Wolbachia bacteria in filarial immunity and disease

Taylor, Mark J.; Cross, Helen F.; Ford, Louise; Makunde, Williams H.; Prasad, G.B.K.S.; Bilo, Katja

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3024.2001.00400.x

Cited by 106Parasitic Diseases Research and TreatmentParasites and Host InteractionsInvertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms

Wolbachia bacteria in filarial immunity and disease

Taylor, Mark J., Cross, Helen F., Ford, Louise, Makunde, Williams H., Prasad, G.B.K.S., Bilo, Katja·2001·Parasite Immunology

DOI 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2001.00400.x

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Abstract

Lymphatic filarial nematodes are infected with endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria. Lipopolysaccharide from these bacteria is the major activator of innate inflammatory responses induced directly by the parasite. Here, we propose a mechanism by which Wolbachia initiates acute inflammatory responses associated with death of parasites, leading to acute filarial lymphangitis and adverse reactions to antifilarial chemotherapy. We also speculate that repeated exposure to acute inflammatory responses and the chronic release of bacteria, results in damage to infected lymphatics and desensitization of the innate immune system. These events will result in an increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections, which cause acute dermatolymphangitis associated with lymphoedema and elephantiasis. The recognition of the contribution of endosymbiotic bacteria to filarial disease could be exploited for clinical intervention by the targeting of bacteria with antibiotics in an attempt to reduce the development of filarial pathology.

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“Together with neutrophils, the key role of macrophages in the inflammation associated with onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis has been demonstrated (61,421).”
From Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic (2012) · cites this paper as [421]
Wolbachia interacts with macrophages via the same receptors as lipopolysaccharides (LPSs).
“These findings suggest that Wolbachia interacts with macrophages via the same receptors as those for lipopolysaccharides (LPSs)”
From Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic (2012) · cites this paper as [421]

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Authors: Taylor, M. J., Cross, H. F., Ford, L., Makunde, W. H., Prasad, G. B. K. S., & Bilo, K.
Affiliations: University of Liverpool (GB)
Corresponding author: Taylor, Mark J.
ORCID: Taylor, Mark J.
Ford, Louise
Venue: Parasite Immunology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2001-07
Volume: 23
Issue: 7
Pages: 401-409
ISSN: 0141-9838 (ISSN-L)
1365-3024
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2001.00400.x
OpenAlex: W1967582595
Cited by: 106
References: 95
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 1.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 173 d)
Locations: Parasite Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
Keywords: Wolbachia, lymphatic filariasis, endosymbiotic bacteria, lipopolysaccharide, innate immunity, inflammation, lymphedema, elephantiasis, opportunistic infections
MeSH terms: Animals, Antigens, Bacterial, Elephantiasis, Filarial, Filaricides, Humans, Leukocytes, Lipopolysaccharides, Symbiosis, Cytokines, Brugia malayi, Wolbachia

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Wolbachia bacteria in filarial immunity and disease

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