Effects of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on fatty acid absorption, incorporation into serum phospholipids and postprandial triglyceridemia

Hansen, John‐Bjarne; Grimsgaard, Sameline; Nilsen, Hugo; Nordøy, Arne; Bønaa, Kaare H.

doi:10.1007/s11745-998-0188-8

Cited by 91Fatty Acid Research and HealthAquaculture Nutrition and GrowthLipid metabolism and biosynthesis

Effects of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on fatty acid absorption, incorporation into serum phospholipids and postprandial triglyceridemia

Hansen, John‐Bjarne, Grimsgaard, Sameline, Nilsen, Hugo, Nordøy, Arne, Bønaa, Kaare H.·1998·Lipids

DOI 10.1007/s11745-998-0188-8

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Abstract

Fourteen healthy volunteers were randomly allocated to receive 4 g highly purified ethyl esters of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (95% pure, n=7) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (90% pure, n=7) daily for 5 wk in supplement to their ordinary diet. The n−3 fatty acids were given with a standard high‐fat meal at the beginning and the end of the supplementation period. EPA and DHA induced a similar incorporation into chylomicrons which peaked 6 h after the meal. The relative uptake of EPA and DHA from the meal was >90% compared with the uptake of oleic acid. During absorption, there was no significant elongation or retroconversion of EPA or DHA in total chylomicron fatty acids. The concentration of EPA decreased by 13% and DHA by 62% (P<0.001) between 6 and 8 h after the meal. During the 5‐wk supplementation period, EPA showed a more rapid and comprehensive increase in serum phospholipids than did DHA. DHA was retroconverted to EPA, whereas EPA was elongated to docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). The postprandial triglyceridemia was suppressed by 19 and 49% after prolonged intake of EPA and DHA, respectively, indicating that prolonged intake of DHA is equivalent to or even more efficient than that of EPA in lowering postprandial triglyceridemia. This study indicates that there are metabolic differences between EPA and DHA which may have implications for the use of n−3 fatty acids in preventive and clinical medicine.

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Production of DHA from EPA is not observed in humans.
“while production of DHA from EPA is not observed.”
From Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
In humans, dietary DHA is retroconverted to EPA.
“In humans, dietary DHA is retroconverted to EPA”
From Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
OM3FA treatment increases the capacity for clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins, an effect observed in the postprandial but not in the fasting state.
“In summary, OM3FA treatment increases the capacity for clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins, an effect observed in the postprandial but not in the fasting state, and DHA and EPA seem to have similar effects on postprandial TG levels [21, 38].”
From Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
DHA and EPA have similar effects on postprandial TG levels.
“In summary, OM3FA treatment increases the capacity for clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins, an effect observed in the postprandial but not in the fasting state, and DHA and EPA seem to have similar effects on postprandial TG levels [21, 38].”
From Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
Individually, EPA or DHA may reduce triglyceride, ppTG, or CMR levels.
“Individually, EPA or DHA may reduce triglyceride, 461 ppTG, 462 or CMR 463 levels.”
From Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2011) · cites this paper as [463]

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Authors: Hansen, J., Grimsgaard, S., Nilsen, H., Nordøy, A., & Bønaa, K. H.
Affiliations: UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
University Hospital of North Norway (NO)
ORCID: Hansen, John‐Bjarne
Grimsgaard, Sameline
Bønaa, Kaare H.
Venue: Lipids
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1998-02
Volume: 33
Issue: 2
Pages: 131-138
ISSN: 0024-4201 (ISSN-L)
1558-9307
DOI: 10.1007/s11745-998-0188-8
OpenAlex: W2046244042
Cited by: 91
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 4.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Lipids (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Universitetet i Tromsø
Norges Forskningsråd
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Keywords: eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, fatty acid absorption, chylomicrons, serum phospholipids, postprandial lipemia, retroconversion, elongation, docosapentaenoic acid, oleic acid
MeSH terms: Adult, Age Factors, Chylomicrons, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Fatty Acids, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Male, Middle Aged, Phospholipids, Triglycerides, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Body Mass Index, Postprandial Period, Dietary Supplements

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Effects of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on fatty acid absorption, incorporation into serum phospholipids and postprandial triglyceridemia

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