Cited by 617Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ResearchHereditary Neurological DisordersAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

Molecular pathways of motor neuron injury in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Open access
Ferraiuolo, Laura, Kirby, Janine, Grierson, Andrew J., Sendtner, Michael, Shaw, Pamela J.·2011·Nature Reviews Neurology

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a genetically diverse disease. At least 15 ALS-associated gene loci have so far been identified, and the causative gene is known in approximately 30% of familial ALS cases. Less is known about the factors underlying the sporadic form of the disease. The molecular mechanisms of motor neuron degeneration are best understood in the subtype of disease caused by mutations in superoxide dismutase 1, with a current consensus that motor neuron injury is caused by a complex interplay between multiple pathogenic processes. A key recent finding is that mutated TAR DNA-binding protein 43 is a major constituent of the ubiquitinated protein inclusions in ALS, providing a possible link between the genetic mutation and the cellular pathology. New insights have also indicated the importance of dysregulated glial cell-motor neuron crosstalk, and have highlighted the vulnerability of the distal axonal compartment early in the disease course. In addition, recent studies have suggested that disordered RNA processing is likely to represent a major contributing factor to motor neuron disease. Ongoing research on the cellular pathways highlighted in this Review is predicted to open the door to new therapeutic interventions to slow disease progression in ALS.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.152

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201 of 201 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Approximately 10% of ALS cases are familial with autosomal dominant inheritance of mutations reported in at least 15 genes, including SOD1, TARDBP, FUS, ANG, and OPTN, and an expanded hexanucleotide repeat of GGGGCC in a noncoding region of the C9ORF72 gene.

    “Approximately 10% of ALS cases are familial with autosomal dominant inheritance of mutations reported in at least 15 genes, including to name a few SOD1 , TARDBP , FUS , ANG , and OPTN (11, 18, 174, 465), and an expanded hexanucleotide repeat of GGGGCC in a noncoding region of the C9ORF72 gene (140, 497).”

    From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [174]

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Authors
Ferraiuolo, L., Kirby, J., Grierson, A. J., Sendtner, M., & Shaw, P. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Sheffield (GB)
  • University of Würzburg (DE)
Corresponding author
Shaw, Pamela J.
Venue
Nature Reviews Neurology
Published
2011-11
Volume
7
Issue
11
Pages
616-630
ISSN
  • 1759-4758 (ISSN-L)
  • 1759-4766
OpenAlex
W2025413109
Cited by
615
References
202
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 45
FWCI
6.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Wellcome Trust
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Hereditary Neurological Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, motor neuron injury, motor neuron degeneration, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, superoxide dismutase 1, TDP-43, sporadic ALS, familial ALS, therapeutic target
MeSH terms
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Humans, Motor Neurons, Nerve Degeneration

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