Fruits and vegetables: measuring intake and encouraging increased consumption

Woodside, Jayne V.; Young, Ian S.; McKinley, Michelle C.

doi:10.1017/s0029665112003059

Cited by 90Nutritional Studies and DietPhytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesNutrition, Health and Food Behavior

Fruits and vegetables: measuring intake and encouraging increased consumption

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Woodside, Jayne V., Young, Ian S., McKinley, Michelle C.·2013·Proceedings of The Nutrition Society

DOI 10.1017/s0029665112003059

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Abstract

A high intake of fruit and vegetables (FV) is associated with reduced risk of chronic disease, although the evidence base is mostly observational. Blood biomarkers offer an objective indicator of FV intake, potentially improving estimates of intakes based on traditional methods. A valid biomarker of overall FV intake would be able to confirm population intakes, more precisely evaluate the association between intakes and health outcomes and confirm compliance in FV interventions. Several substances have been proposed as biomarkers of FV intake: vitamin C, the carotenoids and polyphenols. Certain biomarkers are strong predictors of single FV; however, the proposed single biomarkers of FV consumption are only modestly predictive of overall FV consumption. This is likely to be due to the complexity of the FV food group. While accurately measuring FV intake is important in nutrition research, another critical question is: how best can an increase in FV intake be achieved? Increased FV intake has been achieved in efficacy studies using intensive dietary advice. Alternative, less intensive methods for encouraging FV consumption need to be developed and tested for population level intervention. Systematic reviews suggest peer support to be an effective strategy to promote dietary change. This review will describe the evidence for a link between increased FV intake and good health, outline possible novel biomarkers of FV consumption, present the most recently available data on population intake of FV and examine the usefulness of different approaches to encourage increased consumption of FV.

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Self-reported dietary data are subject to measurement error, such that some individuals may over-report perceived healthy foods and under-report perceived unhealthy foods.
“self-reported dietary data are subject to measurement error, such that some individuals may over-report consumption of perceived healthy foods and under-report consumption of perceived unhealthy foods.[48, 49]”
From Relationship between food waste, diet quality, and environmental sustainability (2018) · cites this paper as [49]

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Development and validation of a standardized protocol to monitor human dietary exposure by metabolite fingerprinting of urine samples
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Urinary Potassium Is a Clinically Useful Test to Detect a Poor Quality Diet
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Effect of fruit and vegetable intake on oxidative stress and inflammation in COPD: a randomised controlled trial
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Variety in fruit and vegetable consumption and 10-year incidence of CHD and stroke
Griep, L. M. O., Verschuren, W. M. M., Kromhout, D., Ocké, M. C., & Geleijnse, J. M. (2012) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980012000912 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Colors of Fruit and Vegetables and 10-Year Incidence of Stroke
Griep, L. M. O., Verschuren, W. M. M., Kromhout, D., Ocké, M. C., & Geleijnse, J. M. (2011) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.110.611152 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Association between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and cardiovascular disease in male smokers and non-smokers
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Using Regression Calibration Equations That Combine Self-Reported Intake and Biomarker Measures to Obtain Unbiased Estimates and More Powerful Tests of Dietary Associations
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Secondary prevention of CHD in UK men: the Diet and Reinfarction Trial and its sequel
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Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Total Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease : Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study.
Takachi, R., Inoue, Ishihara, & Kurahashi (2008) · American Journal of Epidemiology · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Relative validity of fruit and vegetable intake estimated by the food frequency questionnaire used in the Danish National Birth Cohort*
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Colours of fruit and vegetables and 10-year incidence of CHD
Griep, L. M. O., Verschuren, W. M. M., Kromhout, D., Ocké, M. C., & Geleijnse, J. M. (2011) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114511001942 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Urinary Total Flavonoid Excretion but Not 4-Pyridoxic Acid or Potassium Can Be Used as a Biomarker for the Intake of Fruits and Vegetables
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Effects of added fruits and vegetables on dietary intakes and body weight in Scottish adults
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Biomarkers in COPD: time for a deep breath
Stockley, R. A. (2007) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.2007.084228 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Fruit and vegetable consumption in older individuals in Northern Ireland: levels and patterns
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Fruit and vegetables and cardiovascular risk profile: a diet controlled intervention study
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Food Choices and Coronary Heart Disease: A Population Based Cohort Study of Rural Swedish Men with 12 Years of Follow-up
Holmberg, S., Thelin, A. G., & Stiernström, E.-L. (2009) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph6102626 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Comparison of plasma biomarkers with dietary assessment methods for fruit and vegetable intake
Pollard, J., Wild, C. P., White, K. L. M., Greenwood, D. C., Cade, J. E., & Kirk, S. (2003) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601634 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Fruit and vegetables: think variety, go ahead, eat!
Padayatty, S. J., & Levine, M. N. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.1.5 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Plasma carotenoids as biomarkers of intake of fruits and vegetables : ecological-level correlations in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
Al-Delaimy, Slimani, & Ferrari (2005) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Molecular Biomarkers Workshop: a European Strategy for Developing Lung Cancer Molecular Diagnostics in High Risk Populations
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An Approach to Estimate Between- and Within-Group Correlation Coefficients in Multicenter Studies: Plasma Carotenoids as Biomarkers of Intake of Fruits and Vegetables
Ferrari, P., Al‐Delaimy, W. K., Slimani, N., Boshuizen, H. C., Roddam, A., Orfanos, P., Skeie, G., Rodríguez‐Barranco, M., Thiébaut, A. C. M., Johansson, G., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwi242 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The effect of increasing fruit and vegetable consumption on overall diet: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Relationship between food waste, diet quality, and environmental sustainability
Conrad, Z., Niles, M. T., Neher, D. A., Roy, E. D., Tichenor, N. E., & Jahns, L. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195405 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Increasing vegetable intakes: rationale and systematic review of published interventions
Appleton, K. M., Hemingway, A., Saulais, L., Dinnella, C., Monteleone, E., Depezay, L., Morizet, D., Armando Perez-Cueto, F. J., Bevan, A., & Hartwell, H. (2016) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-015-1130-8 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
“While fruits and vegetables are frequently consumed together, associations may reflect not just associations with vegetables, but associations with produce consumption in general, or with a healthier diet/ lifestyle [1, 72].”
Background
Fruits and Vegetables Consumption and Risk of Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Hu, D., Huang, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, D., & Qu, Y. (2014) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.004836 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Wu, Y., Zhang, D., Jiang, X., & Jiang, W. (2014) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2014.10.004 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Determinants of fruit and vegetable intake in low-income children and adolescents
Noia, J. D., & Byrd‐Bredbenner, C. (2014) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/nure.12126 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Skin and plasma carotenoid response to a provided intervention diet high in vegetables and fruit: uptake and depletion kinetics , , ,
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Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease
Woodside, J. V., Young, I. S., & McKinley, M. C. (2013) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665113003029 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
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Association Between Antioxidant Intake/Status and Obesity: a Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Hosseini, B., Saedisomeolia, A., & Allman-Farinelli, M. A. (2016) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-016-0785-1 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Food intake biomarkers for apple, pear, and stone fruit
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Relationship of the Reported Intakes of Fat and Fatty Acids to Body Weight in US Adults
Raatz, S. K., Conrad, Z., Johnson, L. K., Picklo, M. J., & Jahns, L. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9050438 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Meat, fruit, and vegetable consumption in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis
Mensah, D., Nunes, A. R., Bockarie, T., Lillywhite, R., & Oyebode, O. O. (2020) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuaa032 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Multilevel approaches to increase fruit and vegetable intake in low-income housing communities: final results of the ‘Live Well, Viva Bien’ cluster-randomized trial
Gans, K. M., Risica, P. M., Dulin, A., Dionne, L. A., Mello, J., Stowers, K. C., Papandonatos, G. D., Whittaker, S., & Gorham, G. (2018) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-018-0704-2 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Culturally adapting the Mediterranean Diet pattern – a way of promoting more ‘sustainable’ dietary change?
Woodside, J., Young, I. S., & McKinley, M. (2022) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114522001945 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
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Use of biomarkers to assess fruit and vegetable intake
Woodside, J. V., Draper, J., Lloyd, A., & McKinley, M. C. (2017) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665117000325 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
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Liking and consumption of vegetables with more appealing and less appealing sensory properties: Associations with attitudes, food neophobia and food choice motivations in European adolescents
Appleton, K. M., Dinnella, C., Spinelli, S., Morizet, D., Saulais, L., Hemingway, A., Monteleone, E., Depezay, L., Pérez-Cueto, F. J. A., & Hartwell, H. J. (2019) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2019.02.007 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Infancy Dietary Patterns, Development, and Health: An Extensive Narrative Review
Martín-Rodríguez, A., Bustamante-Sánchez, Á., Martínez‐Guardado, I., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Plata-SanJuan, E., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente‐Suárez, V. J. (2022) · Children · doi:10.3390/children9071072 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The unhealthy = tasty belief is associated with BMI through reduced consumption of vegetables: A cross-national and mediational analysis
Briers, B., Huh, Y. E., Chan, E., & Mukhopadhyay, A. (2020) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.104639 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The development and effectiveness of an ecological momentary intervention to increase daily fruit and vegetable consumption in low-consuming young adults
Brookie, K. L., Mainvil, L. A., Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., & Conner, T. S. (2016) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.09.015 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Exploring Endophytic Fungi as Natural Antagonists against Fungal Pathogens of Food Crops
Manathunga, K. K., Gunasekara, N. W., Meegahakumbura, M. K., Ratnaweera, P. B., Faraj, T. K., & Wanasinghe, D. N. (2024) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof10090606 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Promotion of novel plant-based dishes among older consumers using the ‘dish of the day’ as a nudging strategy in 4 EU countries
Zhou, X., Pérez-Cueto, F. J. A., dos Santos, Q., Bredie, W. L. P., Mollá-Bauza, M. M. B., Rodrigues, V. M., Buch‐Andersen, T., Appleton, K. M., Hemingway, A., Giboreau, A., et al. (2018) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.12.003 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Blackstone, N. T., & Roy, E. D. (2020) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-020-00629-6 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Identification of urinary biomarkers after consumption of sea buckthorn and strawberry, by untargeted LC–MS metabolomics: a meal study in adult men
Cuparencu, C., Andersen, M.-B. S., Gürdeniz, G., Schou, S. S., Mortensen, M. W., Raben, A., Astrup, A. V., & Dragsted, L. O. (2016) · Metabolomics · doi:10.1007/s11306-015-0934-0 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Time Trends and Patterns of Reported Egg Consumption in the U.S. by Sociodemographic Characteristics
Conrad, Z., Johnson, L. K., Roemmich, J. N., Juan, W., & Jahns, L. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9040333 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Low fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with low knowledge of the details of the 5‐a‐day fruit and vegetable message in the<scp>UK</scp>: findings from two cross‐sectional questionnaire studies
Appleton, K. M., Krumplevska, K., Smith, E., Rooney, C., McKinley, M. C., & Woodside, J. V. (2018) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12487 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
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Dose-Response Effect of Fruit and Vegetables on Insulin Resistance in People at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Wallace, I. R., McEvoy, C. T., Hunter, S. J., Hamill, L. L., Ennis, C. N., Bell, P. M., Patterson, C. C., Woodside, J. V., Young, I. S., & McKinley, M. C. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-0718 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
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Trends in linoleic acid intake in the United States adult population: NHANES 1999–2014
Raatz, S. K., Conrad, Z., & Jahns, L. (2018) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2018.04.006 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
3D Printed Food From Fruits and Vegetables
Ricci, I., Derossi, A., & Severini, C. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814564-7.00005-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Towards a multi-dimensional concept of vegetable freshness from the consumer’s perspective
Saba, A., Moneta, E., Peparaio, M., Sinesio, F., Vassallo, M., & Paoletti, F. (2017) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.12.008 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Polyphenol extracts interfere with bacterial lipopolysaccharide in vitro and decrease postprandial endotoxemia in human volunteers
Wong, X., Madrid, A. M., Tralma, K., Castillo, R., Carrasco‐Pozo, C., Navarrete, P., Beltrán, C. J., Pastene, E., & Gotteland, M. (2016) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.011 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Participating in a fruit and vegetable intervention trial improves longer term fruit and vegetable consumption and barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption: a follow-up of the ADIT study
Neville, C. E., McKinley, M. C., Draffin, C. R., Gallagher, N. E., Appleton, K. M., Young, I. S., Edgar, D., & Woodside, J. V. (2015) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-015-0311-4 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
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Overview of Plant Pigments
Chen, C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2356-4_1 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Nutrition behavior of the middle-aged and elderly: Compliance with dietary recommendations of the food pyramid
Gille, D., Bütikofer, U., Chollet, M., Schmid, A., Altintzoglou, T., Honkanen, P., Stoffers, H., Walther, B., & Piccinali, P. (2015) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2015.04.002 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Food rejection in young children: Validation of the Child Food Rejection Scale in English and cross-cultural examination in the UK and France
Rioux, C., Lafraire, J., Picard, D., & Blissett, J. M. (2018) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.11.018 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Combining vitamin C and carotenoid biomarkers better predicts fruit and vegetable intake than individual biomarkers in dietary intervention studies
McGrath, A. J., Hamill, L. L., Cardwell, C. R., Draffin, C. R., Neville, C. E., Appleton, K. M., McEneny, J., McKinley, M. C., Young, I. S., & Woodside, J. V. (2015) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-015-0953-7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
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How functional foods endure throughout the shelf storage? Effects of packing materials and formulation on the quality parameters and bioactivity of smoothies
Nunes, M. A., Costa, A. S. G., Barreira, J. C. M., Vinha, A. F., Alves, R. C., da Rocha, A. M. C. N., & Oliveira, M. B. P. P. (2015) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2015.07.061 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Taste education – A food-based intervention in a school setting, focusing on children with and without neurodevelopmental disorders and their families. A randomized controlled trial
Þorsteinsdóttir, S., Njarðvík, U., Bjarnason, R. G., Haraldsson, H., & Ólafsdóttir, A. S. (2021) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2021.105623 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Taioba ( Xanthosoma sagittifolium ) Leaves: Nutrient Composition and Physiological Effects on Healthy Rats
Jackix, E. D. A., Monteiro, E. B., Raposo, H. F., Vanzela, E. C., & Amaya‐Farfán, J. (2013) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/1750-3841.12301 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Inter- and independent effects of region and race/ethnicity on variety of fruit and vegetable consumption in the USA: 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Blackstone, N. T., & Conrad, Z. (2015) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980015000439 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Preventive supplementation with fresh and preserved peach attenuates CCl4-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and tissue damage
Gasparotto, J., Somensi, N., Bortolin, R. C., Girardi, C. S., Kunzler, A., Rabelo, T. K., Schnorr, C. E., Moresco, K. S., Bassani, V. L., Yatsu, F. K. J., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.07.004 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Biomarkers of food intake and their relevance to metabolic syndrome
Cifuentes, M., Vahid, F., Devaux, Y., & Bohn, T. (2024) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d4fo00721b · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Characterizing trends in fruit and vegetable intake in the USA by self-report and by supply-and-disappearance data: 2001–2014
Conrad, Z., Chui, K. K. H., Jahns, L., Peters, C. J., & Griffin, T. S. (2017) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980017002385 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Fruit and vegetable consumption and emotional distress tolerance as potential links between food insecurity and poor physical and mental health among homeless adults
Hernandez, D. C., Daundasekara, S. S., Arlinghaus, K. R., Sharma, A. P., Reitzel, L. R., Kendzor, D. E., & Businelle, M. S. (2019) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100824 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The value of facial attractiveness for encouraging fruit and vegetable consumption: analyses from a randomized controlled trial
Appleton, K. M., McGrath, A. J., McKinley, M. C., Draffin, C. R., Hamill, L. L., Young, I. S., & Woodside, J. V. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5202-6 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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Associations between parental food choice motives, health-promoting feeding practices, and infants’ fruit and vegetable intakes: the Food4toddlers study
Røed, M. H., Vik, F. N., Hillesund, E. R., Lippevelde, W. V., & Øverby, N. C. (2020) · Food & Nutrition Research · doi:10.29219/fnr.v64.3730 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Associations of dietary antioxidant micronutrients with the prevalence of obesity in adults
Yang, Y., Xu, H., Zhang, Y., Chen, L., Tian, C., Huang, B., Chen, Y., & Ma, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1098761 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Tears for pears: Influence of children’s neophobia on categorization performance and strategy in the food domain
Foinant, D., Lafraire, J., & Thibaut, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.951890 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Development and evaluation of a stand-alone index for the assessment of small children’s diet quality
Röytiö, H., Jaakkola, J., Hoppu, U., Poussa, T. A., & Laitinen, K. (2015) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980014002535 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
An Interactive Mobile Phone App (SMART 5-A-DAY) for Increasing Knowledge of and Adherence to Fruit and Vegetable Recommendations: Development and Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Appleton, K. M., Passmore, D., Burn, I., Pidgeon, H., Nation, P., Boobyer, C., & Jiang, N. (2019) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/14380 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Fussy Eating among Children and Their Parents: Associations in Parent-Child Dyads, in a Sample of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Þorsteinsdóttir, S., Olsen, A., & Ólafsdóttir, A. S. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13072196 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Impact of adverse childhood experiences and fruit and vegetable intake in adulthood
Horino, M., & Yang, W. (2020) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980019004932 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Fruit form influences postprandial glycemic response in elderly and young adults
Tey, S. L., Lee, D. E. M., & Henry, C. J. (2017) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0880-9 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Target Quantification and Semi-Target Screening of Undesirable Substances in Pear Juices Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry
Narváez, A., Rodríguez-Carrasco, Y., Izzo, L., Castaldo, L., & Ritieni, A. (2020) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods9070841 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Behavioral and Metabolic Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases among Population in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
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A randomized controlled trial of nutrition education to promote farmers’ market fruit and vegetable purchases and consumption among women enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC): rationale and design of the WIC Fresh Start program
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Additional file 1 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
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Additional file 2 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
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Additional file 14 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Blackstone, N. T., & Roy, E. D. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)
Additional file 7 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Roy, E. D., & Blackstone, N. T. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)
Additional file 2 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Blackstone, N. T., & Roy, E. D. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)
Additional file 12 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Blackstone, N. T., & Roy, E. D. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)
Additional file 13 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Roy, E. D., & Blackstone, N. T. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)
Additional file 4 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Blackstone, N. T., & Roy, E. D. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)
Additional file 16 of Healthy diets can create environmental trade-offs, depending on how diet quality is measured
Conrad, Z., Roy, E. D., & Blackstone, N. T. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)

Use of biomarkers to assess fruit and vegetable intake
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A Narrative Review of Candidate Biomarkers of Total Fruit and Vegetable Intake
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A Novel Combined Biomarker including Plasma Carotenoids, Vitamin C, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Is More Strongly Associated with Fruit and Vegetable Intake than the Individual Components
Jin, Y., Gordon, M. H., Alimbetov, D., Chong, M. F., George, T. W., Spencer, J. P. E., Kennedy, O. B., Tuohy, K. M., Minihane, A. M., & Lovegrove, J. A. (2014) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.114.192856 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Combining vitamin C and carotenoid biomarkers better predicts fruit and vegetable intake than individual biomarkers in dietary intervention studies
McGrath, A. J., Hamill, L. L., Cardwell, C. R., Draffin, C. R., Neville, C. E., Appleton, K. M., McEneny, J., McKinley, M. C., Young, I. S., & Woodside, J. V. (2015) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-015-0953-7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Woodside, J. V., Young, I. S., & McKinley, M. C.
Affiliations: Queen's University Belfast (GB)
Corresponding author: Woodside, Jayne V.
ORCID: Woodside, Jayne V.
Young, Ian S.
McKinley, Michelle C.
Venue: Proceedings of The Nutrition Society
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2013-01-16
Volume: 72
Issue: 2
Pages: 236-245
ISSN: 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
1475-2719
DOI: 10.1017/s0029665112003059
OpenAlex: W2334801596
Cited by: 90
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4
FWCI: 1.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council (MR/K023241/1)
Economic and Social Research Council (ES/G007438/1)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords: fruit and vegetable intake, vitamin C, carotenoids, polyphenols, dietary assessment, peer support, dietary intervention, chronic disease prevention
MeSH terms: Eating, Feeding Behavior, Fruit, Humans, Vegetables, Biomarkers

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Fruits and vegetables: measuring intake and encouraging increased consumption

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