Cited by 235Electrochemical sensors and biosensorsDiabetes Management and ResearchPancreatic function and diabetes

Reduction of measurement noise in a continuous glucose monitor by coating the sensor with a zwitterionic polymer

Open access
Xie, Xi, Doloff, Joshua C., Yesilyurt, Volkan, Sadraei, Atieh, McGarrigle, James J., Omami, Mustafa, Veiseh, Omid, Farah, Shady +15 more·2018·Nature Biomedical Engineering

Abstract

Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), used by patients with diabetes mellitus, can autonomously track fluctuations in blood glucose over time. However, the signal produced by CGMs during the initial recording period following sensor implantation contains substantial noise, requiring frequent recalibration via fingerprick tests. Here, we show that coating the sensor with a zwitterionic polymer, found via a combinatorial-chemistry approach, significantly reduces signal noise and improves CGM performance. We evaluated the polymer-coated sensors in mice as well as in healthy and diabetic non-human primates, and show that the sensors accurately record glucose levels without the need for recalibration. We also show that the polymer-coated sensors significantly abrogated immune responses to the sensor, as indicated by histology, fluorescent whole-body imaging of inflammation-associated protease activity, and gene expression of inflammation markers. The polymer coating may allow CGMs to become standalone measuring devices.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41551-018-0273-3

Cites

60 of 60 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Low-fouling materials prevent FBR-triggering non-specific protein adsorption.

    “Certain features of material chemistry can also be exploited to beneficially influence FBR, such as the use of low-fouling materials which prevent FBR-triggering non-specific protein adsorption (Figure 1) (Zhang et al., 2013; Xie et al., 2018).”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Xie, X., Doloff, J. C., Yesilyurt, V., Sadraei, A., McGarrigle, J. J., Omami, M., Veiseh, O., Farah, S., Isa, D., Ghani, S., Joshi, I., Vegas, A., Li, J., Wang, W., Bader, A., Tam, H. H., Tao, J., Chen, H.-J., Yang, B., Williamson, K. A., Oberholzer, J., Langer, R., & Anderson, D. G.
Affiliations
  • Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
  • Boston Children's Hospital (US)
  • Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research At MIT (US)
  • University of Illinois Chicago (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Anderson, Daniel G.
Venue
Nature Biomedical Engineering
Published
2018-07-30
Volume
2
Issue
12
Pages
894-906
ISSN
2157-846X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2884370030
Cited by
235
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 1
FWCI
7.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (4r37eb000244-34)
  • University of Illinois at Chicago
  • National Cancer Institute (U54CA151884)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK091526)
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB000244, R37-EB000244, R01EB000351)
  • National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01DE013023)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Keywords
continuous glucose monitoring, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, combinatorial chemistry, implantable glucose sensor, non-human primates
MeSH terms
Animals, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Electrodes, Female, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Polymers, Skin, Biosensing Techniques, Reactive Oxygen Species, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Mice, Electrochemical Techniques, Transcriptome, Signal-To-Noise Ratio

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review