Cited by 281interferon and immune responsesNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsBarrier Structure and Function Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 119 of the 119 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system

Open access

McGavern, Dorian B., Kang, Silvia S.·2011·Nature Reviews Immunology

DOI 10.1038/nri2971PMC PMC5001841

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Viral infections are a major cause of human disease. Although most viruses replicate in peripheral tissues, some have developed unique strategies to move into the nervous system, where they establish acute or persistent infections. Viral infections in the central nervous system (CNS) can alter homeostasis, induce neurological dysfunction and result in serious, potentially life-threatening inflammatory diseases. This Review focuses on the strategies used by neurotropic viruses to cross the barrier systems of the CNS and on how the immune system detects and responds to viral infections in the CNS. A special emphasis is placed on immune surveillance of persistent and latent viral infections and on recent insights gained from imaging both protective and pathogenic antiviral immune responses.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nri2971

Cites

119 of 119 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy
Denk, W., Strickler, J. H., & Webb, W. W. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2321027 · Cited by 9,488
Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo
Nimmerjahn, A., Kirchhoff, F., & Helmchen, F. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1110647 · Cited by 5,827
Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages
Ginhoux, F., Greter, M., Leboeuf, M., Nandi, S., See, P., Gokhan, S., Mehler, M. F., Conway, S. J., Ng, L. G., Stanley, E. R., et al. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1194637 · Cited by 5,175
ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo
Davalos, D., Grutzendler, J., Yang, G., Kim, J. V., Zuo, Y., Jung, S., Littman, D. R., Dustin, M. L., & Gan, W.-B. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1472 · Cited by 3,913
Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection
Brenchley, J. M., Price, D. A., Schacker, T. W., Asher, T. E., Silvestri, G., Rao, S., Kazzaz, Z., Bornstein, E., Lambotte, O., Altmann, D., et al. (2006) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1511 · Cited by 3,559
Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier
Armulik, A., Genové, G., Mäe, M., Nisancioglu, M. H., Wallgard, E., Niaudet, C., He, L., Norlin, J., Lindblom, P., Strittmatter, K., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09522 · Cited by 2,843
Antiviral Actions of Interferons
Samuel, C. E. (2001) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.14.4.778-809.2001 · Cited by 2,743
Control of Viremia in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection by CD8 + Lymphocytes
Schmitz, J. E., Kuroda, M. J., Santra, S., Sasseville, V. G., Simon, M. A., Lifton, M. A., Rácz, P., Tenner‐Racz, K., Dalesandro, M. R., Scallon, B. J., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5403.857 · Cited by 2,167
Pericytes are required for blood–brain barrier integrity during embryogenesis
Daneman, R., Zhou, L., Kebede, A. A., & Barres, B. A. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09513 · Cited by 2,128
The P2Y12 receptor regulates microglial activation by extracellular nucleotides
Haynes, S. E., Hollopeter, G., Yang, G., Kurpius, D., Dailey, M. E., Gan, W.-B., & Julius, D. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1805 · Cited by 1,542
Perivascular microglial cells of the CNS are bone marrow-derived and present antigen in vivo
Hickey, W. F., & Kimura, H. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3276004 · Cited by 1,466
Dramatic Rise in Plasma Viremia after CD8+ T Cell Depletion in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–infected Macaques
Jin, X., Bauer, D. E., Tuttleton, S., Lewin, S. R., Gettie, A., Blanchard, J., Irwin, C. E., Safrit, J. T., Mittler, J. E., Weinberger, L. S., et al. (1999) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.189.6.991 · Cited by 1,409
Memory T cells in nonlymphoid tissue that provide enhanced local immunity during infection with herpes simplex virus
Gebhardt, T., Wakim, L. M., Eidsmo, L., Reading, P. C., Heath, W. R., & Carbone, F. R. (2009) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1718 · Cited by 1,157
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Patient Treated with Natalizumab
Langer-Gould, A. M., Atlas, S. W., Green, A., Bollen, A. W., & Pelletier, D. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa051847 · Cited by 1,032
Stromal cell networks regulate lymphocyte entry, migration, and territoriality in lymph nodes.
Bajénoff, M., Egen, J., Koo, L. Y., Laugier, J., Brau, F., Glaichenhaus, N., & Germain, R. N. (2006) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2006.10.011 · Cited by 1,022
The perivascular astroglial sheath provides a complete covering of the brain microvessels: An electron microscopic 3D reconstruction
Mathiisen, T. M., Lehre, K. P., Danbolt, N. C., & Ottersen, O. (2010) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20990 · Cited by 893
PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKO-ENCEPHALOPATHY
Åström, K., Mancall, E. L., & Richardson, E. P. (1958) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/81.1.93 · Cited by 832
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other disorders caused by JC virus: clinical features and pathogenesis
Tan, C. S., & Koralnik, I. J. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70040-5 · Cited by 774
Influenza vaccine: The challenge of antigenic drift
Carrat, F., & Flahault, A. (2007) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.07.027 · Cited by 704
Effector T cell interactions with meningeal vascular structures in nascent autoimmune CNS lesions.
Bartholomäus, I., Kawakami, N., Odoardi, F., Schläger, C., Miljkovic, D., Ellwart, J. W., Klinkert, W. E. F., Flügel-Koch, C., Issekutz, T. B., Wekerle, H., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08478 · Cited by 685
What is the blood–brain barrier (not)?
Bechmann, I., Galea, I., & Perry, V. H. (2007) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2006.11.007 · Cited by 520
Dendritic Cell-Induced Memory T Cell Activation in Nonlymphoid Tissues
Wakim, L., Waithman, J., van Rooijen, N., Heath, W., & Carbone, F. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1151869 · Cited by 473
Chromatin control of herpes simplex virus lytic and latent infection
Knipe, D. M., & Cliffe, A. R. (2008) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1794 · Cited by 445
Thinned-skull cranial window technique for long-term imaging of the cortex in live mice
Yang, G., Pan, F., Parkhurst, C. N., Grutzendler, J., & Gan, W. (2010) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2009.222 · Cited by 445
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Patients on Immunomodulatory Therapies
Major, E. O. (2009) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.080708.082655 · Cited by 437
Choice of cranial window type for in vivo imaging affects dendritic spine turnover in the cortex
Xu, H., Pan, F., Yang, G., & Gan, W. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1883 · Cited by 412
Herpes Simplex Virus-Specific Memory CD8+ T Cells Are Selectively Activated and Retained in Latently Infected Sensory Ganglia
Khanna, K. M., Bonneau, R. H., Kinchington, P. R., & Hendricks, R. L. (2003) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00112-2 · Cited by 403
Noncytotoxic Lytic Granule–Mediated CD8 + T Cell Inhibition of HSV-1 Reactivation from Neuronal Latency
Knickelbein, J. E., Khanna, K. M., Yee, M. B., Baty, C. J., Kinchington, P. R., & Hendricks, R. L. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1164164 · Cited by 395
Cd8+ T Cells Can Block Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Reactivation from Latency in Sensory Neurons
Liu, T., Khanna, K. M., Chen, X., Fink, D. J., & Hendricks, R. L. (2000) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.191.9.1459 · Cited by 385
Cellular Reservoirs of HIV-1 and their Role in Viral Persistence
Alexaki, A., Liu, Y., & Wigdahl, B. L. (2008) · Current HIV Research · doi:10.2174/157016208785861195 · Cited by 357
Human TRAF3 Adaptor Molecule Deficiency Leads to Impaired Toll-like Receptor 3 Response and Susceptibility to Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
de Diego, R. P., Sancho‐Shimizu, V., Lorenzo, L., Puel, A., Plancoulaine, S., Pïcard, C., Casadio, M., Cardon, A., Durandy, A., Bustamante, J. C., et al. (2010) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2010.08.014 · Cited by 348
Subcapsular sinus macrophages prevent CNS invasion on peripheral infection with a neurotropic virus
Iannacone, M., Moseman, E. A., Tonti, E., Bosurgi, L., Junt, T., Henrickson, S. E., Whelan, S. P. J., Guidotti, L. G., & von Andrian, U. H. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09118 · Cited by 329
Myelomonocytic cell recruitment causes fatal CNS vascular injury during acute viral meningitis
Kim, J. V., Kang, S. S., Dustin, M. L., & McGavern, D. B. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07591 · Cited by 326
Self-citation
Latent Herpesvirus Infection in Human Trigeminal Ganglia Causes Chronic Immune Response
Theil, D. J., Derfuss, T. J., Paripovic, I., Herberger, S., Meinl, E., Schüler, O. G., Strupp, M. L., Arbusow, V., & Brandt, T. (2003) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63575-4 · Cited by 311
JC virus infection of hematopoietic progenitor cells, primary B lymphocytes, and tonsillar stromal cells: implications for viral latency
Monaco, M. C., Atwood, W. J., Gravell, M., Tornatore, C., & Major, E. O. (1996) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.70.10.7004-7012.1996 · Cited by 293
Dynamic imaging of the immune system: progress, pitfalls and promise
Germain, R. N., Miller, M. J., Dustin, M. L., & Nussenzweig, M. C. (2006) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1884 · Cited by 275
JC Virus Enters Human Glial Cells by Clathrin-Dependent Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
Pho, M., Ashok, A., & Atwood, W. J. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.5.2288-2292.2000 · Cited by 253
Gamma Interferon Can Prevent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Reactivation from Latency in Sensory Neurons
Liu, T., Khanna, K. M., Carriere, B. N., & Hendricks, R. L. (2001) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.75.22.11178-11184.2001 · Cited by 243
Anti-CD8 impairs clearance of herpes simplex virus from the nervous system: implications for the fate of virally infected neurons.
Simmons, A., & Tscharke, D. C. (1992) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.175.5.1337 · Cited by 240
Human Brain Parenchymal Microglia Express CD14 and CD45 and are Productively Infected by HIV‐1 in HIV‐1 Encephalitis
Cosenza;, M. A., Zhao;, M., Si;, Q., & Lee, S. C. (2002) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2002.tb00461.x · Cited by 238
Selective retention of herpes simplex virus-specific T cells in latently infected human trigeminal ganglia
Verjans, G. M. G. M., Hintzen, R. Q., van Dun, J. M., Poot, A. M., Milikan, J. C. M., Laman, J. D., Langerak, A. W., Kinchington, P. R., & Osterhaus, A. D. M. E. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0610847104 · Cited by 234
Axonal transport mediates West Nile virus entry into the central nervous system and induces acute flaccid paralysis
Samuel, M. A., Wang, H., Siddharthan, V., Morrey, J. D., & Diamond, M. S. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0705837104 · Cited by 221
CD11c/EYFP transgene illuminates a discrete network of dendritic cells within the embryonic, neonatal, adult, and injured mouse brain
Bulloch, K., Miller, M. M., Toth, J. G., Milner, T. A., Gottfried‐Blackmore, A., Waters, E. M., Kaunzner, U. W., Liu, K., Lindquist, R. L., Nussenzweig, M. C., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.21668 · Cited by 215
Olfactory transmission of neurotropic viruses
Mori, I., Nishiyama, Y., Yokochi, T., & Kimura, Y. (2005) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1080/13550280590922793 · Cited by 213
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-1 infection
Cinque, P. M., Koralnik, I. J., Gerevini, S., Miró, J. M., & Price, R. W. (2009) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70226-9 · Cited by 211
CD16+ monocytes produce IL-6, CCL2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 upon interaction with CX3CL1-expressing endothelial cells
Ancuța, P., Wang, J., & Gabuzda, D. H. (2006) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0206125 · Cited by 210
Concepts in the Pathogenesis of Rabies
Dietzschold, B., Li, J., Faber, M., & Schnell, M. J. (2008) · Future Virology · doi:10.2217/17460794.3.5.481 · Cited by 207
CNS Inflammation and Macrophage/Microglial Biology Associated with HIV-1 Infection
Yadav, A., & Collman, R. G. (2009) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-009-9174-2 · Cited by 203
Immune response against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in mice without CD8 expression.
Fung‐Leung, W., Kündig, T. M., Zinkernagel, R. M., & Mak, T. W. (1991) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.174.6.1425 · Cited by 198
Transport and egress of herpes simplex virus in neurons
Diefenbach, R. J., Saksena, M. M., Douglas, M. W., & Cunningham, A. L. (2007) · Reviews in Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/rmv.560 · Cited by 197
MicroRNA Regulation of IFN-β Protein Expression: Rapid and Sensitive Modulation of the Innate Immune Response
Witwer, K. W., Sisk, J. M., Gama, L., & Clements, J. E. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0902712 · Cited by 186
A hitchhiker's guide to the nervous system: the complex journey of viruses and toxins
Salinas, S., Schiavo, G., & Kremer, E. J. (2010) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2395 · Cited by 184
Two-Photon Imaging in Living Brain Slices
Mainen, Z. F., Maletić‐Savatić, M., Shi, S., Hayashi, Y., Malinow, R., & Svoboda, K. (1999) · Methods · doi:10.1006/meth.1999.0776 · Cited by 175
The pericyte: Cellular regulator of microvascular blood flow
Kutcher, M., & Herman, I. M. (2009) · Microvascular Research · doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2009.01.007 · Cited by 168
Behavior of Parasite-Specific Effector CD8+ T Cells in the Brain and Visualization of a Kinesis-Associated System of Reticular Fibers
Wilson, E. H., Harris, T. H., Mrass, P., John, B., Wojno, E. D. T., Wu, G. F., Pepper, M., Wherry, E. J., Dzierzinski, F., Roos, D. S., et al. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.12.013 · Cited by 167
Emerging Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System
Tyler, K. L. (2009) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.153 · Cited by 161
Reversal of West Nile virus-induced blood–brain barrier disruption and tight junction proteins degradation by matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor
Verma, S., Kumar, M., Gurjav, U., Lum, S., & Nerurkar, V. R. (2010) · Virology · doi:10.1016/j.virol.2009.10.036 · Cited by 151
HIV-1 Infection of Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells and Their Role in Trafficking and Viral Dissemination
Alexaki, A., & Wigdahl, B. L. (2008) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000215 · Cited by 148
CD11c-expressing cells reside in the juxtavascular parenchyma and extend processes into the glia limitans of the mouse nervous system
Prodinger, C., Bunse, J., Krüger, M., Schiefenhövel, F., Brandt, C., Laman, J. D., Greter, M., Immig, K., Heppner, F. L., Becher, B., et al. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-010-0774-y · Cited by 147
Immune control of herpes simplex virus during latency
Khanna, K. M., Lepisto, A. J., Decman, V., & Hendricks, R. L. (2004) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2004.05.003 · Cited by 147
Herpes simplex type I (HSV-1) infection of the nervous system: Is an immune response a good thing?
Conrady, C. D., Drevets, D. A., & Carr, D. J. J. (2009) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.09.013 · Cited by 146
Novel Characterization of Monocyte-Derived Cell Populations in the Meninges and Choroid Plexus and Their Rates of Replenishment in Bone Marrow Chimeric Mice
Chinnery, H. R., Ruitenberg, M. J., & McMenamin, P. G. (2010) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e3181edbc1a · Cited by 143
Poliovirus entry into human brain microvascular cells requires receptor‐induced activation of SHP‐2
Coyne, C. B., Kim, K. S., & Bergelson, J. M. (2007) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601831 · Cited by 140
The Immediate-Early Protein, ICP0, Is Essential for the Resistance of Herpes Simplex Virus to Interferon-α/β
Härle, P., Sáinz, B., Carr, D. J. J., & Halford, W. P. (2002) · Virology · doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1280 · Cited by 133
Adaptive Mutations in the JC Virus Protein Capsid Are Associated with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Sunyaev, S. R., Lugovskoy, A. A., Simon, K. J., & Gorelik, L. (2009) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000368 · Cited by 130
Molecular anatomy of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell engagement and synapse formation in vivo
McGavern, D. B., Christen, U., & Oldstone, M. B. A. (2002) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni843 · Cited by 124
Self-citation
JC Virus Latency in the Brain and Extraneural Organs of Patients with and without Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
Tan, C. S., Ellis, L. C., Wüthrich, C., Ngo, L. H., Broge, T. A., Saint-Aubyn, J., Miller, J. S., & Koralnik, I. J. (2010) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00609-10 · Cited by 123
Interferon-induces expression of cyclin-dependent kinase-inhibitors p21WAF1 and p27Kip1 that prevent activation of cyclin-dependent kinase by CDK-activating kinase (CAK)
Mandal, M., Bandyopadhyay, D., Goepfert, T. M., & Kumar, R. (1998) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201529 · Cited by 122
Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A Is Required for Hematogenous Dissemination of Reovirus
Antar, A. A. R., Konopka, J. L., Campbell, J. A., Bonami, R. H., Perdigoto, A. L., Carter, B. D., Pozzi, A., Abel, T. W., & Dermody, T. S. (2009) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2008.12.001 · Cited by 121
Juxtavascular microglia migrate along brain microvessels following activation during early postnatal development
Grossmann, R. E., Stence, N., Carr, J., Fuller, L. C., Waite, M., & Dailey, M. E. (2002) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.10031 · Cited by 118
Dynamic Imaging of T Cell-Parasite Interactions in the Brains of Mice Chronically Infected with Toxoplasma gondii
Schaeffer, M., Han, S., Chtanova, T., van Dooren, G. G., Herzmark, P., Chen, Y., Roysam, B., Striepen, B., & Robey, E. A. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0804307 · Cited by 118
Human Polyomavirus JC (JCV) Infection of Human B Lymphocytes: A Possible Mechanism for JCV Transmigration across the Blood‐Brain Barrier
Chapagain, M. L., & Nerurkar, V. R. (2010) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/653823 · Cited by 117
Alteration of Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity by Retroviral Infection
Afonso, P. V., Ozden, S., Cumont, M.-C., Seilhean, D., Cartier, L., Rezaie, P., Mason, S., Lambert, S., Huerre, M., Gessain, A., et al. (2008) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000205 · Cited by 112
Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Inhibits Antiviral IFN-β Signaling To Enhance HIV-1 Replication in Macrophages
Akhtar, L. N., Qin, H., Muldowney, M., Yanagisawa, L. L., Kutsch, O., Clements, J. E., & Benveniste, E. N. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0903563 · Cited by 99
The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Can Protect Neuron-Derived C1300 and Neuro2A Cells from Granzyme B-Induced Apoptosis and CD8 T-Cell Killing
Jiang, X., Chentoufi, A. A., Hsiang, C., Carpenter, D., Osorio, N., BenMohamed, L., Fraser, N. W., Jones, C., & Wechsler, S. L. (2010) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01791-10 · Cited by 95
Neuroinvasion of Fluorescein-Positive Monocytes in Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Clay, C. C., Rodrigues, D. S., Ho, Y. S., Fallert, B. A., Janatpour, K. A., Reinhart, T. A., & Esser, U. (2007) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00133-07 · Cited by 89
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection of the central nervous system
Silvia, S. K. (2008) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/3021 · Cited by 87
Epstein-Barr virus infection of human brain microvessel endothelial cells: A novel role in multiple sclerosis
Casiraghi, C., Dorovini‐Zis, K., & Horwitz, M. S. (2010) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.08.003 · Cited by 87
Coordinated Regulation of SIV Replication and Immune Responses in the CNS
Witwer, K. W., Gama, L., Li, M., Bartizal, C. M., Queen, S. E., Varrone, J. J., Brice, A. K., Graham, D. R. M., Tarwater, P. M., Mankowski, J. L., et al. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008129 · Cited by 86
Early CD4+ T Cell Help Prevents Partial CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion and Promotes Maintenance of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Latency
Frank, G. M., Lepisto, A. J., Freeman, M. L., Sheridan, B. S., Cherpes, T. L., & Hendricks, R. L. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0902373 · Cited by 85
Immune Control of HSV-1 Latency
Decman, V., Freeman, M. L., Kinchington, P. R., & Hendricks, R. L. (2005) · Viral Immunology · doi:10.1089/vim.2005.18.466 · Cited by 84
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Investigation of three cases using in situ hybridization with JC virus biotinylated DNA probe
Aksamit, A. J., Mourrain, P., Sever, J. L., & Major, E. O. (1985) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410180412 · Cited by 82
Polyomavirus JC infects human brain microvascular endothelial cells independent of serotonin receptor 2A
Chapagain, M. L., Verma, S., Mercier, F., Yanagihara, R. T., & Nerurkar, V. R. (2007) · Virology · doi:10.1016/j.virol.2007.02.018 · Cited by 81
A Triple Entente: Virus, Neurons, and CD8+ T Cells Maintain HSV-1 Latency
Divito, S. J., Cherpes, T. L., & Hendricks, R. L. (2006) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1385/ir:36:1:119 · Cited by 81
Innate Response to Focal Necrotic Injury Inside the Blood-Brain Barrier
Kim, J. V., & Dustin, M. L. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.8.5269 · Cited by 79
Mechanism for the Establishment of Transcriptional HIV Latency in the Brain in a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–Macaque Model
Barber, S. A., Gama, L., Dudaronek, J. M., Voelker, T., Tarwater, P. M., & Clements, J. E. (2006) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/500983 · Cited by 77
Searching for Clues: Tracking the Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Central Nervous System Disease by Use of an Accelerated, Consistent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Macaque Model
Mankowski, J. L., Clements, J. E., & Zink, M. C. (2002) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/344938 · Cited by 77
Mouse Adenovirus Type 1-Induced Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Gralinski, L. E., Ashley, S. L., Dixon, S. D., & Spindler, K. R. (2009) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00954-09 · Cited by 70
Cutting Edge: Local Recall Responses by Memory T Cells Newly Recruited to Peripheral Nonlymphoid Tissues
Wakim, L., Gebhardt, T., Heath, W., & Carbone, F. (2008) · Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.9.5837 · Cited by 69
Bornavirus and the Brain
de la Torre, J. C. (2002) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/344936 · Cited by 69
Making It to the Synapse: Measles Virus Spread in and Among Neurons
Young, V. A., & Rall, G. F. (2008) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_1 · Cited by 67
Interferon Alpha Induces Establishment of Alphaherpesvirus Latency in Sensory Neurons In Vitro
Regge, N. D., Opdenbosch, N. V., Nauwynck, H., Efstathiou, S., & Favoreel, H. W. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013076 · Cited by 67
Pneumococcal cell wall components induce nitric oxide synthase and TNF-α in astroglial-enriched cultures
Freyer, D., Weih, M., Weber, J. R., Bürger, W., Scholz, P., Manz, R., Ziegenhorn, A. A., Angestwurm, K., & Dirnagl, U. (1996) · Glia · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199601)16:1 · Cited by 65
Innate immune responses and control of acute simian immunodeficiency virus replication in the central nervous system
Barber, S. A., Herbst, D., Bullock, B. T., Gama, L., & Clements, J. E. (2004) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1080/753312747 · Cited by 65
Activation of Toll‐like receptors inhibits herpes simplex virus‐1 infection of human neuronal cells
Zhou, Y., Li, Y., Wan, Q., Zhou, L., Wang, X., Li, J., Hu, S., Zhou, D., & Ho, W. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.22110 · Cited by 61
α-Herpesvirus glycoprotein D interaction with sensory neurons triggers formation of varicosities that serve as virus exit sites
Regge, N. D., Nauwynck, H., Geenen, K., Krummenacher, C., Cohen, G. H., Eisenberg, R. J., Mettenleiter, T. C., & Favoreel, H. W. (2006) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200510156 · Cited by 60
Chapter 16 Two‐Photon Microscopy and Multidimensional Analysis of Cell Dynamics
Zinselmeyer, B. H., Dempster, J., Wokosin, D. L., Cannon, J. J., Pless, R. B., Parker, I., & Miller, M. J. (2009) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(09)05416-0 · Cited by 59
HveC (nectin-1) is expressed at high levels in sensory neurons, but not in motor neurons, of the rat peripheral nervous system
Mata, M. Z. M. (2001) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1080/135502801753170336 · Cited by 58
Latency of α-Herpes Viruses Is Accompanied by a Chronic Inflammation in Human Trigeminal Ganglia But Not in Dorsal Root Ganglia
Hüfner, K., Derfuss, T. J., Herberger, S., Sunami, K., Russell, S., Sinicina, I., Arbusow, V., Strupp, M. L., Brandt, T., & Theil, D. J. (2006) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/01.jnen.0000235852.92963.bf · Cited by 58
An immune control model for viral replication in the CNS during presymptomatic HIV infection
McCrossan, M., Marsden, M. D., Carnie, F. W., Minnis, S., Hansoti, B., Anthony, I., Brettle, R. P., Bell, J. E., & Peter Simmonds, K. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh695 · Cited by 57
Leukocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier: perspectives on neuroAIDS
Roberts, T. K. (2009) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/3631 · Cited by 56
Reevaluating the CD8 T-Cell Response to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1: Involvement of CD8 T Cells Reactive to Subdominant Epitopes
Sheridan, B. S., Cherpes, T. L., Urban, J. A., Kaliński, P., & Hendricks, R. L. (2008) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01699-08 · Cited by 56
Borna Disease Virus Glycoprotein Is Required for Viral Dissemination in Neurons
Bajramovic, J. J., Münter, S., Syan, S., Nehrbass, U., Brahic, M., & Gonzalez‐Dunia, D. (2003) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.77.22.12222-12231.2003 · Cited by 53
Presence of HSV‐1 Immediate Early Genes and Clonally Expanded T‐cells with a Memory Effector Phenotype in Human Trigeminal Ganglia
Derfuss, T. J., Segerer, S., Herberger, S., Sinicina, I., Hüfner, K., Ebelt, K., Knaus, H., Steiner, I., Meinl, E., Dornmair, K., et al. (2007) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00088.x · Cited by 51
Traffic of leukocytes in the central nervous system is associated with chemokine up-regulation in a severe model of herpes simplex encephalitis: An intravital microscopy study
Vilela, M. C., Mansur, D. S., Lacerda‐Queiroz, N., Rodrigues, D. H., Arantes, R. M. E., Kroon, E. G., Campos, M. A., Teixeira, M. M., & Teixeira, A. L. (2008) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.08.072 · Cited by 48
Microbial Induction of Vascular Pathology in the CNS
Kang, S. S., & McGavern, D. B. (2010) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-010-9208-9 · Cited by 44
Self-citation
Emerging epidemic viral encephalitides with a special focus on henipaviruses
Wong, K. T. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-010-0720-z · Cited by 44
Identification of T lymphocytes in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis: Distribution of CD8+T cells in association with central nervous system vessels and virus
Kim, W., Corey, S. M., Chesney, G., Knight, H., Klumpp, S. A., Wüthrich, C., Letvin, N. L., Koralnik, I. J., Lackner, A. A., Veasey, R. S., et al. (2004) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1080/13550280490505382 · Cited by 39
Directional Transneuronal Spread of α-Herpesvirus Infection
Curanović, D., & Enquist, L. W. (2009) · Future Virology · doi:10.2217/fvl.09.62 · Cited by 38
CD8 T Cell Control of HSV Reactivation from Latency Is Abrogated by Viral Inhibition of MHC Class I
Orr, M. T., Mathis, M. A., Lagunoff, M., Sacks, J. A., & Wilson, C. B. (2007) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2007.06.013 · Cited by 37
Host Response and Dysfunction in the CNS during Chronic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Roberts, E., Huitrón‐Reséndiz, S., Taffe, M. A., Marcondes, M. C. G., Flynn, C. T., Lanigan, C. M. S., Hammond, J. A., Head, S. R., Henriksen, S. J., & Fox, H. S. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4504-05.2006 · Cited by 34
Enhancement of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Specific CD8+T Cells in Cerebrospinal Fluid Compared to Those in Blood among Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive HIV-Positive Subjects
Sadagopal, S., Lorey, S. L., Barnett, L. D., Basham, R., Lebo, L. A., Erdem, H., Haman, K., Avison, M. J., Waddell, K. W., Haas, D. W., et al. (2008) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01190-08 · Cited by 33
ICP0 Prevents RNase L-Independent rRNA Cleavage in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Cells
Sobol, P. T., & Mossman, K. L. (2005) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.80.1.218-225.2006 · Cited by 32
Interaction of viruses with host cell molecular motors
Hsieh, M. J., White, P. J., & Pouton, C. W. (2010) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2010.06.009 · Cited by 30
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: What’s New?
Focosi, D., Tuccori, M., Kast, R. E., Maggi, F., Ceccherini‐Nelli, L., & Petrini, M. (2010) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858409356594 · Cited by 30
Axon Myelin Transfer of a Non-Enveloped Virus
Roussarie, J.-P., Ruffié, C., Edgar, J. M., Griffiths, I. R., & Brahic, M. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001331 · Cited by 25
Inflammation on the Mind: Visualizing Immunity in the Central Nervous System
Kang, S. S., & McGavern, D. B. (2009) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-93864-4_10 · Cited by 18
Self-citation
Virus-host interaction in the simian immunodeficiency virus–infected brain
Fox, H. S. (2008) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1080/13550280802132824 · Cited by 13
Regulation of SIVmac239 Basal Long Terminal Repeat Activity and Viral Replication in Macrophages
Ravimohan, S., Gama, L., Barber, S. A., & Clements, J. E. (2009) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m109.075929 · Cited by 11

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Tyler, K. L. Emerging viral infections of the central nervous system: part 1. Arch. Neurol. 66, 939–948 (2009).

Sorted by citations

Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back
Sweeney, M. D., Zhao, Z., Montagne, A., Nelson, A. R., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00050.2017 · Cited by 2,312
Microglia development and function
Nayak, D., Roth, T. L., & McGavern, D. B. (2014) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120240 · Cited by 1,154
Self-citation
Strategies for delivering therapeutics across the blood–brain barrier
Terstappen, G. C., Meyer, A. H., Bell, R. D., & Zhang, W. (2021) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-021-00139-y · Cited by 1,138
Human coronaviruses and other respiratory viruses: underestimated opportunistic pathogens of the central nervous system?
Desforges, M., Le Coupanec, A., Dubeau, P., Bourgouin, A., Lajoie, L., Dubé, M., & Talbot, P. J. (2019) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v12010014 · Cited by 1,048
Revisiting the Mechanisms of CNS Immune Privilege
Louveau, A., Harris, T. H., & Kipnis, J. (2015) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2015.08.006 · Cited by 682

See all 281

Authors: McGavern, D. B., & Kang, S. S.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: McGavern, Dorian B.
ORCID: McGavern, Dorian B.
Kang, Silvia S.
Venue: Nature Reviews Immunology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2011-04-21
Volume: 11
Issue: 5
Pages: 318-329
ISSN: 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
1474-1741
DOI: 10.1038/nri2971
PMC: PMC5001841
OpenAlex: W2059369279
Cited by: 281
References: 119
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 1.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature reviews. Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 061447-01, F32NS061447, ZIANS003111)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
Keywords: neurotropic viruses, viral persistence, viral latency, antiviral immunity, immune surveillance, neuroinflammation, viral neuroinfection
MeSH terms: Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Capillary Permeability, Central Nervous System, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Viruses, Virus Latency, Peripheral Nervous System, Central Nervous System Viral Diseases, Blood-Nerve Barrier, Virus Internalization

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks