferon and Granulopoiesis Signatures in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Blood

Bennett, L. B., Palucka, K., Arce, E., Cantrell, V., Borvák, J., Banchereau, J., & Pascual, V. (2003) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20021553 · Cited by 1,962 · see citing works

Chromatin–IgG complexes activate B cells by dual engagement of IgM and Toll-like receptors

Leadbetter, E. A., Rifkin, I. R., Hohlbaum, A. M., Beaudette-Zlatanova, B. C., Shlomchik, M. J., & Marshak‐Rothstein, A. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/416603a · Cited by 1,899 · see citing works

Recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses by Toll-like receptor 7

Lund, J. M., Alexopoulou, L., Sato, A., Karow, M. L., Adams, N. C., Gale, N. W., Iwasaki, A., & Flavell, R. A. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0400937101 · Cited by 1,854 · see citing works

Autoantigens targeted in systemic lupus erythematosus are clustered in two populations of surface structures on apoptotic keratinocytes.

Casciola-Rosen, L. A., Anhalt, G. J., & Rosen, A. (1994) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.179.4.1317 · Cited by 1,723 · see citing works

Innate immune recognition: mechanisms and pathways

Medzhitov, R., & Janeway, C. (2000) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2000.917309.x · Cited by 1,589 · see citing works

Involvement of Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4 in Cellular Activation by High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein

Park, J. S., Svetkauskaite, D., He, Q., Kim, J., Strassheim, D., Ishizaka, A., & Abraham, E. H. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m306793200 · Cited by 1,560 · see citing works

Antinuclear Antibodies: Diagnostic Markers for Autoimmune Diseases and Probes for Cell Biology

Tan, E. M. (1989) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60641-0 · Cited by 1,506 · see citing works

Regulation of lung injury and repair by Toll-like receptors and hyaluronan

Jiang, D., Liang, J., Fan, J., Yu, S., Chen, S., Luo, Y., Prestwich, G. D., Mascarenhas, M. M., Garg, H. G., Quinn, D. A., et al. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1315 · Cited by 1,401 · see citing works

Oligosaccharides of Hyaluronan Activate Dendritic Cells via Toll-like Receptor 4

Termeer, C., Benedix, F., Sleeman, J., Fieber, C., Voith, U., Ahrens, T., Miyake, K., Freudenberg, M., Galanos, C., & Simon, J. C. (2002) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20001858 · Cited by 1,378 · see citing works

The Extra Domain A of Fibronectin Activates Toll-like Receptor 4

Okamura, Y., Watari, M., Jerud, E. S., Young, D. W., Ishizaka, S. T., Rose, J., Chow, J. C., & Strauss, J. F. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m100099200 · Cited by 1,217 · see citing works

TYPE I INTERFERONS (α/β) IN IMMUNITY AND AUTOIMMUNITY

Theofilopoulos, A. N., Baccalà, R., Beutler, B., & Kono, D. H. (2004) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115843 · Cited by 1,185 · see citing works

Toll-like Receptor 7 and TLR9 Dictate Autoantibody Specificity and Have Opposing Inflammatory and Regulatory Roles in a Murine Model of Lupus

Christensen, S. R., Shupe, J., Nickerson, K., Kashgarian, M., Flavell, R. A., & Shlomchik, M. J. (2006) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2006.07.013 · Cited by 1,090 · see citing works

TLR11 Activation of Dendritic Cells by a Protozoan Profilin-Like Protein

Yarovinsky, F., Zhang, D., Andersen, J. F., Bannenberg, G. L., Serhan, C. N., Hayden, M. S., Hieny, S. E., Sutterwala, F. S., Flavell, R. A., Ghosh, S., et al. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1109893 · Cited by 1,049 · see citing works

Integral role of IRF-5 in the gene induction programme activated by Toll-like receptors

Takaoka, A., Yanai, H., Kondo, S., Duncan, G. S., Negishi, H., Mizutani, T., Kano, S., Honda, K., Ohba, Y., Mak, T. W., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03308 · Cited by 1,042 · see citing works

Toll-like Receptor 4 Polymorphisms and Atherogenesis

Kiechl, S. J., Lorenz, E., Reindl, M., Wiedermann, C. J., Oberhollenzer, F., Bonora, E., Willeit, J., & Schwartz, D. A. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012673 · Cited by 1,024 · see citing works

A Toll-like Receptor That Prevents Infection by Uropathogenic Bacteria

Zhang, D., Zhang, G., Hayden, M. S., Greenblatt, M. B., Bussey, C., Flavell, R. A., & Ghosh, S. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1094351 · Cited by 1,002 · see citing works

Autoreactive B Cell Responses to RNA-Related Antigens Due to TLR7 Gene Duplication

Pisitkun, P., Deane, J., Difilippantonio, M., Tarasenko, T. N., Satterthwaite, A., & Bolland, S. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1124978 · Cited by 950 · see citing works

Fibrinogen Stimulates Macrophage Chemokine Secretion Through Toll-Like Receptor 4

Smiley, S. T., King, J. A., & Hancock, W. W. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.167.5.2887 · Cited by 946 · see citing works

Nucleic acids of mammalian origin can act as endogenous ligands for Toll-like receptors and may promote systemic lupus erythematosus

Barrat, F. J., Meeker, T., Gregorio, J. D., Chan, J. H., Uematsu, S., Akira, S., Chang, B., Duramad, O., & Coffman, R. L. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20050914 · Cited by 932 · see citing works

Spatiotemporal regulation of MyD88–IRF-7 signalling for robust type-I interferon induction

Honda, K., Ohba, Y., Yanai, H., Negishi, H., Mizutani, T., Takaoka, A., Taya, C., & Taniguchi, T. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03547 · Cited by 908 · see citing works

Human lupus autoantibody–DNA complexes activate DCs through cooperation of CD32 and TLR9

Means, T. K., Latz, E., Hayashi, F., Murali, M. R., Golenbock, D. T., & Luster, A. D. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci23025 · Cited by 849 · see citing works

RNA-associated autoantigens activate B cells by combined B cell antigen receptor/Toll-like receptor 7 engagement

Lau, C. M., Broughton, C., Tabor, A. S., Akira, S., Flavell, R. A., Mamula, M. J., Christensen, S. R., Shlomchik, M. J., Viglianti, G. A., Rifkin, I. R., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20050630 · Cited by 813 · see citing works

Defective B cell tolerance checkpoints in systemic lupus erythematosus

Yurasov, S., Wardemann, H., Hammersen, J. E., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20042251 · Cited by 719 · see citing works

Activation of the interferon‐α pathway identifies a subgroup of systemic lupus erythematosus patients with distinct serologic features and active disease

Kirou, K. A., Lee, C., George, S., Louca, K., Peterson, M. G. E., & Crow, M. K. (2005) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21031 · Cited by 702 · see citing works

Endogenous ligands of Toll-like receptors

Tsan, M., & Gao, B. (2004) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0304127 · Cited by 683 · see citing works

A common haplotype of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) regulates splicing and expression and is associated with increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus

Graham, R., Kozyrev, S. V., Baechler, E. C., Reddy, M., Plenge, R. M., Bauer, J. W., Ortmann, W. A., Koeuth, T., Escribano, M. F. G., Groups, T. A. A. S. C., et al. (2006) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1782 · Cited by 672 · see citing works

Intracellular localization of Toll-like receptor 9 prevents recognition of self DNA but facilitates access to viral DNA

Barton, G. M., Kagan, J. C., & Medzhitov, R. M. (2005) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1280 · Cited by 669 · see citing works

Dubois' Lupus Erythematosus

Wallace, D. J. (1988) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-5-436_2 · Cited by 660 · see citing works

CpG‐DNA‐specific activation of antigen‐presenting cells requires stress kinase activity and is preceded by non‐specific endocytosis and endosomal maturation

Häcker, H., Mischak, H., Miethke, T., Liptay, S., Schmid, R. M., Sparwasser, T. D., Heeg, K. M., Lipford, G. B., & Wagner, H. (1998) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/17.21.6230 · Cited by 654 · see citing works

A Tlr7 translocation accelerates systemic autoimmunity in murine lupus

Subramanian, S., Tus, K., Li, Q., Wang, A., Tian, X.-H., Zhou, J., Liang, C., Bartov, G., McDaniel, L. D., Zhou, X. J., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0603912103 · Cited by 651 · see citing works

Reduced Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Toll-Like Receptor 4-Deficient Mice

Oyama, J., Blais, C., Liu, X., Pu, M., Kobzik, L., Kelly, R. A., & Bourcier, T. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000112575.66565.84 · Cited by 620 · see citing works

Polymorphisms in the Tyrosine Kinase 2 and Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Genes Are Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Sigurðsson, S., Nordmark, G., Göring, H. H. H., Lindroos, K. M., Wiman, A.-C., Sturfelt, G. K., Jönsen, A., Rantapää‐Dahlqvist, S., Möller, B., Kere, J., et al. (2005) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/428480 · Cited by 608 · see citing works

Evidence for impaired t cell dna methylation in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis

Richardson, B., Scheinbart, L., Strahler, J. R., Gross, L. A., Hanash, S., & Johnson, M. (1990) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780331109 · Cited by 565 · see citing works

Renal-associated TLR2 mediates ischemia/reperfusion injury in the kidney

Leemans, J. C., Stokman, G., Claessen, N., Rouschop, K. M. A., Teske, G. J. D., Kirschning, C. J., Akira, S., van der Poll, T., Weening, J. J., & Florquin, S. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci22832 · Cited by 563 · see citing works

Induction of interferon‐α production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by immune complexes containing nucleic acid released by necrotic or late apoptotic cells and lupus IgG

Lövgren, T., Eloranta, M., Båve, U., Alm, G. V., & Rönnblom, L. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20254 · Cited by 553 · see citing works

Hyaluronan Fragments Stimulate Endothelial Recognition of Injury through TLR4

Taylor, K. R., Trowbridge, J. M., Rudisill, J. A., Termeer, C. C., Simon, J. C., & Gallo, R. L. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m310859200 · Cited by 545 · see citing works

Activation of Autoreactive B Cells by CpG dsDNA

Viglianti, G. A., Lau, C. M., Hanley, T. M., Miko, B. A., Shlomchik, M. J., & Marshak‐Rothstein, A. (2003) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00323-6 · Cited by 519 · see citing works

Toll-like Receptor 9–Dependent and –Independent Dendritic Cell Activation by Chromatin–Immunoglobulin G Complexes

Uccellini, M. B., Broughton, C., Mackay, F., Akira, S., Marshak‐Rothstein, A., & Rifkin, I. R. (2004) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20031942 · Cited by 519 · see citing works

Toll-like receptor 9 controls anti-DNA autoantibody production in murine lupus

Christensen, S. R., Kashgarian, M. J., Alexopoulou, L., Flavell, R. A., Akira, S., & Shlomchik, M. J. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20050338 · Cited by 516 · see citing works

Immune stimulation mediated by autoantigen binding sites within small nuclear RNAs involves Toll-like receptors 7 and 8

Vollmer, J., Tluk, S., Schmitz, C., Hamm, S., Jurk, M., Forsbach, A., Akira, S., Kelly, K. M., Reeves, W. H., Bauer, S., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20051696 · Cited by 515 · see citing works

T-bet regulates IgG class switching and pathogenic autoantibody production

Peng, S. L., Szabo, S. J., & Glimcher, L. H. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.082114899 · Cited by 498 · see citing works

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Presence in Human Serum of an Unusual Acid-Labile Leukocyte Interferon

Preble, O. T., Black, R. J., Friedman, R. M., Klippel, J. H., & Vilček, J. (1982) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6176024 · Cited by 458 · see citing works

Early events in lupus humoral autoimmunity suggest initiation through molecular mimicry

McClain, M. T., Heinlen, L. D., Dennis, G. J., Roebuck, J., Harley, J. B., & James, J. A. (2004) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1167 · Cited by 442 · see citing works

An Essential Role of the NF-κB/Toll-Like Receptor Pathway in Induction of Inflammatory and Tissue-Repair Gene Expression by Necrotic Cells

Li, M. O., Carpio, D. F., Zheng, Y., Bruzzo, P., Singh, V., Ouaaz, F., Medzhitov, R. M., & Beg, A. A. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.12.7128 · Cited by 430 · see citing works

Hydralazine and procainamide inhibit T cell DNA methylation and induce autoreactivity.

Cornacchia, E., Golbus, J., Maybaum, J., Strahler, J. R., Hanash, S., & Richardson, B. (1988) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.140.7.2197 · Cited by 422 · see citing works

The interferon regulatory factor, IRF5, is a central mediator of toll-like receptor 7 signaling

Schoenemeyer, A., Barnes, B. J., Mancl, M. E., Latz, E., Goutagny, N., Pitha, P. M., Fitzgerald, K. A., & Golenbock, D. T. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m412584200 · Cited by 411 · see citing works

Dendritic cell–induced autoimmune heart failure requires cooperation between adaptive and innate immunity

Eriksson, U., Ricci, R., Hunziker, L., Kurrer, M. O., Oudit, G. Y., Watts, T. H., Sonderegger, I., Bachmaier, K., Kopf, M., & Penninger, J. M. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm960 · Cited by 405 · see citing works

Minimally Modified LDL Binds to CD14, Induces Macrophage Spreading via TLR4/MD-2, and Inhibits Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

Miller, Y. I., Viriyakosol, S., Binder, C. J., Feramisco, J. R., Kirkland, T. N., & Witztum, J. L. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m209634200 · Cited by 398 · see citing works

Sequence motifs in adenoviral DNA block immune activation by stimulatory CpG motifs

Krieg, A. Μ., Wu, T., Weeratna, R. D., Efler, S. M., Love-Homan, L., Yang, L., Yi, A., Short, D., & Davis, H. L. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.21.12631 · Cited by 396 · see citing works

Toll‐like receptors, endogenous ligands, and systemic autoimmune disease

Rifkin, I. R., Leadbetter, E. A., Busconi, L., Viglianti, G. A., & Marshak‐Rothstein, A. (2005) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00239.x · Cited by 384 · see citing works

FcγRIIa Is Expressed on Natural IFN-α-Producing Cells (Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells) and Is Required for the IFN-α Production Induced by Apoptotic Cells Combined with Lupus IgG

Båve, U., Magnusson, M., Eloranta, M., Perers, A., Alm, G. V., & Rönnblom, L. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.6.3296 · Cited by 380 · see citing works

Innate immunity mediated by TLR9 modulates pathogenicity in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

Prinz, M. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci26078 · Cited by 378 · see citing works

RNA released from necrotic synovial fluid cells activates rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts via toll‐like receptor 3

Brentano, F., Schorr, O., Gay, R. E., Gay, S., & Kyburz, D. (2005) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21273 · Cited by 377 · see citing works

Toll-like receptor engagement converts T-cell autoreactivity into overt autoimmune disease

Lang, K. S., Recher, M., Junt, T., Navarini, A. A., Harris, N. L., Freigang, S., Odermatt, B., Conrad, C., Ittner, L. M., Bauer, S., et al. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1176 · Cited by 377 · see citing works

Stimulation of in vitro murine lymphocyte proliferation by bacterial DNA

Messina, J. P., Gilkeson, G. S., & Pisetsky, D. S. (1991) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.147.6.1759 · Cited by 374 · see citing works

Possible induction of systemic lupus erythematosus by interferon‐α treatment in a patient with a malignant carcinoid tumour

Rönnblom, L., Alm, G. V., & Öberg, K. E. (1990) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00144.x · Cited by 362 · see citing works

Autoantigens as substrates for apoptotic proteases: implications for the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune disease

Rosen, A., & Casciola-Rosen, L. A. (1999) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400460 · Cited by 353 · see citing works

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Control TLR7 Sensitivity of Naive B Cells via Type I IFN

Bekeredjian‐Ding, I., Wagner, M., Hornung, V., Giese, T., Schnurr, M. M., Endres, S., & Hartmann, G. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.174.7.4043 · Cited by 346 · see citing works

TLR9/MyD88 signaling is required for class switching to pathogenic IgG2a and 2b autoantibodies in SLE

Ehlers, M., Fukuyama, H., McGaha, T. L., Aderem, A. A., & Ravetch, J. V. (2006) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20052438 · Cited by 338 · see citing works

CpG Motifs in Bacterial DNA Activate Leukocytes Through the pH-Dependent Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species

Yi, A., Tuetken, R. S., Redford, T. W., Waldschmidt, M., Kirsch, J. D., & Krieg, A. Μ. (1998) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.160.10.4755 · Cited by 325 · see citing works

Toll-Like Receptor-2 Modulates Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

Shishido, T., Nozaki, N., Yamaguchi, S., Shibata, Y., Nitobe, J., Miyamoto, T., Takahashi, H., Arimoto, T., Maeda, K., Yamakawa, M., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000101921.93016.1c · Cited by 303 · see citing works

Rational design of new CpG oligonucleotides that combine B cell activation with high IFN‐α induction in plasmacytoid dendritic cells

Hartmann, G., Battiany, J., Poeck, H., Wagner, M., Kerkmann, M., Lübenow, N., Rothenfußer, S., & Endres, S. (2003) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200323813 · Cited by 296 · see citing works

Intra-articularly localized bacterial DNA containing CpG motifs induces arthritis

Deng, G., Nilsson, I.-M., Verdrengh, M., Collins, L. V., & Tarkowski, A. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/9554 · Cited by 295 · see citing works

Autoimmunity through Cytokine-Induced Dendritic Cell Activation

Banchereau, J., Pascual, V., & Palucka, A. K. (2004) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(04)00108-6 · Cited by 292 · see citing works

A Pivotal Role for the Natural Interferon α–producing Cells (Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells) in the Pathogenesis of Lupus

Rönnblom, L., & Alm, G. V. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.194.12.f59 · Cited by 287 · see citing works

Identification of Small Heat Shock Protein B8 (HSP22) as a Novel TLR4 Ligand and Potential Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Roelofs, M. F., Boelens, W. C., Joosten, L. A. B., Abdollahi‐Roodsaz, S., Geurts, J., Wunderink, L. U., Schreurs, B. W., van den Berg, W. B., & Radstake, T. R. D. J. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.11.7021 · Cited by 278 · see citing works

Heat Shock Proteins as Ligands of Toll-Like Receptors

Vabulas, R. M., Wagner, H., & Schild, H. (2002) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59430-4_11 · Cited by 276 · see citing works

U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein immune complexes induce type I interferon in plasmacytoid dendritic cells through TLR7

Savarese, E., Chae, O.-W., Trowitzsch, S., Weber, G., Kastner, B., Akira, S., Wagner, H., Schmid, R. M., Bauer, S., & Krug, A. (2005) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2005-07-2650 · Cited by 273 · see citing works

Toll-like receptor 7-dependent loss of B cell tolerance in pathogenic autoantibody knockin mice.

Berland, R., Fernandez, L., Kari, E., Han, J.-H., Lomakin, I., Akira, S., Wortis, H., Kearney, J., Ucci, A., & Imanishi-Kari, T. (2006) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2006.07.014 · Cited by 269 · see citing works

CpG motifs: the active ingredient in bacterial extracts?

Krieg, A. Μ. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0703-831 · Cited by 269 · see citing works

Antagonism of Immunostimulatory CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotides by Quinacrine, Chloroquine, and Structurally Related Compounds

Macfarlane, D. E., & Manzel, L. J. (1998) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.160.3.1122 · Cited by 257 · see citing works

Genetic Modifiers of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in FcγRIIB−/− Mice

Bolland, S. M., Yim, Y., Tus, K., Wakeland, E. K., & Ravetch, J. V. (2002) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20020165 · Cited by 256 · see citing works

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a circulating inducer of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) production acting on leucocytes resembling immature dendritic cells

Vallin, H., Blomberg, S., ALM, G. V., CEDERBLAD, B., & Rönnblom, L. (1999) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00772.x · Cited by 252 · see citing works

Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of lisofylline for early treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome

The ARDS Clinical Trials Network, National Heart, L., & Health, N. I. O. (2002) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-200201000-00001 · Cited by 252 · see citing works

Toll-like receptor 9 signaling protects against murine lupus.

Wu, X.-B., & Peng, S. L. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21553 · Cited by 246 · see citing works

Repetitive Elements in Mammalian Telomeres Suppress Bacterial DNA-Induced Immune Activation

Gürsel, İ., Gürsel, M., Yamada, H., Ishii, K. J., Takeshita, F., & Klinman, D. M. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.3.1393 · Cited by 240 · see citing works

Cutting Edge: An Endogenous Pathway to Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)-Like Reactions through Toll-Like Receptor 4

Johnson, G. B., Brunn, G. J., & Platt, J. L. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.1.20 · Cited by 232 · see citing works

Hypergammaglobulinemia and autoantibody induction mechanisms in viral infections

Hunziker, L., Recher, M., Macpherson, A. J., Ciurea, A., Freigang, S., Hengartner, H., & Zinkernagel, R. M. (2003) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni911 · Cited by 232 · see citing works

Induction of interferon‐α by immune complexes or liposomes containing systemic lupus erythematosus autoantigen– and Sjögren's syndrome autoantigen–associated RNA

Lövgren, T., Eloranta, M., Kastner, B., Wahren‐Herlenius, M., Alm, G. V., & Rönnblom, L. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21893 · Cited by 231 · see citing works

Toll-Like Receptor 2 Pathway Drives Streptococcal Cell Wall-Induced Joint Inflammation: Critical Role of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88

Joosten, L. A. B., Koenders, M. I., Smeets, R. L., Heuvelmans‐Jacobs, M., Helsen, M. M. A., Takeda, K., Akira, S., Lubberts, E., van de Loo, F. A. J., & van den Berg, W. B. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.11.6145 · Cited by 216 · see citing works

TLR4 Contributes to Disease-Inducing Mechanisms Resulting in Central Nervous System Autoimmune Disease

Kerfoot, S. M., Long, E. M., Hickey, M. J., Andonegui, G., Lapointe, B. M., Zanardo, R. C. O., Bonder, C. S., James, W. G., Robbins, S. M., & Kubes, P. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.173.11.7070 · Cited by 208 · see citing works

Activation of antigen-presenting cells by microbial products breaks self tolerance and induces autoimmune disease

Waldner, H., Collins, M. A., & Kuchroo, V. K. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci19388 · Cited by 198 · see citing works

An etiopathogenic role for the type I IFN system in SLE

Rönnblom, L., & Alm, G. V. (2001) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/s1471-4906(01)01955-x · Cited by 198 · see citing works

Interleukin 1 Receptor Dependence of Serum Transferred Arthritis Can be Circumvented by Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling

Choe, J., Crain, B., Wu, S. R., & Corr, M. (2003) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20021850 · Cited by 195 · see citing works

Neuronal injury mediated via stimulation of microglial toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9)

Iliev, A. I., Stringaris, A. K., Nau, R., & Neumann, H. (2004) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.03-0670fje · Cited by 192 · see citing works

The autoantibody repertoire: searching for order

Plötz, P. H. (2003) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri976 · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Induction of Clinical Autoimmune Disease by Therapeutic Interferon-α

Gota, C. E., & Calabrese, L. H. (2003) · Autoimmunity · doi:10.1080/08916930310001605873 · Cited by 176 · see citing works

The Molecular Basis for the Lack of Immunostimulatory Activity of Vertebrate DNA

Stacey, K. J., Young, G. R., Clark, F., Sester, D. P., Roberts, T. L., Naik, S. H., Sweet, M. J., & Hume, D. A. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3614 · Cited by 174 · see citing works

Cell surface expression of an endoplasmic reticulum resident heat shock protein gp96 triggers MyD88-dependent systemic autoimmune diseases

Liu, B., Dai, J., Zheng, H., Stoilova, D., Sun, S., & Li, Z. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2635458100 · Cited by 168 · see citing works

Role of TLR9 in Anti-Nucleosome and Anti-DNA Antibody Production in <i>lpr</i> Mutation-Induced Murine Lupus

Lartigue, A., Courville, P., Auquit, I., François, A., Arnoult, C., Tron, F., Gilbert, D., & Musette, P. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.1349 · Cited by 165 · see citing works

TLR7: A new sensor of viral infection

Crozat, K., & Beutler, B. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0401347101 · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced Cell Death: Critical Role of Ultraviolet Dose in Inflammation and Lupus Autoantigen Redistribution

Caricchio, R., McPhie, L., & Cohen, P. L. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.11.5778 · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Death, autoantigen modifications, and tolerance.

Utz, P. J., Gensler, T. J., & Anderson, P. (2000) · Arthritis Research · doi:10.1186/ar75 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

8‐Hydroxydeoxyguanosine

Lunec, J., Herbert, K. E., Blount, S., Griffiths, H. R., & Emery, P. (1994) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(94)00583-4 · Cited by 142 · see citing works

A disease-related rheumatoid factor autoantibody is not tolerized in a normal mouse: implications for the origins of autoantibodies in autoimmune disease.

Hannum, L. G., Ni, D., Haberman, A. M., et al. (1996) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.184.4.1269 · Cited by 140 · see citing works

Activation of APCs Through CD40 or Toll-Like Receptor 9 Overcomes Tolerance and Precipitates Autoimmune Disease

Ichikawa, H. T., Williams, L. P., & Segal, B. M. (2002) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.5.2781 · Cited by 137 · see citing works

Suppressive oligodeoxynucleotides delay the onset of glomerulonephritis and prolong survival in lupus‐prone NZB × NZW mice

Dong, L., Ito, S., Ishii, K. J., & Klinman, D. M. (2005) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20810 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

Dubois' Lupus Erythematosus

Lanham, J. (1988) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.47.3.263-a · Cited by 130 · see citing works

Dna isolated from DNA/anti-DNA antibody immune complexes in systemic lupus erythematosus is rich in guanine-cytosine content.

Sano, H., & Morimoto, C. (1982) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.128.3.1341 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Mitogenicity of DNA from different organisms for murine B cells

Sun, S., Beard, C., Jaenisch, R., Jones, P. A., & Sprent, J. (1997) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.159.7.3119 · Cited by 122 · see citing works

Toll-like receptor 9-independent aggravation of glomerulonephritis in a novel model of SLE

Yu, P. (2006) · International Immunology · doi:10.1093/intimm/dxl067 · Cited by 119 · see citing works

Differential signaling by CpG DNA in DCs and B cells: not just TLR9

Verthelyi, D. I., & Zeuner, R. A. (2003) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/s1471-4906(03)00243-6 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

Immunogenicity of DNA Damaged by Reactive Oxygen Species—Implications for Anti-DNA Antibodies in Lupus

Cooke, M. S., Mistry, N., Wood, C. N., Herbert, K. E., & Lunec, J. (1997) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(96)00283-3 · Cited by 107 · see citing works

G-Rich DNA Suppresses Systemic Lupus

Patole, P. S., Zecher, D., Pawar, R. D., Gröne, H., Diaeresis]ndorff, D. S., & Anders, H. (2005) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2005060658 · Cited by 96 · see citing works

Mechanism of photosensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Emerit, I., & Michelson, A. M. (1981) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.78.4.2537 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

High prevalence of immunoglobulin A antibody against Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen in adult patients with lupus with disease flare: case control studies.

Chen, C., Lin, K.-H., Lin, S., et al. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 68 · see citing works

Sensitization of Human Aortic Endothelial Cells to Lipopolysaccharide via Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor 4 by Bacterial Fimbria-Dependent Invasion

Yumoto, H., Chou, H.-H., Takahashi, Y., Davey, M., Gibson, F. C., & Genco, C. A. (2005) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.73.12.8050-8059.2005 · Cited by 68 · see citing works

A biologically important single nucleotide polymorphism within the toll-like receptor-4 gene is not associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Kilding, R., Akil, M., Till, S. H., et al. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 68 · see citing works

The impact of c-met/scatter factor receptor on dendritic cell migration

Kurz, S. M., Diebold, S. S., Hieronymus, T., Gust, T. C., Bartůněk, P., Sachs, M., Birchmeier, W., & Zenke, M. (2002) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200207)32:7 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Targeting Toll-like receptor signaling in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and autoreactive B cells as a therapy for lupus.

Lenert, P. S. (2006) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar1888 · Cited by 56 · see citing works

Synergy between CpG- or non-CpG DNA and specific antigen for B cell activation

Wang, Y. (2003) · International Immunology · doi:10.1093/intimm/dxg020 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

Role of B-cell and Fc receptors in the selection of T-cell epitopes

Amigorena, S., & Bonnerot, C. (1998) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80037-x · Cited by 47 · see citing works

Sequence requirements for oligodeoxyribonucleotide inhibitory activity

Ashman, R. F. (2005) · International Immunology · doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh222 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Lupus Erythematosus Treated with a Combination of Quinacrine, Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine*

Tye, M. J., White, H. C., Appel, B., et al. (1959) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm195901082600203 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Toll-like receptors.

Lien, E., & Ingalls, R. (2002) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-200201001-00001 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

An isotype switched and somatically mutated rheumatoid factor clone isolated from a MRL- lpr/lpr mouse exhibits limited intraclonal affinity maturation.

Jacobson, B. A., Sharon, J., Shan, H., et al. (1994) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.152.9.4489 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Generation of novel covalent RNA–protein complexes in cells by ultraviolet B irradiation: Implications for autoimmunity

Andrade, F., Casciola-Rosen, L. A., & Rosen, A. (2005) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20992 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Higher‐order CpG‐DNA stimulation reveals distinct activation requirements for marginal zone and follicular B cells in lupus mice

Brummel, R., Roberts, T. L., Stacey, K. J., et al. (2006) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200535734 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

DNA and RNA autoantigens as autoadjuvants

Busconi, L., Lau, C. M., Tabor, A. S., Uccellini, M. B., Ruhe, Z. C., Akira, S., Viglianti, G. A., Rifkin, I. R., & Marshak‐Rothstein, A. (2006) · Journal of Endotoxin Research · doi:10.1177/09680519060120060901 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Toll-like receptor 4–dependent contribution of the immune system to anticancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy

Apetoh, L., Ghiringhelli, F., Tesniere, A., Obeid, M., Ortiz, C., Criollo, A., Mignot, G., Maiuri, M. C., Ullrich, E., Saulnier, P., et al. (2007) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1622 · Cited by 3,056 · see citing works

Immunogenic and tolerogenic cell death

Green, D. R., Ferguson, T., Zitvogel, L., & Kroemer, G. (2009) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2545 · Cited by 1,176 · see citing works

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: sensing nucleic acids in viral infection and autoimmune diseases

Gilliet, M., Cao, W., & Liu, Y.-J. (2008) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2358 · Cited by 1,190 · see citing works

Commensal bacteria regulate Toll-like receptor 3–dependent inflammation after skin injury

Lai, Y., Di Nardo, A., Nakatsuji, T., Leichtle, A., Yang, Y., Cogen, A. L., Wu, Z.-R., Hooper, L. V., Schmidt, R. R., von Aulock, S., et al. (2009) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2062 · Cited by 781 · see citing works

Mincle is an ITAM-coupled activating receptor that senses damaged cells

Yamasaki, S., Ishikawa, E., Sakuma, M., Hara, H., Ogata, K., & Saito, T. (2008) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1651 · Cited by 740 · see citing works

Mechanism of endosomal TLR inhibition by antimalarial drugs and imidazoquinolines

Kužnik, A., Benčina, M., Švajger, U., Jeras, M., Rozman, B., & Jerala, R. (2011) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1000702 · Cited by 606 · see citing works

Biology of the TAM Receptors

Lemke, G. (2013) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a009076 · Cited by 598 · see citing works

The multiple pathways to autoimmunity

Theofilopoulos, A. N., Kono, D. H., & Baccala, R. (2017) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.3731 · Cited by 590 · see citing works

Nucleic acid recognition by the innate immune system

Barbalat, R., Ewald, S. E., Mouchess, M. L., & Barton, G. M. (2011) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101340 · Cited by 577 · see citing works

Recognition of Endogenous Nucleic Acids by the Innate Immune System

Roers, A., Hiller, B., & Hornung, V. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.002 · Cited by 541 · see citing works

STING and the innate immune response to nucleic acids in the cytosol

Burdette, D. L., & Vance, R. E. (2013) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2491 · Cited by 501 · see citing works

Age-Associated B Cells

Cancro, M. P. (2020) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-092419-031130 · Cited by 464 · see citing works

Emerging role of Toll-like receptors in atherosclerosis

Curtiss, L. K., & Tobias, P. S. (2009) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r800056-jlr200 · Cited by 225 · see citing works

Malaria primes the innate immune response due to interferon-γ induced enhancement of toll-like receptor expression and function

Franklin, B. S., Parroche, P., Ataíde, M. A., Lauw, F., Ropert, C., de Oliveira, R. B., Pereira, D., Tada, M. S., Nogueira, P., da Silva, L. H. P., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0809742106 · Cited by 193 · see citing works

Nucleic acid‐sensing <scp>TLR</scp> s and autoimmunity: novel insights from structural and cell biology

Pelka, K., Shibata, T., Miyake, K., & Latz, E. (2016) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.12375 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

RNA Mediated toll-like receptor stimulation in health and disease

Dalpke, A. H., & Helm, M. (2012) · RNA Biology · doi:10.4161/rna.20206 · Cited by 113 · see citing works

The many ways tissue phagocytes respond to dying cells

Blander, J. M. (2017) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.12537 · Cited by 84 · see citing works

Contribution of Toll-like receptor signaling to germinal center antibody responses

DeFranco, A. L., Rookhuizen, D. C., & Hou, B. (2012) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01115.x · Cited by 74 · see citing works

TLR2 expression and signaling-dependent inflammation impair wound healing in diabetic mice

Dasu, M. R., Thangappan, R. K., Bourgette, A., DiPietro, L. A., Isseroff, R., & Jialal, I. (2010) · Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1038/labinvest.2010.158 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Toll-Like Receptor-7 Signaling Promotes Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Inhibiting Regulatory T Cells in Mice

Roh, Y. S., Kim, J. W., Park, S., Shon, C., Kim, S., Eo, S. K., Kwon, J. K., Lim, C. W., & Kim, B. (2018) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.07.011 · Cited by 55 · see citing works

Linking genetic variation in human Toll-like receptor 5 genes to the gut microbiome's potential to cause inflammation

Leifer, C. A., McConkey, C., Li, S., Chassaing, B., Gewirtz, A. T., & Ley, R. E. (2014) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2014.07.017 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

The Innate Immune System

Heeg, K. M. (2007) · Neuroimmune biology · doi:10.1016/s1567-7443(07)00205-0

Do adaptive immune cells suppress or activate innate immunity?

Zhao, J., Yang, X., Auh, S. L., Kim, K. D., Tang, H., & Fu, Y. (2008) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2008.10.003 · Cited by 40 · see citing works

Aspects of the innate and adaptive immune responses to acute infections with BVDV

Brackenbury, L. S., Carr, B. V., & Charleston, B. (2003) · Veterinary Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.09.004 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Dendritic Cells (DCs) in Innate Immunity

Kim, C.-H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-9081-5_2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Earthworm and innate immunity

Liu, Z., & Niu, B. (2008) · Int J Immunol · doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4394.2008.04.005