Durability of Responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccination
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Immunogenicity and the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Thirty-four adults received two 100-μg injections of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and serum anti–spike protein and neutralizing antibody tit...
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The mRNA-1273 vaccine has the potential to provide durable humoral immunity, with protection persisting after 119 days.
“the results of a clinical trial with the mRNA-1273 vaccine show that, despite a slight expected decline in titers of binding and neutralizing antibodies, mRNA-1273 has the potential to provide durable humoral immunity: as the natural infection, which produces variable antibody longevity and might induce robust memory B cell responses, also mRNA-1273 vaccine elicited primary CD4 type 1 helper T”
From Modeling vaccination rollouts, SARS-CoV-2 variants and the requirement for non-pharmaceutical interventions in Italy (2021) · cites this paper as [40]
The article reports that binding and neutralizing antibodies remained elevated at day 119 and concludes that mRNA-1273 has the potential to provide durable humoral immunity. It also says that correlates of protection were not yet established; it does not show that protection persisted beyond day 119. The supplied article-body passages have no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the first months, neutralizing and binding antibodies appear to wane at similar rates after vaccination and after infection.
“Initial comparisons of the durability of both neutralizing and binding antibody responses over the first months after vaccination suggest that the early rate of decay of antibody responses is not significantly different after vaccination or infection24,69 (Fig. 1c).”
From Prospects for durable immune control of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention of reinfection (2021) · cites this paper as [69]
Nine of the 17 strongest antibodies lost at least ten-fold potency against pseudoviruses with E484K.
“As seen in natural infection, a majority of the antibodies tested (9/17) were at least ten-fold less effective against pseudotyped viruses carrying the E484K mutation7,12,29.”
From mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
Class 1 antibodies are resisted by A475V; class 2 by E484K and Q493R; class 3 by R346S, N439K, and N440K.
“A475V is resistant to class 1 antibodies (structurally defined as described29); E484K and Q493R are resistant to class 2 antibodies7,8,12,13,29,30,32,33; while R346S, N439K, and N440K are resistant to class 3 antibodies7,8,12,13,29,33.”
From mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
Mutations at K417, E484, and N501 often reduce their activity, and these antibodies select K417N, E484K, and N501Y in yeast and VSV S libraries.
“They are frequently sensitive to mutation in these residues and select for K417N, E484K and N501Y mutations in SARS-CoV-2 S protein expression libraries in yeast and VSV 12,15,33.”
From mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
A first look at antibody titers 90 days after the second Moderna mRNA-1273 immunization indicated robust maintenance of RBD IgG titers.
“A first look at antibody titers 90 days after the 2nd immunization with Moderna mRNA-1273 indicated a robust maintenance of RBD IgG titers”
From Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 (2021) · cites this paper as Widge et al., 2021
Moderna reported that neutralizing antibodies continued to be detected in all participants at 3 months post-vaccination.
“Moderna already reported that neutralizing antibodies continued to be detected in all the participants at 3 months post-vaccination [81].”
From The dawn of mRNA vaccines: the COVID-19 case (2021) · cites this paper as [81]
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- Authors
- Widge, A. T., Rouphael, N. G., Jackson, L. A., Anderson, E. J., Roberts, P. C., Makhene, M., Chappell, J. D., Denison, M. R., Stevens, L. J., Pruijssers, A. J., McDermott, A. B., Flach, B., Lin, B. C., Doria-Rose, N. A., O’Dell, S., Schmidt, S. D., Neuzil, K. M., Bennett, H., Leav, B., Makowski, M., Albert, J., Cross, K., Edara, V.-V., Floyd, K., Suthar, M. S., Buchanan, W., Luke, C. J., Ledgerwood, J. E., Mascola, J. R., Graham, B. S., & Beigel, J. H.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- NIAID, Bethesda, MD
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Moderna Therapeutics (United States) (US)
- Emmes (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Widge, Alicia T.
- ORCID
- Widge, Alicia T.
- Rouphael, Nadine G.
- Jackson, Lisa A.
- Anderson, Evan J.
- Roberts, Paul C.
- Chappell, James D.
- Denison, Mark R.
- Stevens, Laura J.
- Pruijssers, Andrea J.
- McDermott, Adrian B.
- Lin, Bob C.
- Doria-Rose, Nicole A.
- Schmidt, Stephen D.
- Neuzil, Kathleen M.
- Bennett, Hamilton
- Leav, Brett
- Makowski, Mat
- Cross, Kaitlyn
- Edara, Venkata-Viswanadh
- Floyd, Katharine
- Suthar, Mehul S.
- Ledgerwood, Julie E.
- Mascola, John R.
- Graham, Barney S.
- Beigel, John H.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2021-01-07
- Volume
- 384
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 80-82
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC7727324
- OpenAlex
- W3108610942
- Cited by
- 722
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 195 · 2021: 377 · 2020: 11
- FWCI
- 21.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR002243, P51OD011132)
- National Institute on Aging (U54AG062334)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U01AI151698, R38AI140299, U01AI149644, HHSN272201500002C, UM1AI148373, UM1AI148576, UM1AI148684)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Keywords
- mRNA-1273 vaccine, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine immunogenicity, neutralizing antibodies, anti-spike antibodies, antibody persistence
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Viral, Humans, Immunization, Secondary, Middle Aged, Th1 Cells, Young Adult, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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