Diet, Obesity, and Asthma
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in many developed countries as Western dietary patterns have been widely adopted. These diets are characterized by excess energy intake as well as regular consumption of processed or "fast" foods and limited consumption of fruit, vegetables, and whole grains. The result is a high intake of saturated fat, refined carbohydrates, and sodium; and a low intake of fiber, vitamins, and other phytochemicals. This type of poor-quality diet has been associated with increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma. Of particular note, high intake of saturated fat stimulates proinflammatory pathways via activation of pattern recognition receptors, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and fatty acid-binding protein activity. Conversely, with a low intake of soluble fiber, beneficial antiinflammatory mechanisms, such as free fatty acid receptor activation and histone deacetylase inhibition, are suppressed. Similarly, with a low intake of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and carotenoids, nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells activity is enhanced, creating a proinflammatory environment. There is evidence derived from human and experimental models of asthma suggesting that these mechanisms contribute to the development of airway inflammation, loss of asthma control, and/or worse lung function. Obese individuals have increased asthma morbidity and reduced quality of life, so strategies for better management of these patients are urgently needed. Evidence suggests that, in addition to reducing the quantity of food consumed, interventions should also target the quality of food consumed to improve both asthma management and the overall health and well being of these patients.
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The obesogenic diet may lack antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
“While this “obesogenic diet” may lack antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (148), a meta-analysis has found being overweight and obese to be associated with a dose-response increase in incident asthma in adults (149).”
From Epidemiology of Asthma in Children and Adults (2019) · cites this paper as [148]
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Epidemiology of Asthma in Children and Adults
Dharmage, S. C., Perret, J. L., & Custovic, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00246 · Cited by 1,200 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Sun, Y., Xu, Q., Liu, W., Wang, P., Yao, J., Zhao, A., Chen, Y., & Wang, W. (2022) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2021.12.006 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wood, L. G.
- Affiliations
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Wood, Lisa G.
- ORCID
- Wood, Lisa G.
- Venue
- Annals of the American Thoracic Society
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-11-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- Supplement_5
- Pages
- S332-S338
- ISSN
- 2325-6621 (ISSN-L)
- 2329-6933
- OpenAlex
- W2769297491
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 94
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 6.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of the American Thoracic Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- obesity, asthma, Western diet, saturated fat, dietary fiber, antioxidants, NF-κB, airway inflammation, pattern recognition receptors, endoplasmic reticulum stress, free fatty acid receptors, histone deacetylase, asthma control, lung function, diet quality
- MeSH terms
- Antioxidants, Asthma, Diet, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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