Mammalian Rho GTPases: new insights into their functions from in vivo studies
Abstract
Rho GTPases are key regulators of cytoskeletal dynamics and affect many cellular processes, including cell polarity, migration, vesicle trafficking and cytokinesis. These proteins are conserved from plants and yeast to mammals, and function by interacting with and stimulating various downstream targets, including actin nucleators, protein kinases and phospholipases. The roles of Rho GTPases have been extensively studied in different mammalian cell types using mainly dominant negative and constitutively active mutants. The recent availability of knockout mice for several members of the Rho family reveals new information about their roles in signalling to the cytoskeleton and in development.
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Rho GTPases play important roles in regulating the actin cytoskeleton, which is essential for spine-specific, long-term structural and functional plasticity.
“Rho GTPases may constitute such signalling, because they play important roles in regulating actin cytoskeleton3,16, which is essential for spine-specific, long-term structural and functional plasticity14,17.”
From Local, persistent activation of Rho GTPases during plasticity of single dendritic spines (2011) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Heasman, S. J., & Ridley, A. J.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- ORCID
- Ridley, Anne J.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2008-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 690-701
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- OpenAlex
- W2071199281
- Cited by
- 1,871
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 95 · 2020: 87 · 2019: 95 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 103 · 2016: 126 · 2015: 116 · 2014: 139 · 2013: 151 · 2012: 147
- FWCI
- 10.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Cancer Research UK
- Research Councils UK
- European Commission
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- Rho GTPases, Rho family, knockout mice, cytoskeleton regulation, cell polarity, cell migration, vesicle trafficking, cytokinesis, actin nucleators, protein kinases, phospholipase, developmental signalling, Rho effectors
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Mammals, Neurons, rho GTP-Binding Proteins, rac GTP-Binding Proteins, cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein
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