Convergence of ion channel genome content in early animal evolution
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Significance: The early evolution of animal nervous systems is poorly understood, but comparative genomics provides a new window into the past. One important controversy is about whether nervous systems evolved just once or independently in different animal lineages. In this work, we explore the history of the gene families most central to nervous system function: ion channels. We track when these gene families expanded in animal evolution and find that these gene families radiated on several occasions and, in some cases, underwent periods of contraction. The multiple origins of these gene families may signify large-scale convergent evolution of nervous system complexity.
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A growing body of evidence supports convergent evolution of many animal traits including neurons.
“especially considering a growing body of evidence that supports convergent evolution of many animal traits including neurons (5,6,(41)(42)(43).”
From Error, signal, and the placement of Ctenophora sister to all other animals (2015) · cites this paper as [42]
The Discussion (page unavailable) says the findings suggest a large role for convergence in extant animal nervous systems and cites evidence for independently evolved striated muscle. But the paper says it cannot distinguish competing hypotheses about nervous-system origins; it does not establish that neurons themselves evolved convergently. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe ion channel data are most consistent with the early origin of 'very rudimentary' nervous systems that persisted for a long time before the independent and convergent expansion of channel complexity.
“This study emphasized that the ion channel data are most consistent with the early origin of 'very rudimentary' nervous systems that persisted for a long time before the independent and convergent expansion of channel complexity.”
From Early metazoan life: divergence, environment and ecology (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
This long period of rudimentary nervous system development likely involved the deployment of genes now associated with the nervous system in proto-nervous system tissues, similar to Trichoplax today.
“This long period of rudimentary nervous system development likely involved the deployment of genes now associated with the nervous system in proto-nervous system tissues, similar to Trichoplax today [13,53,58].”
From Early metazoan life: divergence, environment and ecology (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
Ctenophores, cnidarians and bilaterians have experienced independent expansions of the major families of ion-channel proteins, as well as several rounds of gene loss, with no evidence for a rapid increase in complexity associated with the origin of nerves.
“A reconstruction of the evolutionary history of ion channel genes established that ctenophores, cnidarians and bilaterians have experienced independent expansions of the major families of ion-channel proteins, as well as several rounds of gene loss, with no evidence for a rapid increase in complexity associated with the origin of nerves [53].”
From Early metazoan life: divergence, environment and ecology (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
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- Authors
- Liebeskind, B. J., Hillis, D. M., & Zakon, H. H.
- Affiliations
- Department of Integrative Biology and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics and
- Marine Biological Laboratory (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2015-02-09
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- E846-51
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC4345596
- OpenAlex
- W2041704188
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 7.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense (26-0482-5350)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- ion channels, nervous system evolution, gene family expansion, gene loss, gene duplication, multicellularity, ctenophores, Cnidaria, bilaterians, synaptic transmission, action potential, animal evolution
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Multigene Family, Ion Channels, Nervous System, Phylogeny, Genome, Extinction, Biological
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