Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the recovery stage of COVID-19 by single-cell RNA sequencing technique. It was found that T cells decreased remarkably, whereas monocytes increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERS) of COVID-19. There was an increased ratio of classical CD14 ++ monocytes with high inflammatory gene expression as well as a greater abundance of CD14 ++ IL1β + monocytes in the ERS. CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells decreased significantly and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS. Among the B cells, the plasma cells increased remarkably, whereas the naïve B cells decreased. Several novel B cell-receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for virus vaccine development were confirmed. The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not been reported yet. Furthermore, integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory storm and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune signature in the ERS, suggesting COVID-19 patients are still vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of novel BCR signaling may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Milder disease and recovery are linked to stronger clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells in lungs and blood, but causality is uncertain.
“Milder disease and recovery have been associated with a more robust clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells in both the lungs and blood42,43, although whether this is the cause of milder disease or an effect of recovery is unclear.”
From Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5 · Cited by 48,884 · see citing works
A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019
Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B., Shi, W., Lu, R., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001017 · Cited by 28,244 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Wang, B., Xiang, H., Cheng, Z., Xiong, Y., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585 · Cited by 20,148 · see citing works
Self-citationLa certeza de lo impredecible: Cultura Educación y Sociedad en tiempos de COVID19
Martínez González, M. (2020) · DSPACE System - Metalibrary (University of the Coast) · Cited by 18,463 · see citing works
Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001316 · Cited by 16,575 · see citing works
Comprehensive Integration of Single-Cell Data
Stuart, T., Butler, A., Hoffman, P., Hafemeister, C., Papalexi, E., Mauck, W. M., Hao, Y., Stoeckius, M., Smibert, P., & Satija, R. (2019) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.031 · Cited by 15,453 · see citing works
Metascape provides a biologist-oriented resource for the analysis of systems-level datasets
Zhou, Y., Zhou, B., Pache, L., Chang, M., Khodabakhshi, A. H., Tanaseichuk, O., Benner, C., & Chanda, S. K. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09234-6 · Cited by 14,611 · see citing works
Structure, function and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
Walls, A. C., Park, Y.-J., Tortorici, M. A., Wall, A., McGuire, A. T., & Veesler, D. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.02.19.956581 · Cited by 8,586 · see citing works
Chan, J., Yuan, S.-F., Kok, K.-H., To, K., Chu, H., Yang, J., Xing, F., Liu, J.-L., Yip, C., Poon, R., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30154-9 · Cited by 8,450 · see citing works
Trapnell, C., Cacchiarelli, D., Grimsby, J., Pokharel, P., Li, S., Morse, M., Lennon, N. J., Livak, K. J., Mikkelsen, T. S., & Rinn, J. L. (2014) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2859 · Cited by 7,314 · see citing works
A Trial of Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19
Cao, B., Wang, Y., Wen, D., Liu, W., Wang, J., Fan, G., Ruan, L., Song, B., Cai, Y., Wei, M., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001282 · Cited by 5,187 · see citing works
Self-citationDysregulation of Immune Response in Patients With Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China
Qin, C., Zhou, L., Hu, Z., Zhang, S., Yang, S., Tao, Y., Xie, C., Ma, K., Shang, K., Wang, W., et al. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa248 · Cited by 4,775 · see citing works
Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019
Chen, G., Wu, D., Guo, W., Cao, Y., Huang, D., Wang, H., Wang, T., Zhang, X., Chen, H., Yu, H., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci137244 · Cited by 4,750 · see citing works
Self-citationYao, X., Ye, F., Zhang, M., Cui, C., Huang, B., Niu, P., Liu, X., Zhao, L. Y., Dong, E., Song, C., et al. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa237 · Cited by 2,665 · see citing works
Self-citationChannappanavar, R., & Perlman, S. (2017) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-017-0629-x · Cited by 2,524 · see citing works
Single-cell RNA-seq reveals new types of human blood dendritic cells, monocytes, and progenitors
Villani, A.-C., Satija, R., Reynolds, G., Sarkizova, S., Shekhar, K., Fletcher, J., Griesbeck, M., Butler, A., Zheng, S., Lazo, S., et al. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aah4573 · Cited by 2,413 · see citing works
Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore
Young, B. E., Ong, S. W. X., Kalimuddin, S., Low, J. G. H., Tan, S. Y., Loh, J., Ng, O. T., Marimuthu, K., Ang, L. W., Mak, T. M., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.3204 · Cited by 2,058 · see citing works
Assiri, A., Al-Tawfiq, J. A., Al-Rabeeah, A. A., Al-Rabiah, F. A., Al-Hajjar, S., Al-Barrak, A., Flemban, H., Al-Nassir, W. N., Balkhy, H. H., Al-Hakeem, R. F., et al. (2013) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70204-4 · Cited by 1,435 · see citing works
Channappanavar, R., Fehr, A. R., Vijay, R., Mack, M., Zhao, J., Meyerholz, D. K., & Perlman, S. M. (2016) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.01.007 · Cited by 1,400 · see citing works
Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS
Gu, J., Gong, E., Zhang, B., Zheng, J., Gao, Z., Zhong, Y., Zou, W., Zhan, J., Wang, S., Xie, Z., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20050828 · Cited by 1,379 · see citing works
Pathogenic T-cells and inflammatory monocytes incite inflammatory storms in severe COVID-19 patients
Zhou, Y., Fu, B., Zheng, X., Wang, D., Zhao, C., Qi, Y., Sun, R., Tian, Z., Xu, X., & Wei, H. (2020) · National Science Review · doi:10.1093/nsr/nwaa041 · Cited by 1,295 · see citing works
Self-citationQiu, H., Wu, J., Hong, L., Luo, Y., Song, Q., & Dong, C. (2020) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30198-5 · Cited by 1,282 · see citing works
MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia
Yin, Y., & Wunderink, R. G. (2017) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/resp.13196 · Cited by 1,095 · see citing works
Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome
Nicholls, J. M., Poon, L. L., Lee, K. C., Ng, W. F., Lai, S. T., Leung, C. Y., Chu, C. M., Hui, P. K., Mak, K. L., Lim, W., et al. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13413-7 · Cited by 1,076 · see citing works
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy
Livingston, E., & Bucher, K. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4344 · Cited by 1,010 · see citing works
Thevarajan, I., Nguyen, T. H. O., Koutsakos, M., Druce, J. D., Caly, L., van de Sandt, C. E., Jia, X., Nicholson, S. R., Catton, M. C., Cowie, B., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0819-2 · Cited by 993 · see citing works
Single-cell immune landscape of human atherosclerotic plaques
Fernandez, D. M., Rahman, A. H., Fernandez, N. F., Chudnovskiy, A., Amir, E.-A. D., Amadori, L., Khan, N. S., Wong, C. K., Shamailova, R., Hill, C. A., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0590-4 · Cited by 970 · see citing works
Self-citationBonilla, F. A., & Oettgen, H. C. (2010) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.09.017 · Cited by 872 · see citing works
Thomas, P. G., Dash, P., Aldridge, J. R., Ellebedy, A. H., Reynolds, C., Funk, A. J., Martin, W. J., Lamkanfi, M., Webby, R. J., Boyd, K. L., et al. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.02.006 · Cited by 749 · see citing works
Liu, J., Zheng, X., Tong, Q., Li, W., Wang, B., Sutter, K., Trilling, M., Lu, M., Dittmer, U., & Yang, D. (2020) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.25709 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS
Dandekar, A. A., & Perlman, S. M. (2005) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1732 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Airway Memory CD4+ T Cells Mediate Protective Immunity against Emerging Respiratory Coronaviruses
Zhao, J., Zhao, J., Mangalam, A. K., Channappanavar, R., Fett, C., Meyerholz, D. K., Agnihothram, S., Baric, R. S., David, C. S., & Perlman, S. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.05.006 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Kumar, M. P., Du, J., Lagoudas, G., Yang, J., Sawyer, A. J., Drummond, D. C., Lauffenburger, D. A., & Raue, A. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.047 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Schmitz, N., Kurrer, M. O., Bachmann, M. F., & Köpf, M. (2005) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.79.10.6441-6448.2005 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Wan, Y., Qiu, C., Quiñones‐Parra, S. M., Zhu, Z., Loh, L., Tian, D., Ren, Y., Hu, Y., Zhang, X., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms7833 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Self-citationZhou, Y., Fu, B., Zheng, X., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.02.12.945576 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Critical care management of adults with community-acquired severe respiratory viral infection
Arabi, Y. M., Fowler, R., & Hayden, F. G. (2020) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-020-05943-5 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Recovery from the Middle East respiratory syndrome is associated with antibody and T cell responses
Zhao, J., Alshukairi, A. N., Baharoon, S. A., Ahmed, W., Bokhari, A. A., Nehdi, A., Layqah, L. A., Alghamdi, M., Algethamy, M., Dada, A. M., et al. (2017) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aan5393 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
A Single-Cell Sequencing Guide for Immunologists
See, P., Lum, J., Chen, J., & Ginhoux, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02425 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Zhang, F., Yu, W., Tian, H., Yu, J., Yi, C. E., Ba, L., Li, W., Farzan, M., Chen, Z., et al. (2005) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.20499 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Innate and adaptive immune responses to viral infection and vaccination
Aoshi, T., Koyama, S., Kobiyama, K., Akira, S., & Ishii, K. J. (2011) · Current Opinion in Virology · doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.07.002 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Goodwin, E. C., Gilman, M., Wrapp, D., Chen, M., Ngwuta, J. O., Moin, S., Bai, P., Sivasubramanian, A., Connor, R., Wright, P., et al. (2018) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2018.01.005 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Species-Specific Host–Virus Interactions: Implications for Viral Host Range and Virulence
Rothenburg, S., & Brennan, G. (2019) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2019.08.007 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Polyclonal and convergent antibody response to Ebola virus vaccine rVSV-ZEBOV
Ehrhardt, S., Zehner, M., Krähling, V., Cohen‐Dvashi, H., Kreer, C., Elad, N., Gruell, H., Ercanoglu, M. S., Schommers, P., Gieselmann, L., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0602-4 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Fox, A., Hoa, L. N. M., Horby, P., van Doorn, H. R., Trung, N. V., Ha, N. H., Trung, N., Phu, V. D., Ha, N. M., Ngoc, D. N. T., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031535 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Fu, Y., Zhang, Z., Sheehan, J., Avnir, Y., Ridenour, C. A., Sachnik, T., Sun, J., Hossain, M. J., Chen, L.-M., Zhu, Q. K., et al. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms12780 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Ryon, J. J., Moss, W. J., Monze, M., & Griffin, D. E. (2002) · Clinical and Vaccine Immunology · doi:10.1128/cdli.9.5.994-1003.2002 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Thomson, C. A., Bryson, S., McLean, G. R., Creagh, A. L., PAI, E. F., & Schrader, J. W. (2008) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.179 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
This scientist hopes to test coronavirus drugs on animals in locked-down Wuhan
Cyranoski, D. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00190-6 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Thevarajan, I., Nguyen, T. H. O., Koutsakos, M., et al. (2020) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.2.24186/v1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Thomson, C. A., Little, K. Q., Reason, D. C., & Schrader, J. W. (2011) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0904092 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Thevarajan, I., Nguyen, T. H. O., Koutsakos, M., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.02.20.20025841 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Coronavirus biology and replication: implications for SARS-CoV-2
V’kovski, P., Kratzel, A., Steiner, S., Stalder, H., & Thiel, V. (2020) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-020-00468-6 · Cited by 3,175 · see citing works
Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages
Merad, M., & Martin, J. C. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-020-0331-4 · Cited by 2,472 · see citing works
Mathew, D., Giles, J. R., Baxter, A. E., Oldridge, D. A., Greenplate, A. R., Wu, J. E., Alanio, C., Kuri-Cervantes, L., Pampena, M. B., D’Andrea, K., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc8511 · Cited by 1,509 · see citing works
Immunology of COVID-19: Current State of the Science
Vabret, N., Britton, G. J., Gruber, C., Hegde, S., Kim, J., Kuksin, M., Levantovsky, R., Malle, L., Moreira, A., Park, M. D., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.002 · Cited by 1,623 · see citing works
Risk factors for severe and critically ill COVID‐19 patients: A review
Gao, Y., Ding, M., Dong, X., Zhang, J., Azkur, A. K., Azkur, D., Gan, H. K., Sun, Y., Fu, W., Li, W., et al. (2020) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.14657 · Cited by 1,399 · see citing works
Single‐cell RNA sequencing technologies and applications: A brief overview
Jovic, D., Liang, X., Zeng, H., Lin, L., Xu, F., & Luo, Y. (2022) · Clinical and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/ctm2.694 · Cited by 1,307 · see citing works
Spatiotemporal Immune Landscape of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis at Single-Cell Level
Wu, Y., Yang, S., Ma, J., Chen, Z., Song, G., Rao, D., Cheng, Y., Huang, S., Liu, Y., Jiang, S., et al. (2021) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0316 · Cited by 1,199 · see citing works
Self-citationChua, R. L., Lukassen, S., Trump, S., Hennig, B. P., Wendisch, D., Pott, F., Debnath, O., Thürmann, L., Kurth, F., Völker, M. T., et al. (2020) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0602-4 · Cited by 1,035 · see citing works
COVID-19 immune features revealed by a large-scale single-cell transcriptome atlas
Ren, X., Wen, W., Fan, X., Hou, W., Su, B., Cai, P., Li, J., Liu, Y., Tang, F., Zhang, F., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.053 · Cited by 865 · see citing works
Self-citationCOVID-19: immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapeutics
Li, Y., Liu, S., Liu, J., Zhang, Z., Wan, X., Huang, B., Chen, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00243-2 · Cited by 923 · see citing works
Rodrigues, T. S., de Sá, K. S. G., Ishimoto, A. Y., Becerra, A., Oliveira, S., Almeida, L., Gonçalves, A. V., Perucello, D. B., Andrade, W. A., Castro, R., et al. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20201707 · Cited by 839 · see citing works
Comprehensive mapping of immune perturbations associated with severe COVID-19
Kuri-Cervantes, L., Pampena, M. B., Meng, W., Rosenfeld, A. M., Ittner, C. A. G., Weisman, A. R., Agyekum, R. S., Mathew, D., Baxter, A. E., Vella, L. A., et al. (2020) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abd7114 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
T cell responses in patients with COVID-19
Chen, Z., & John Wherry, E. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-020-0402-6 · Cited by 797 · see citing works
Wang, J., Jiang, M., Chen, X., & Montaner, L. J. (2020) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.3covr0520-272r · Cited by 730 · see citing works
The hypercoagulable state in COVID-19: Incidence, pathophysiology, and management
Abou-Ismail, M. Y., Diamond, A., Kapoor, S., Arafah, Y., & Nayak, L. (2020) · Thrombosis Research · doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2020.06.029 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans
Sadarangani, M., Marchant, A., & Kollmann, T. R. (2021) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00578-z · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Catanzaro, M., Fagiani, F., Racchi, M., Corsini, E., Govoni, S. M., & Lanni, C. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-0191-1 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Mapping single-cell data to reference atlases by transfer learning
Lotfollahi, M., Naghipourfar, M., Luecken, M. D., Khajavi, M., Büttner, M., Wagenstetter, M., Avsec, Ž., Gayoso, A., Yosef, N., Interlandi, M., et al. (2022) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-021-01001-7 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Immunopathology of Hyperinflammation in COVID-19
Gustine, J. N., & Jones, D. (2021) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.08.009 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
The COVID-19 puzzle: deciphering pathophysiology and phenotypes of a new disease entity
Osuchowski, M., Winkler, M., Skirecki, T., Cajander, S., Shankar-Hari, M., Lachmann, G., Monneret, G., Venet, F., Bauer, M., Brunkhorst, F., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00218-6 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
The many faces of the anti-COVID immune response
Vardhana, S. A., & Wolchok, J. D. (2020) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20200678 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
CoV-AbDab: the coronavirus antibody database
Raybould, M. I. J., Kovaltsuk, A., Marks, C., & Deane, C. M. (2021) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa739 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Severe COVID-19
Freeman, T. L., & Swartz, T. H. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01518 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Bernardes, J. P., Mishra, N., Tran, F., Bahmer, T., Best, L., Blase, J. I., Bordoni, D., Franzenburg, J., Geisen, U. M., Josephs‐Spaulding, J., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.017 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A systematic review
Shrotri, M., van Schalkwyk, M. C., Post, N., Eddy, D., Huntley, C., Leeman, D., Rigby, S., Williams, S. V., Bermingham, W. H., Kellam, P., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245532 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Wauters, E., Mol, P. V., Garg, A. D., Jansen, S., Herck, Y. V., Vanderbeke, L., Bassez, A., Boeckx, B., Malengier‐Devlies, B., Timmerman, A., et al. (2021) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/s41422-020-00455-9 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Early Immune Pathology and Persistent Dysregulation Characterise Severe COVID-19
Bergamaschi, L., Mescia, F., Turner, L., Hanson, A., Kotagiri, P., Dunmore, B. J., Ruffieux, H., Sa, A. D., Huhn, O., Morgan, M. D., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.010 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
The Potential Impact of Zinc Supplementation on COVID-19 Pathogenesis
Weßels, I., Rolles, B., & Rink, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01712 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Inflammasome activation at the crux of severe COVID-19
Vora, S. M., Lieberman, J., & Wu, H. (2021) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00588-x · Cited by 323 · see citing works
A human circulating immune cell landscape in aging and COVID-19
Zheng, Y., Liu, X., Le, W., Xie, L., Li, H., Wen, W., Wang, S., Ma, S., Huang, Z., Ye, J., et al. (2020) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1007/s13238-020-00762-2 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Self-citationCOVID-19-associated vasculitis and vasculopathy
Becker, R. C. (2020) · Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis · doi:10.1007/s11239-020-02230-4 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Baricitinib restrains the immune dysregulation in patients with severe COVID-19
Bronte, V., Ugel, S., Tinazzi, E., Vella, A., De Sanctis, F., Canè, S., Batani, V., Trovato, R., Fiore, A., Petrova, V., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci141772 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a pro-inflammatory cytokine response through cGAS-STING and NF-κB
Neufeldt, C. J., Cerikan, B., Cortese, M., Frankish, J., Lee, J., Płóciennikowska, A., Heigwer, F., Prasad, V. R., Joecks, S., Burkart, S. S., et al. (2022) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-021-02983-5 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Long-term perturbation of the peripheral immune system months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Ryan, F. J., Hope, C. M., Masavuli, M. G., Lynn, M. A., Mekonnen, Z. A., Yeow, A. E. L., García-Valtanen, P., Al-Delfi, Z., Gummow, J., Ferguson, C. C., et al. (2022) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-021-02228-6 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Huang, Z., Chen, B., Liu, X., Li, H., Xie, L., Gao, Y., Duan, R., Li, Z., Zhang, J., Zheng, Y., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2023216118 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Self-citationMonocytes and Macrophages in COVID-19
Knoll, R., Schultze, J. L., & Schulte-Schrepping, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.720109 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Vanderbeke, L., Van Mol, P., Van Herck, Y., De Smet, F., Humblet-Baron, S., Martinod, K., Antoranz, A., Arijs, I., Boeckx, B., Bosisio, F. M., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24360-w · Cited by 247 · see citing works
The role of IL-6 and other mediators in the cytokine storm associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Copaescu, A. M., Smibert, O. C., Gibson, A., Phillips, E. J., & Trubiano, J. A. (2020) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.07.001 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
A blueprint for tumor-infiltrating B cells across human cancers
Ma, J., Wu, Y. C., Ma, L., Yang, X., Zhang, T., Song, G., Li, T., Gao, K., Shen, X., Lin, J., et al. (2024) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adj4857 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, F., Mears, J., Shakib, L., Beynor, J. I., Shanaj, S., Korsunsky, I., Nathan, A., Donlin, L. T., & Raychaudhuri, S. (2021) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-021-00881-3 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Sánchez‐Cerrillo, I., Landete, P., Orzaiz, B. A., Sánchez‐Alonso, S., Sánchez-Azofra, A., Marcos‐Jiménez, A., Ávalos, E., Alcaraz‐Serna, A., Santos, I. D. L., Mateu‐Albero, T., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci140335 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Cunha, L. L., Perazzio, S. F., Azzi, J., Cravedi, P., & Riella, L. V. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01748 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Arcanjo, A. F., Logullo, J., Menezes, C. C. B., Giangiarulo, T. C. D. S. C., dos Reis, M. C., de Castro, G. M. M., Fontes, Y. D. S., Todeschini, A. R., Freire‐de‐Lima, L., Decotè-Ricardo, D., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76781-0 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Unraveling B cell trajectories at single cell resolution
Morgan, D., & Tergaonkar, V. (2022) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2022.01.003 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Xu, G., Qi, F., Li, H., Yang, Q., Wang, H., Wang, X., Liu, X., Zhao, J., Liao, X., Liu, Y., et al. (2020) · Cell Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41421-020-00225-2 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Innate Immune System: Fighting on the Front Lines or Fanning the Flames of COVID-19?
McKechnie, J. L., & Blish, C. A. (2020) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.05.009 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Establishment of an African green monkey model for COVID-19 and protection against reinfection
Woolsey, C. B., Borisevich, V., Prasad, A., Agans, K., Deer, D., Dobias, N. S., Heymann, J., Foster, S., Levine, C. B., Medina, L. O., et al. (2020) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-020-00835-8 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Carsetti, R., Zaffina, S., Mortari, E. P., Terreri, S., Corrente, F., Capponi, C., Palomba, P., Mirabella, M., Cascioli, S., Palange, P., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.610300 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
The Neurological Manifestations of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Moghimi, N., Napoli, M. D., Biller, J., Siegler, J. E., Shekhar, R., McCullough, L. D., Harkins, M. S., Hong, E., Alaouieh, D., Mansueto, G., et al. (2021) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-021-01130-1 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Carissimo, G., Xu, W., Kwok, I., Abdad, M. Y., Chan, Y., Fong, S., Puan, K. J., Lee, C. Y., Yeo, N. K., Amrun, S. N., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19080-6 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Unterman, A., Sumida, T. S., Nouri, N., Yan, X., Zhao, A., Gasque, V., Schupp, J. C., Asashima, H., Liu, Y., Cosme, C., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27716-4 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Notarbartolo, S., Ranzani, V., Bandera, A., Gruarin, P., Bevilacqua, V., Putignano, A. R., Gobbini, A., Galeota, E., Manara, C., Bombaci, M., et al. (2021) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abg5021 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Stewart, A., Ng, J. C.-F., Wallis, G., Tsioligka, V., Fraternali, F., & Dunn-Walters, D. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.602539 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
JAK-STAT Pathway Inhibition and their Implications in COVID-19 Therapy
Satarker, S., Tom, A. A., Shaji, R. A., Alosious, A., Luvis, M., & Nampoothiri, M. (2020) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2020.1855921 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in lungs of African green monkeys
Speranza, E. E., Williamson, B. N., Feldmann, F., Sturdevant, G. L., Pérez-Pérez, L., Meade-White, K. D., Smith, B. J., Lovaglio, J., Martens, C., Munster, V. J., et al. (2021) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abe8146 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe versus mild individuals
Zhang, F., Gan, R., Zhen, Z., Hu, X., Li, X., Zhou, F., Liu, Y., Chen, C., Xie, S., Zhang, B., et al. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00263-y · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Barbosa, J. R., & de Carvalho, R. N. (2021) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.026 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Tang, H., Gao, Y., Li, Z., Miao, Y., Huang, Z., Liu, X., Xie, L., Li, H., Wen, W., Zheng, Y., et al. (2020) · Clinical and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/ctm2.200 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Self-citationQiao, L., Liu, J., Zhao, S., Castro, M. F. G., Laurent-Rolle, M., Dong, J., Ran, X., Damani‐Yokota, P., Tang, H., Karakousi, T. R., et al. (2021) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.006 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Self-citationComplete blood count alterations in COVID-19 patients
Palladino, M. (2021) · Biochemia Medica · doi:10.11613/bm.2021.030501 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Sustained cellular immune dysregulation in individuals recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection
Files, J. K., Boppana, S., Perez, M. D., Sarkar, S., Lowman, K. E., Qin, K., Sterrett, S., Carlin, E., Bansal, A., Sabbaj, S., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci140491 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Monocytes and macrophages in COVID-19: Friends and foes
Meidaninikjeh, S., Sabouni, N., Marzouni, H. Z., Bengar, S., Khalili, A., & Jafari, R. (2021) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.119010 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of COVID-19 blood, lung, and airway
Daamen, A. R., Bachali, P., Owen, K. A., Kingsmore, K. M., Hubbard, E. L., Labonte, A. C., Robl, R. D., Shrotri, S., Grammer, A. C., & Lipsky, P. E. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-86002-x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Zhu, H., Chen, J., Liu, K., Gao, L., Wu, H., Ma, L., Zhou, J., Liu, Z., & Han, J. J. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abq7599 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Cell-Type-Specific Immune Dysregulation in Severely Ill COVID-19 Patients
Yao, C., Bora, S. A., Parimon, T., Zaman, T., Friedman, O., Palatinus, J. A., Surapaneni, N. S., Matusov, Y. P., Chiang, G. C., Kassar, A. G., et al. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108590 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Altered ISGylation drives aberrant macrophage-dependent immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection
Munnur, D., Teo, Q. W., Eggermont, D., Lee, H. H. Y., Théry, F., Ho, J., van Leur, S. W., Ng, W. W., Siu, L. Y.-L., Beling, A., et al. (2021) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-021-01035-8 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
A compendium answering 150 questions on COVID‐19 and SARS‐CoV‐2
Riggioni, C., Comberiati, P., Giovannini, M., Agache, I. O., Akdiş, M., Alves‐Correia, M., Antó, J. M., Arcolacı, A., Azkur, A. K., Azkur, D., et al. (2020) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.14449 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections
Hsu, R., Yu, W.-C., Peng, G.-R., Ye, C.-H., Hu, S., Chong, P. C. T., Yap, K. Y., Lee, J. Y. C., Lin, W., & Yu, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.832394 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A genetic, epidemiological, and evolutionary perspective
Sironi, M., Hasnain, S. E., Rosenthal, B. M., Phan, T. G., Luciani, F., Shaw, M., Sallum, M. A. M., Mirhashemi, M. E., Morand, S., & Gónzález‐Candelas, F. (2020) · Infection Genetics and Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104384 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Ali, A. M., & Kunugi, H. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26051232 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Major alterations in the mononuclear phagocyte landscape associated with COVID-19 severity
Kvedaraite, E., Hertwig, L., Sinha, I., Ponzetta, A., Myrberg, I. H., Lourda, M., Dzidic, M., Akber, M., Klingström, J., Folkesson, E., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2018587118 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
T cell immunobiology and cytokine storm of COVID‐19
Luo, X.-H., Zhu, Y., Mao, J., & Du, R. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1111/sji.12989 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Immune Parameters and COVID-19 Infection – Associations With Clinical Severity and Disease Prognosis
Jeseňák, M., Brndiarová, M., Urbančíková, I., Rennerová, Z., Vojtková, J., Bobčáková, A., Ostró, R., & Bánovčin, P. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00364 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Invades the Central Nervous System via the Olfactory Route in Rhesus Monkeys
Li, J., Yang, Y., Yu, W., Zhao, Y., Long, H., Gao, J., Ding, K., Ma, C., Li, J., Zhao, S., et al. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00591-7 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationYou, M., Chen, L., Zhang, D., Zhao, P., Chen, Z., Qin, E., Gao, Y., Davis, M. M., & Yang, P. (2021) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41556-021-00690-1 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 in children: spectrum of disease, transmission and immunopathological underpinnings
Williams, P. C. M., Howard‐Jones, A. R., Hsu, P. S., Palasanthiran, P., Gray, P. E., McMullan, B. J., Britton, P. N., & Bartlett, A. W. (2020) · Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2020.08.001 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Dynamic blood single-cell immune responses in patients with COVID-19
Huang, L., Shi, Y., Gong, B., Jiang, L., Zhang, Z., Liu, X., Yang, J., He, Y., Jiang, Z., Zhong, L., et al. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00526-2 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationInflammatory Biomarker Trends Predict Respiratory Decline in COVID-19 Patients
Mueller, A. A., Tamura, T., Crowley, C., DeGrado, J. R., Haider, H., Jezmir, J. L., Keras, G., Penn, E. H., Massaro, A. F., & Kim, E. Y. (2020) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100144 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Albiges, L. K., Foulon, S., Bayle, A., Gachot, B., Pommeret, F., Willekens, C., Stoclin, A., Merad-Boudia, M., Griscelli, F., Lacroix, L., et al. (2020) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-020-00120-5 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleocapsid suppresses host pyroptosis by blocking Gasdermin D cleavage
Ma, J., Zhu, F., Shao, F., Shao, F., Yu, D., Ma, J., Zhang, X., Li, W., Qian, Y., Zhang, Y., et al. (2021) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2021108249 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationSingle-cell immunology of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Tian, Y., Carpp, L. N., Miller, H. E. R., Zager, M. A., Newell, E. W., & Gottardo, R. (2021) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-021-01131-y · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Dysregulated transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the periphery
McClain, M. T., Constantine, F. J., Henao, R., Liu, Y., Tsalik, E. L., Burke, T. W., Steinbrink, J. M., Petzold, E., Nicholson, B. P., Rolfe, R. J., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21289-y · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Liu, X., Liang, W. P., Xu, F., Zhao, F., Huang, Y., Fan, Z., Mei, S., Hu, Y., Zhai, L., Guo, J., et al. (2022) · Science Signaling · doi:10.1126/scisignal.abg8744 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationInterleukin-1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome in COVID-19: Pathogenetic and therapeutic implications
Potere, N., Buono, M. G. D., Caricchio, R., Cremer, P. C., Vecchié, A., Porreca, E., Gasperina, D. D., Dentali, F., Abbate, A., & Bonaventura, A. (2022) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104299 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Monocyte activation in systemic Covid-19 infection: Assay and rationale
Martínez, F. O., Combes, T., Orsenigo, F., & Gordon, S. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102964 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Immune dysregulation and system pathology in COVID-19
Jamal, M., Bangash, H. I., Habiba, M., Lei, Y., Xie, T., Sun, J., Wei, Z., Hong, Z., Shao, L., & Zhang, Q. (2021) · Virulence · doi:10.1080/21505594.2021.1898790 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in three children of parents with symptomatic COVID-19
Tosif, S., Neeland, M. R., SUTTON, P. R. N., Licciardi, P. V., Sarkar, S., Selva, K. J., Do, L. A. H., Donato, C. M., Toh, Z. Q., Higgins, R. A., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19545-8 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Abdul-Jawad, S., Baù, L., Alaguthurai, T., del Barrio, I. D. M., Laing, A. G., Hayday, T. S., Monin, L., Muñoz‐Ruiz, M., McDonald, L., Francos-Quijorna, I., et al. (2021) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2021.01.001 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
NK cells: A double edge sword against SARS-CoV-2
Masselli, E., Vaccarezza, M., Carubbi, C., Pozzi, G., Presta, V., Mirandola, P., & Vitale, M. (2020) · Advances in Biological Regulation · doi:10.1016/j.jbior.2020.100737 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Blocking IL-1 to prevent respiratory failure in COVID-19
van de Veerdonk, F. L., & Netea, M. G. (2020) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03166-0 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
The pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2: A suggested model and therapeutic approach
Morris, G., Bortolasci, C. C., Puri, B. K., OLIVE, L. S., Marx, W., O'Neil, A. E., Athan, E., Carvalho, A. F., Maes, M. H. J., Walder, K. R., et al. (2020) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118166 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Teaching Old Dogs New Tricks? The Plasticity of Lung Alveolar Macrophage Subsets
Kulikauskaite, J., & Wack, A. (2020) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2020.08.008 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Wang, S., Zhang, Q., Hui, H., Agrawal, K., Karris, M., & Rana, T. M. (2020) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1826361 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Lung innervation in the eye of a cytokine storm: neuroimmune interactions and COVID-19
Virgiliis, F. D., & Giovanni, S. D. (2020) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-020-0402-y · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, prostaglandins, and COVID‐19
Robb, C. T., Goepp, M., Rossi, A. G., & Yao, C. (2020) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.15206 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Longitudinal transcriptome analyses show robust T cell immunity during recovery from COVID-19
Zheng, H., Xu, M., Yang, C.-X., Tian, R.-R., Zhang, M., Li, J. J., Wang, X.-C., Ding, Z.-L., Li, G.-M., Li, X., et al. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00457-4 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationvan Vuren, E. J., Steyn, S. F., Brink, C. B., Möller, M., Viljoen, F. P., & Harvey, B. H. (2021) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111200 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Anticipating the long-term cardiovascular effects of COVID-19
Becker, R. C. (2020) · Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis · doi:10.1007/s11239-020-02266-6 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Hou, W., Ji, Z., Chen, Z., Wherry, E. J., Hicks, S. C., & Ji, H. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42841-y · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Morris, G., Bortolasci, C. C., Puri, B. K., Marx, W., O'Neil, A. E., Athan, E., Walder, K. R., Berk, M., OLIVE, L. S., Carvalho, A. F., et al. (2021) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155593 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wen, W., Su, W., Tang, H., Le, W., Zhang, X., Zheng, Y., Liu, X., Xie, L., Li, J., Ye, J., Dong, L., Cui, X., Miao, Y., Wang, D., Dong, J., Xiao, C., Chen, W., & Wang, H.
- Affiliations
- Second Military Medical University (CN)
- Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Wuhan Hankou Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Wei
- Wang, Hongyang
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Discovery
- Published
- 2020-05-04
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-31
- ISSN
- 2056-5968 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7197635
- OpenAlex
- W3021575042
- Cited by
- 730
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 138 · 2021: 222 · 2020: 194
- FWCI
- 20.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-06-20)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cell Discovery (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81830054, 81988101,91859205, 81722034, 81670015, 81530028,81721003)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2018ZX09101002, 2017ZX100203205)
- Shanghai Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau (2019PJD059)
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2016A030306006, 2020B1515020057)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, immune profiling, recovery stages, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, T cell depletion, monocytes, CD14+ monocytes, IL-1β, B cells, plasma cells, B cell receptor, IGHV3-23, inflammatory storm, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, cytokines, vaccine development
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
