Microalgal docosahexaenoic acid decreases plasma triacylglycerol in normolipidaemic vegetarians: a randomised trial.
Open accessAbstract
Triacylglycerol (TG) lowering effects of n −3 long-chain PUFA ( n −3 LCPUFA) have been repeatedly demonstrated, but studies investigating the individual effects of EPA or DHA on plasma TG and lipoproteins in man are rare. The effects of a new DHA-rich, almost EPA-free microalgae oil ( Ulkenia sp.) on plasma lipids and several safety parameters were investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design intervention study. Normolipidaemic vegetarians (eighty-seven females, twenty-seven males) consumed daily microalgae oil (0·94g DHA/d) or olive oil (as placebo) for 8 weeks. DHA supplementation decreased plasma TG by 23% from 1·08 (sem 0·07) to 0·83 (sem 0·04) mmol/l ( p <0·001). Absolute TG decreases after DHA supplementation were inversely correlated to baseline TG concentrations ( r −0·627, p <0·001). Plasma total, LDL and HDL cholesterol increased significantly in the DHA group, resulting in lower TG:HDL cholesterol and unchanged LDL:HDL and total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratios. The intake of DHA-rich microalgae oil did not result in any physiologically relevant changes of safety and haemostatic factors. In conclusion, DHA-rich oil from microalgae Ulkenia sp. was well tolerated and can be considered a suitable vegetarian source of n −3 LCPUFA. Although DHA supplementation improved some CHD risk factors (plasma TG, TG:HDL cholesterol ratio), LDL cholesterol increased. Therefore, the overall effects of this intervention on CHD risk deserve further investigation.
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Two studies showing a decrease in LDL-C included vegetarian participants, although the confidence intervals were wide, and a third vegetarian study observed a significant rise in LDL-C similar to other studies.
“The two studies that showed a decrease in LDL-C included vegetarian participants (18,35), although the CI were wide, and a third study with vegetarian participants (34) observed a significant rise in LDL-C, similar to other studies.”
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- Authors
- Geppert, J., Kraft, V., Demmelmair, H., & Koletzko, B.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Koletzko, Berthold
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2006-04
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 779-786
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2104808482
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 7.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open access LMU (Ludwid Maxmilian's Universitat Munchen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Keywords
- docosahexaenoic acid, microalgae oil, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, plasma triglycerides, vegetarians, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio, cardiovascular risk factors, dietary supplementation, olive oil placebo, hemostatic factors
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Double-Blind Method, Erythrocytes, Fatty Acids, Female, Humans, Lipids, Lipoproteins, Male, Patient Compliance, Triglycerides, Diet, Vegetarian, Dietary Supplements, alpha-Tocopherol
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