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Cited by 126Parasitic Diseases Research and TreatmentHelminth infection and controlResearch on Leishmaniasis Studies

What is happening outside North America regarding human dirofilariasis?

Simón, F., López-Belmonte, J., Marcos-Atxutegi, C., Morchón, R., Martín-Pacho, J.R.·2005·Veterinary Parasitology
DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.033
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Abstract

The etiologic agents of human dirofilariasis in the Old World are Dirofilaria immitis, which cause pulmonary and subcutaneous nodules, and Dirofilaria repens, which cause ocular lesions. Although reports of new cases of dirofilariasis are sporadic in other parts of the world, a considerable amount of information is generated in Europe regarding human dirofilariasis. Most cases have been detected in the Mediterranean countries, Ukraine, and Russia; however, isolated or short series of cases have been reported in the Balkan Republics and central and northern European countries. Seroepidemiologic studies have provided evidence that humans living in endemic areas present rates of infection similar to those of the autochthonous canine populations. Antibodies against endosymbiont Wolbachia bacteria have been demonstrated recently in human Dirofilaria infections. During D. immitis infections, preadult worms and third- and fourth-stage larvae are often destroyed by the host reaction, releasing a considerable amount of Wolbachia, and a Th1-type response against Wolbachia and/or filarial antigens is mounted. On the contrary, infections with D. repens, in which worms frequently remain intact, no Th1-type response has been observed. As humans are resistant hosts, the Th1-response could have a role in the resistance against parasites. The causes for the rise in the incidence of human dirofilariasis as well as the possible application of Wolbachia antigens in the serodiagnosis of human infections are discussed.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.033

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  • In the decade 2000 to 2010, subcutaneous/ocular dirofilariasis expanded from southern to central and northern Europe.

    “In this decade (2000 to 2010), subcutaneous/ocular dirofilariasis expanded from southern to central and northern Europe (149,391,393).”

    From Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic (2012) · cites this paper as [391]

  • In the Old World, subcutaneous/ocular dirofilariasis cases involving D. repens (n=1,370) largely predominate over pulmonary dirofilariasis cases, even in areas where D. immitis is highly endemic.

    “In the Old World, where D. immitis and D. repens cocirculate in populations of animal reservoirs, subcutaneous/ocular dirofilariasis cases involving D. repens (n ϭ 1,370) largely predominate over pulmonary dirofilariasis cases (35), even in areas where D. immitis is highly endemic (391).”

    From Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic (2012) · cites this paper as [391]

  • In some cases of pulmonary dirofilariasis, only a cellular reaction is observed because worms have already been destroyed by the time the nodule is found.

    “In some cases, only a cellular reaction is observed because worms have already been destroyed by the time the nodule is found (391).”

    From Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic (2012) · cites this paper as [391]

  • In many cases of lung location, surgical intervention could be avoided.

    “This intervention could be avoided in many cases of a lung location”

    From Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic (2012) · cites this paper as [391]

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Authors
Simón, F., López-Belmonte, J., Marcos-Atxutegi, C., Morchón, R., & Martín-Pacho, J. R.
Affiliations
Universidad de Salamanca (ES)
Corresponding author
Simón, F.
ORCID
Venue
Veterinary Parasitology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-10
Volume
133
Issue
2-3
Pages
181-189
ISSN
0304-4017 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.033
OpenAlex
W2008831311
Cited by
126
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Veterinary Parasitology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Università degli Studi di Parma
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
Keywords
human dirofilariasis, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, Wolbachia, serological diagnosis, Th1 response, host resistance to infection, seroprevalence, Mediterranean countries, Europe, ocular dirofilariasis, pulmonary nodules, subcutaneous nodules
MeSH terms
Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial, Dirofilaria, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilariasis, Europe, Humans, Symbiosis, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Sentinel Surveillance, Wolbachia

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