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Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: from cellular dysfunctions to immunotherapy
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Sepsis - which is a severe life-threatening infection with organ dysfunction - initiates a complex interplay of host pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. Sepsis can be considered a race to the death between the pathogens and the host immune system, and it is the proper balance between the often competing pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways that determines the fate of the individual. Although the field of sepsis research has witnessed the failure of many highly touted clinical trials, a better understanding of the pathophysiological basis of the disorder and the mechanisms responsible for the associated pro- and anti-inflammatory responses provides a novel approach for treating this highly lethal condition. Biomarker-guided immunotherapy that is administered to patients at the proper immune phase of sepsis is potentially a major advance in the treatment of sepsis and in the field of infectious disease.
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“From a pathophysiological perspective, sepsis has often been considered as a syndrome evolving from an initial state of systemic and hypermetabolic inflammation into a more protracted phase of immunosuppression, characterized by lymphocyte exhaustion and apoptosis, diminished capacity of monocytes and macrophages to release pro-inflammatory cytokines, and occurrence of secondary infections [1].”
From Nutrition in Sepsis: A Bench-to-Bedside Review. (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hotchkiss, R. S., Monneret, G., & Payen, D.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon (FR)
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Hotchkiss, Richard S.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Immunology
- Published
- 2013-11-15
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 862-874
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- PMC
- PMC4077177
- OpenAlex
- W2083513831
- Cited by
- 2,772
- References
- 174
- Citations by year
- 2026: 364 · 2025: 277 · 2024: 241 · 2023: 227 · 2022: 239 · 2021: 286 · 2020: 227 · 2019: 220 · 2018: 178 · 2017: 199 · 2016: 147 · 2015: 101 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 12.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Washington
- Hospices Civils de Lyon
- National Institutes of Health (GM44118)
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA091842)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM55194, R01GM055194, R37GM044118, R01GM098391, R01GM044118, GM 44118)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- sepsis, sepsis-induced immunosuppression, immunotherapy, cellular dysfunction, hyperinflammation, biomarker-guided therapy, host immune response, organ dysfunction, intensive care
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Innate, Immunotherapy, Inflammation, Sepsis, Models, Animal, Mice
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