Cited by 30Genomics and Chromatin DynamicsEpigenetics and DNA MethylationChromosomal and Genetic Variations

Evolution of regulatory signatures in primate cortical neurons at cell-type resolution

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Kozlenkov, Alexey, Vermunt, Marit W., Apontes, Pasha, Li, Junhao, Hao, Ke, Sherwood, Chet C., Hof, Patrick R., Ely, John J. +5 more·2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

Significance: The cerebral cortex of the human brain is a highly complex, heterogeneous tissue that contains many cell types that are exquisitely regulated at the level of gene expression by noncoding regulatory elements, presumably in a cell-type–dependent manner. However, assessing the regulatory elements in individual cell types is technically challenging, and therefore most of the previous studies on gene regulation were performed with bulk brain tissue. Here we analyze two major types of neurons isolated from the cerebral cortex of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques, and report complex patterns of cell-type–specific evolution of the regulatory elements in numerous genes. Many genes with evolving regulation are implicated in language abilities as well as psychiatric disorders.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.2011884117

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  • The number of enhancers that interact with promoters is strikingly correlated with gene regulation, as gene expression linearly increases with the number of physically interacting enhancers up to a total of 10 or more.

    “Notably, the number of enhancers that interact with promoters was strikingly correlated with gene regulation, as gene expression linearly increased with the number of physically interacting enhancers up to a total of 10 or more (Supplementary Fig. 7e)3,28.”

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Authors
Kozlenkov, A., Vermunt, M. W., Apontes, P., Li, J., Hao, K., Sherwood, C. C., Hof, P. R., Ely, J. J., Wegner, M., Mukamel, E. A., Creyghton, M. P., Koonin, E. V., & Dracheva, S.
Affiliations
  • James J. Peters VA Medical Center (US)
  • University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
  • George Washington University (US)
  • Holloman Air Force Base (US)
  • Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
  • Creyghton, Menno P.
  • Koonin, Eugene V.
  • Dracheva, Stella
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2020-10-27
Volume
117
Issue
45
Pages
28422-28432
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W3095071594
Cited by
30
References
78
Citations by year
2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1
FWCI
1.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • HHS | National Institutes of Health (MH103877, MH122590)
  • Veteran Administration (BX001829)
  • Veteran Adminsitration (BX002876)
  • US Department of Health and Human Services (Intramural funds)
  • Dutch Royal Academy of Sciences (Intramural funds)
  • Parkinson's foundation (Stichting ParkinsonFonds)
  • James S. McDonnell Foundation (220020293)
  • National Science Foundation (INSPIRE SMA-1542848)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Keywords
human brain evolution, cortical neurons, glutamatergic projection neurons, GABAergic interneurons, H3K27ac, enhancer evolution, chimpanzees, rhesus monkeys, autism spectrum disorder, language, drug addiction, epigenomics, transcriptomics
MeSH terms
Autism Spectrum Disorder, Animals, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Pan troglodytes, Humans, Interneurons, Macaca mulatta, Neurons, Primates, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Gene Expression, Evolution, Molecular, Histone Code, Epigenesis, Genetic, Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional, Epigenomics, Transcriptome

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