Cited by 741Nutritional Studies and DietCardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsPhytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

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Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies

He, F J, Nowson, C A, Lucas, M, MacGregor, G A·2007·Journal of Human Hypertension

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Abstract

Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in many epidemiological studies, however, the extent of the association is uncertain. We quantitatively assessed the relation between fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of CHD by carrying out a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Studies were included if they reported relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of CHD with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake. Twelve studies, consisting of 13 independent cohorts, met the inclusion criteria. There were 278,459 individuals (9143 CHD events) with a median follow-up of 11 years. Compared with individuals who had less than 3 servings/day of fruit and vegetables, the pooled RR of CHD was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86-1.00, P=0.06) for those with 3-5 servings/day and 0.83 (0.77-0.89, P<0.0001) for those with more than 5 servings/day. Subgroup analyses showed that both fruits and vegetables had a significant protective effect on CHD. Our meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies demonstrates that increased consumption of fruit and vegetables from less than 3 to more than 5 servings/day is related to a 17% reduction in CHD risk, whereas increased intake to 3-5 servings/day is associated with a smaller and borderline significant reduction in CHD risk. These results provide strong support for the recommendations to consume more than 5 servings/day of fruit and vegetables.

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Authors: He, F. J., Nowson, C. A., Lucas, M., & MacGregor, G. A.
Affiliations: St George's, University of London (GB)
Deakin University (AU)
Corresponding author: He, F J
ORCID: He, F J
Nowson, C A
MacGregor, G A
Venue: Journal of Human Hypertension
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2007-04-19
Volume: 21
Issue: 9
Pages: 717-728
ISSN: 0950-9240 (ISSN-L)
1476-5527
DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002212
OpenAlex: W1999386633
Cited by: 741
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 83 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 56
FWCI: 3.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Journal of Human Hypertension (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Own your potential (DEAKIN) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Keywords: fruit and vegetable intake, coronary artery disease, dietary intake, cardiovascular risk reduction, dietary recommendations, prospective cohort
MeSH terms: Coronary Disease, Fruit, Humans, Vegetables, Cohort Studies, Risk Reduction Behavior

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Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies

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