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Mechanisms of multi-shape memory effects and associated energy release in shape memory polymers
Abstract
Shape memory polymers have attracted increasing research interest due to their capability of fixing a temporary shape and associated deformation energy then releasing them later on demand. Recently, it has been reported that polymers with a broad thermomechanical transition temperature range can demonstrate a multi-shape memory effect (m-SME), where shape recovery and energy release occur in a stepped manner during free recovery. This paper investigated the underlying physical mechanisms for these observed shape memory behaviors and the associated energy storage and release by using a theoretical modeling approach. A multibranch model, which is similar to the generalized standard linear solid model of viscoelasticity, was used for a quantitative analysis. In this model, individual nonequilibrium branches represent different relaxation modes of polymer chains with different relaxation times. As the temperature was increased in a staged manner, for a given temperature, different numbers of branches (or relaxation modes) became shape memory active or inactive, leading to the observed m-SME. For energy release during free recovery, under a tensile deformation of the SMP, stored energy in individual nonequilibrium branches was first transferred into a compressive deformation energy, then gradually declined to zero. Energy release during recovery was a complicated process due to the involvement of multiple relaxation modes.
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Advances in 4D Printing: Materials and Applications
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Yu, K., Xie, T., Leng, J., Ding, Y., & Qi, H. J.
- Venue
- Soft Matter
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 5687
- ISSN
- 1744-683X (ISSN-L)
- 1744-6848
- OpenAlex
- W2162081039
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 16
- FWCI
- 27.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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