Cited by 171Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchMemory and Neural MechanismsNeural dynamics and brain function

Co-transmission of acetylcholine and GABA regulates hippocampal states

Open access
Takács, Virág T., Cserép, Csaba, Schlingloff, Dániel, Pósfai, Balázs, Szőnyi, András, Sos, Katalin E., Környei, Zsuzsanna, Dénes, Ádám +3 more·2018·Nature Communications

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

Abstract The basal forebrain cholinergic system is widely assumed to control cortical functions via non-synaptic transmission of a single neurotransmitter. Yet, we find that mouse hippocampal cholinergic terminals invariably establish GABAergic synapses, and their cholinergic vesicles dock at those synapses only. We demonstrate that these synapses do not co-release but co-transmit GABA and acetylcholine via different vesicles, whose release is triggered by distinct calcium channels. This co-transmission evokes composite postsynaptic potentials, which are mutually cross-regulated by presynaptic autoreceptors. Although postsynaptic cholinergic receptor distribution cannot be investigated, their response latencies suggest a focal, intra- and/or peri-synaptic localisation, while GABA A receptors are detected intra-synaptically. The GABAergic component alone effectively suppresses hippocampal sharp wave-ripples and epileptiform activity. Therefore, the differentially regulated GABAergic and cholinergic co-transmission suggests a hitherto unrecognised level of control over cortical states. This novel model of hippocampal cholinergic neurotransmission may lead to alternative pharmacotherapies after cholinergic deinnervation seen in neurodegenerative disorders.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41467-018-05136-1

Cites

122 of 122 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [69]Paxinos, G. & Franklin, K. B. J. Paxinos and Franklin’s the Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates (Academic Press, São Paulo, 2012).

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Takács, V. T., Cserép, C., Schlingloff, D., Pósfai, B., Szőnyi, A., Sos, K. E., Környei, Z., Dénes, Á., Gulyás, A. I., Freund, T. F., & Nyiri, G.
Affiliations
  • HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine (HU)
  • Semmelweis University (HU)
Venue
Nature Communications
Published
2018-07-20
Volume
9
Issue
1
Pages
2848-2848
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2883601426
Cited by
169
References
122
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
FWCI
6.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
EC | European Research Council (ERC-2011-ADG-294313, SERRACO)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Keywords
co-transmission, acetylcholine, GABA, basal forebrain cholinergic system, GABAergic synapses, vesicle docking, calcium channels, presynaptic autoreceptors, postsynaptic potentials, GABAA receptor, sharp-wave ripples, epileptiform activity, cortical state, neurodegenerative diseases
MeSH terms
Acetylcholine, Animals, Calcium, Dendrites, Female, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Hippocampus, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Synaptic Transmission, Perfusion, Receptors, GABA-A, Synapses, Synaptic Vesicles, Neurotransmitter Agents, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Mice, Synaptic Potentials

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review