Cited by 192Regulation of Appetite and ObesityEating Disorders and BehaviorsNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

CRF system recruitment mediates dark side of compulsive eating

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Cottone, Pietro, Sabino, Valentina, Roberto, Marisa, Bajo, Michal, Pockros, Lara, Frihauf, Jennifer B., Fekete, Eva M., Steardo, Luca +5 more·2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Dieting to control body weight involves cycles of deprivation from palatable food that can promote compulsive eating. The present study shows that rats withdrawn from intermittent access to palatable food exhibit overeating of palatable food upon renewed access and an affective withdrawal-like state characterized by corticotropin-releasing factor-1 (CRF 1 ) receptor antagonist-reversible behaviors, including hypophagia, motivational deficits to obtain less palatable food, and anxiogenic-like behavior. Withdrawal was accompanied by increased CRF expression and CRF 1 electrophysiological responsiveness in the central nucleus of the amygdala. We propose that recruitment of anti-reward extrahypothalamic CRF-CRF 1 systems during withdrawal from palatable food, analogous to abstinence from abused drugs, may promote compulsive selection of palatable food, undereating of healthier alternatives, and a negative emotional state when intake of palatable food is prevented.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.0908789106

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  • A background of ELA may potentiate food addiction behaviours in some individuals, especially within the context of an environment rich in highly processed, calorie dense and extremely palatable food.

    “A background of ELA may potentiate food addiction behaviours in some individuals, especially within the context of an environment rich in highly processed, calorie dense and extremely palatable food 4, 21, 22.”
  • Overindulgence of foods rich in fat and sugar has been shown to reduce CNS reward thresholds, resulting in a drive for higher intake of such palatable foods to achieve similar levels of satisfaction.

    “Overindulgence of foods rich in fat and sugar has been shown to reduce CNS reward thresholds, resulting in a drive for higher intake of such palatable foods to achieve similar levels of satisfaction 22.”
  • Exposure to high-fat diets, yo-yo dieting, and withdrawal from such diets may alter extrahypothalamic CRF pathways involved in stress regulation and disrupt brain reward motivation responses to increase compulsive food seeking and stress-induced highly palatable food seeking.

    “exposure to high fats diets, yo–yo dieting and withdrawal from such diets, may alter extrahypothalamic CRF pathways involved in the regulation of stress responses and also disrupt brain reward motivation responses to increase compulsive food seeking and stress-induced HP food seeking”

    From Role of addiction and stress neurobiology on food intake and obesity (2018) · cites this paper as Cottone et al., 2009

  • Overconsumption of highly palatable food reduces reward thresholds and upregulates extrahypothalamic CRF in the amygdala and related limbic striatal pathways, which may promote food craving and greater neural reactivity to food cues in these brain regions, increasing risk of overeating highly palatable foods.

    “Overconsumption of HP food intake is also known to reduce reward thresholds along with an upregulation of the extrahypothalamic Corticotrophin Releasing Factor (CRF) in the amygdala and related limbic striatal pathways, which, in turn, may promote food craving and associated greater neural reactivity to food cues in these brain regions thereby increasing risk of overeating of HP foods”

    From Role of addiction and stress neurobiology on food intake and obesity (2018) · cites this paper as Cottone et al., 2009

  • Increased drug taking and high-fat diets alter CRF, glucocorticoid, and noradrenergic activity to increase sensitization of reward pathways including the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, dorsal striatum, and medial prefrontal cortex, influencing preference for addictive substances and highly palatable foods and increasing drug or food craving and intake.

    “Increased drug taking and high fat diets alter CRF, GC and noradrenergic activity to increase sensitization of reward pathways (including the ventral tegmental area [VTA], nucleus accumbens [NAc], dorsal striatum and the mPFC regions) which influences preference for addictive substances and HP foods and increases drug/food craving and intake”

    From Role of addiction and stress neurobiology on food intake and obesity (2018) · cites this paper as Cottone et al., 2009

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  1. [18]Cruz MT, et al. CRF1 receptor antagonists block the ethanol-induced release of GABA in the central amygdala in vitro and in vivo. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2008;32:6s1 P27A. [Google Scholar]

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Authors
Cottone, P., Sabino, V., Roberto, M., Bajo, M., Pockros, L., Frihauf, J. B., Fekete, E. M., Steardo, L., Rice, K. C., Grigoriadis, D. E., Conti, B., Koob, G. F., & Zorrilla, E. P.
Affiliations
  • Boston University (US)
  • Neurological Research Institute (US)
  • Scripps Research Institute (US)
  • Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders,
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (US)
  • Neurocrine Biosciences (United States) (US)
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2009-11-24
Volume
106
Issue
47
Pages
20016-20020
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2005352154
Cited by
192
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 18
FWCI
5.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA016985, AA 015566, AA016731, K99AA016731, R01AA015566, R00AA016731)
  • National Institute on Aging (AG028040, R01AG028040)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL088083, R21HL088083)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R00DA023680, R01DA030425, DA023680, K99DA023680)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 26741, R01DK070118, P01DK026741, DK70118, P30-DK56336, P30DK056336)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (IT32NS061847-01A2, T32NS061847)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords
compulsive eating, corticotropin-releasing factor, CRF1 receptor, food withdrawal, palatable food, dieting, anxiogenic-like behavior, central amygdala, hypophagia, motivational deficits
MeSH terms
CRF Receptor, Type 1, Amygdala, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Compulsive Behavior, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Diet, Eating, Electrophysiology, Male, Pyrimidines, Reward, Stress, Psychological, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Behavior, Addictive, Rats, Wistar, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Maze Learning, Rats

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