Cited by 74Neurological Disorders and TreatmentsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

Assessment of C-phycocyanin effect on astrocytes-mediated neuroprotection against oxidative brain injury using 2D and 3D astrocyte tissue model

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Min, Seul Ki, Park, Jun Sang, Luo, Lidan, Kwon, Yeo Seon, Lee, Hoo Cheol, Jung Shim, Hyun, Kim, Il-Doo, Lee, Ja-Kyeong +1 more·2015·Scientific Reports

Abstract

Drugs are currently being developed to attenuate oxidative stress as a treatment for brain injuries. C-phycocyanin (C-Pc) is an antioxidant protein of green microalgae known to exert neuroprotective effects against oxidative brain injury. Astrocytes, which compose many portions of the brain, exert various functions to overcome oxidative stress; however, little is known about how C-Pc mediates the antioxidative effects of astrocytes. In this study, we revealed that C-Pc intranasal administration to the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats ensures neuroprotection of ischemic brain by reducing infarct size and improving behavioral deficits. C-Pc also enhanced viability and proliferation but attenuated apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of oxidized astrocytes, without cytotoxicity to normal astrocytes and neurons. To elucidate how C-Pc leads astrocytes to enhance neuroprotection and repair of ischemia brain, we firstly developed 3D oxidized astrocyte model. C-Pc had astrocytes upregulate antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and catalase and neurotrophic factors BDNF and NGF, while alleviating inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1β and glial scar. Additionally, C-Pc improved viability of 3D oxidized neurons. In summary, C-Pc was concluded to activate oxidized astrocytes to protect and repair the ischemic brain with the combinatorial effects of improved antioxidative, neurotrophic, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

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  • C-PC attenuated apoptosis and ROS of oxidized astrocytes.

    “C-PC also attenuated apoptosis and ROS of oxidized astrocytes.”

    From Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Consumption on Brain Health (2022) · cites this paper as [98]

  • C-PC intranasal administration to rats with ischemic brain reduced infarct size and improved behavioral deficits.

    “Min et al. observed that C-PC intranasal administration to rats with ischemic brain reduced infarct size and improved behavioral deficits.”

    From Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Consumption on Brain Health (2022) · cites this paper as [98]

  • C-PC induced the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and BDNF.

    “Moreover, C-PC induced the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and BDNF [98],”

    From Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Consumption on Brain Health (2022) · cites this paper as [98]

  • In the 3D oxidized astrocyte model, C-PC upregulated antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and CAT, and downregulated inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1β and glial scar.

    “In the 3D oxidized astrocyte model, C-PC upregulated antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and CAT, and downregulated inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1β and glial scar.”

    From Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Consumption on Brain Health (2022) · cites this paper as [98]

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Authors
Min, S. K., Park, J. S., Luo, L., Kwon, Y. S., Lee, H. C., Jung Shim, H., Kim, I.-D., Lee, J.-K., & Shin, H. S.
Affiliations
Inha University (KR)
Corresponding author
Shin, Hwa Sung
Venue
Scientific Reports
Published
2015-09-24
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
14418-14418
ISSN
2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2402473392
Cited by
74
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3
FWCI
3.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Research Foundation
  • Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (NRF-2014R1A2A1A11052143)
  • National Research Foundation of Korea
  • Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disorders and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
C-phycocyanin, astrocytes, neuroprotection, cerebral ischemia, middle cerebral artery occlusion, intranasal administration, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neuroinflammation, interleukin-6, IL-1β, glial scar, neuronal viability, oxidative stress
MeSH terms
Animals, Antioxidants, Astrocytes, Cell Communication, Cell Survival, Brain Ischemia, Disease Models, Animal, Male, Nerve Growth Factors, Neurons, Phycocyanin, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, Neuroprotective Agents, Inflammation Mediators, Tissue Culture Techniques, Cell Proliferation, Rats

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