The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
The ASA Statement on p -Values: Context, Process, and Purpose
Open accessAbstract
Emeritus of Mathematics and Statistics at
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
24 Own interpretation · 2 No basis given · 1 No full text of the sources
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The widespread use of”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Statistical significance is not equivalent to scientific, human, or economic significance.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, a p-value near 0.05 taken by itself offers only weak evidence against the null hypothesis.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“By itself, a p-value does not provide a good measure of evidence regarding a model or hypothesis.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, identical estimated effects will have different p-values if the precision of the estimates differs.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A p-value provides one approach to summarizing the incompatibility between a particular set of data and a proposed model for the data.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. P-values can indicate how incompatible the data are with a specified statistical model.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Conducting multiple analyses of the data and reporting only those with certain p-values (typically those passing a significance threshold) renders the reported p-values essentially uninterpretable.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Whenever a researcher chooses what to present based on statistical results, valid interpretation of those results is severely compromised if the reader is not informed of the choice and its basis.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
boostedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The smaller the p-value, the greater the statistical incompatibility of the data with the null hypothesis, if the underlying assumptions used to calculate the p-value hold.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. P-values can indicate how incompatible the data are with a specified statistical model.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Valid scientific conclusions based on p-values and related statistics cannot be drawn without at least knowing how many and which analyses were conducted, and how those analyses (including p-values) were selected for reporting.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plainstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 10
- It may state two separate claims as one. 10
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This has led to some scientific journals discouraging the use of p-values, and some scientists and statisticians recommending their abandonment, with some arguments essentially unchanged since p-values were first introduced.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The statistical community has been deeply concerned about issues of reproducibility and replicability of scientific conclusions.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While the p-value can be a useful statistical measure, it is commonly misused and misinterpreted.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A conclusion does not immediately become”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All these measures and approaches rely on further assumptions, but they may more directly address the size of an effect (and its associated uncertainty) or whether the hypothesis is correct.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 4. Other Approaches
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The validity of scientific conclusions, including their reproducibility, depends on more than the statistical methods themselves.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is a statement about data in relation to a specified hypothetical explanation, and is not a statement about the explanation itself.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 2. P-values do not measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, or the probability that the data were produced by random chance alone.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Researchers should recognize that a p-value without context or other evidence provides limited information.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Likewise, a relatively large p-value does not imply evidence in favor of the null hypothesis; many other hypotheses may be equally or more consistent with the observed data.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This incompatibility can be interpreted as casting doubt on or providing evidence against the null hypothesis or the underlying assumptions.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. P-values can indicate how incompatible the data are with a specified statistical model.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Appropriately chosen techniques, properly conducted analyses and correct interpretation of statistical results also play a key role in ensuring that conclusions are sound and that uncertainty surrounding them is represented properly.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 1. Introduction
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Misunderstanding or misuse of statistical inference is only one cause of the”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Peng 2015 source
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Smaller p-values do not necessarily imply the presence of larger or more important effects, and larger p-values do not imply a lack of importance or even lack of effect.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 3. Scientific conclusions and business or policy decisions should not be based only on whether a p-value passes a specific threshold.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“P-values do not measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, or the probability that the data were produced by random chance alone.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 2. P-values do not measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, or the probability that the data were produced by random chance alone.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In view of the prevalent misuses of and misconceptions concerning p-values, some statisticians prefer to supplement or even replace p-values with other approaches.”
§ The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose In > 4. Other Approaches
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
There is widespread consensus in the statistical community on the principles articulated in the ASA statement.
“according to widespread consensus in the statistical community”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“While the large scale of the Tabula Muris Senis dataset provides substantial power to predict subtle changes in LR interactions, the biological complexity, dependencies among communication pairs, and multiple testing burden require that these p-values be interpreted within a broader biological and statistical context [33].”
From Quantitative profiling of lifespan-dependent cell-cell communication potential reveals dynamic ligand-receptor network shifts across mouse tissues (2026) · cites this paper as [33]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“These types of incorrect descriptions contribute to confirmation bias, overinterpretation of results, and reporting correlation as implied causation (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
From Unethical Numbers? A Meta-analysis of Library Learning Analytics Studies (2019) · cites this paper as Wasserstein and Lazar 2016
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This is especially true of relatively large-sample-size studies (as most learning analytics studies are), which are likely to obtain statistically significant findings in relatively small variations in measures such as GPA (Field 2017; Salkind 2016 Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
From Unethical Numbers? A Meta-analysis of Library Learning Analytics Studies (2019) · cites this paper as Wasserstein and Lazar 2016
In the citing paper
“In 2016, the American Statistical Association released a statement on statistical significance and the P value with six principles underlying the proper use and interpretation of this statistical tool (77).”
From Misrepresentation and distortion of research in biomedical literature (2018) · cites this paper as [77]
In the citing paper
“Although we also present p values for exploratory analyses, we refrain from labeling any of them as statistically significant, following best-practice recommendations for statistical analysis [43].”
From Comparing quality of reporting between preprints and peer-reviewed articles in the biomedical literature (2020) · cites this paper as [43]
In the citing paper
“Contrary to IJE author recommendations and recent guidance from the American Statistics Society, 16 Gao et al. largely base their conclusions on findings with a P -value equivalent to < 0.05 after multiple testing.”
From Commentary: Two-sample Mendelian randomization: opportunities and challenges (2016) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“Following guidance,50 we focused on 95% CIs, rather than statistical significance. For example, unlike conventional interpretations, we did not outright interpret an effect estimate “non‐significant” if the lower or upper bound of the 95% CI was slightly above/below the null value; we interpreted them as “suggestive” of an effect.”
From Third‐wave cognitive behaviour therapies for weight management: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [50]
Citations
Cites
Simmons, J. P., Nelson, L. D., & Simonsohn, U. (2011) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797611417632 · Cited by 6,567
(1947) · The American Statistician · doi:10.1080/00031305.1947.10501534 · Cited by 3,745
The Abuse of Power: The Pervasive Fallacy of Power Calculations for Data Analysis
Hoenig, J. M., & Heisey, D. M. (2001) · The American Statistician · doi:10.1198/000313001300339897 · Cited by 2,046
Statistics notes: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
Altman, D. G., & Bland, J. M. (1995) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.311.7003.485 · Cited by 1,946
Smithson, M. J. (2000) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781446218525 · Cited by 1,871
Bayesian statistical inference for psychological research.
Edwards, W., Lindman, H., & Savage, L. J. (1963) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0044139 · Cited by 1,734
Scientific method: Statistical errors
Nuzzo, R. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/506150a · Cited by 1,536
Why Most Discovered True Associations Are Inflated
Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2008) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e31818131e7 · Cited by 1,495
Sterne, J. A. C. (2001) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.322.7280.226 · Cited by 1,466
Contradicted and Initially Stronger Effects in Highly Cited Clinical Research
Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.2.218 · Cited by 1,465
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Leek, J. (2014), “On the Scalability of Statistical Procedures: Why the p-Value Bashers Just Don't Get It,” Simply Statistics Blog, Available at http://simplystatistics.org/2014/02/14/on-the-scalability-of-statistical-procedures-why-the-p-value-bashers-just-dont-get-it/.
- Gelman A. and Loken E. (2014) “The Statistical Crisis in Science [online] ” American Scientist 102. Available at http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2014/6/the-statistical-crisis-in-science · DOI · Paper page
- Greenland, S., and Poole, C. (2011), “Problems in Common Interpretations of Statistics in Scientific Articles, Expert Reports, and Testimony,” Jurimetrics, 51, 113–129.
- 10.1214/13-AOS1123 · DOI
- Lavine, M. (1999), “What is Bayesian Statistics and Why Everything Else is Wrong,” UMAP Journal, 20, 2.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 2,801–2,900 of 6,272
Handling Multiplicity in Neuroimaging through Bayesian Lenses with Multilevel ModelingPreprint
Chen, G., Xiao, Y., Taylor, P. A., Rajendra, J. K., Riggins, T., Geng, F., Redcay, E., & Cox, R. W. (2017) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/238998 · Cited by 8
Confidence Intervals for Selected ParametersPreprint
Benjamini, Y., Hechtlinger, Y., & Stark, P. B. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1906.00505 · Cited by 12
“[2013] constructed CoS intervals tailored to avoid containing zero, at the expense of being somewhat longer where it does not matter and Weinstein and Yekutieli [2014] designed FCR intervals that try to avoid covering 0.”
BackgroundMethodbamlss : A Lego Toolbox for Flexible Bayesian Regression (and Beyond)Preprint
Umlauf, N., Klein, N., Simon, T., et al. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1909.11784 · Cited by 7
“, Fahrmeir, Kneib, Lang, and Marx 2013) as a natural framework for penalizing flexible model terms and to overcome potential problems with p values and classical null hypothesis significance testing (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
BackgroundEditorial: Roles of Hypothesis Testing, p-Values and Decision Making in Biopharmaceutical Research
Hamasaki, T., Bretz, F., LaVange, L. M., Müller, P., Pennello, G. A., & Pinheiro, J. C. (2021) · Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1080/19466315.2021.1874803 · Cited by 9
Improving the Utility of Non-Significant Results for Educational ResearchPreprint
Edelsbrunner, P. A., & Thurn, C. (2020) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/j93a2 · Cited by 7
Using meta-analysis for evidence synthesis: The case of incomplete neutralization in GermanPreprint
Nicenboim, B., Roettger, T. B., & Vasishth, S. (2018) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/p5a4z · Cited by 9
Large-scale Isotopic Data Reveal Gendered Migration into early medieval England c AD 400-1100Preprint
Leggett, S., Hakenbeck, S. E., & O’Connell, T. C. (2022) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/jzfv6 · Cited by 7
Bangdiwala, S. I. (2023) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.14672 · Cited by 7
Genomic expression assay testing among American Indian and Alaska Native women with breast cancer
Marmor, S., Longacre, C. F., Altman, A. M., et al. (2020) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.33150 · Cited by 6
Effects of Automaticity Training on Reading Performance: A Meta-Analysis
Cooper, S., Hebert, M. A., Goodrich, J. M., Leiva, S., Lin, X., Peng, P., & Nelson, J. R. (2022) · Journal of Behavioral Education · doi:10.1007/s10864-022-09480-7 · Cited by 8
Cost Analysis for Robotic and Open Gastrectomy
Hirata, Y., Lyu, H. G., Azimuddin, A., Lu, P. W., Ajith, J., Schmeisser, J. A., Ninan, E. P., Lee, K. H., Badgwell, B. D., Mansfield, P., et al. (2024) · Annals of Surgery Open · doi:10.1097/as9.0000000000000396 · Cited by 6
“39 Here, a P value is heavily influenced by sample size, occasionally making it challenging to detect the true intervention effect in studies with small sample sizes.”
BackgroundWang, L. P., Zhang, D., Wu, J., Wang, M., Zhang, C., Gao, J., Zhao, H., & Qin, D. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-024-01284-2 · Cited by 6
“Effect size, CIs, rates, UIs, and precise p values were reported and interpreted (Greenland et al., 2016 ; Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016 ).”
Lu, D., Schwartz, S., Xu, L., Shafiee, M. J., Vinson, N. G., Czarnecki, K. J., & Wong, A. K. C. (2024) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2024.124129 · Cited by 8
Fahmy, J. N., Colwell, A. S., & Chung, K. C. (2024) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000011519 · Cited by 6
Schütz, A., Salahuddin, N. H., Priller, J., Bighelli, I., & Leucht, S. (2024) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116069 · Cited by 6
“Of these, 9 potentially suitable studies/trial registrations (Malda et al., 2013; ChiC-TR-IPR-17011541, 2017; DRKS00012523, 2018; Müller et al., 2018; Freeman et al., 2019; NCT02787135, 2019; NCT04143126, 2019; Gar-ety et al., 2021; Smith et al., 2022) with 17 references were reported as ongoing,…”
BackgroundThe role of politicians' perceptual accuracy of voter opinions in their reelection
Hug, S., Varone, F., Helfer, L., Walgrave, S., Soontjens, K., & Sheffer, L. (2024) · Legislative Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1111/lsq.12471 · Cited by 7
Sroka, M. G. U., Ambrée, O., Dohmen, C., Palme, R., Kaiser, S., & Richter, S. H. (2024) · Frontiers in Animal Science · doi:10.3389/fanim.2024.1423814 · Cited by 6
Masse, J., Hamel, C., Bainard, L. D., et al. (2024) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2024.109256 · Cited by 6
Nurturing attention through nature
Singh, N., Baumbach, C., Compa, M. F., Buczyłowska, D., Bratkowski, J., Mysak, Y., Wierzba-Łukaszyk, M., Sitnik‐Warchulska, K., Skotak, K., Lipowska, M., et al. (2024) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2024.120024 · Cited by 8
Understanding p -values and significance
Altman, N., & Krzywinski, M. I. (2024) · Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/00236772241247106 · Cited by 6
Value added to marketing research diagnoses by add-ons to $${\varvec{p}}$$-values
Bultez, A. V., & Herrmann, J.-L. (2025) · Journal of Marketing Analytics · doi:10.1057/s41270-024-00351-w · Cited by 6
Validation of a Novel Adaptive Inner EAR Scale to Intelligently Quantify the Impact of Hearing Loss
Kim, M., Corrales, C. E., Prince, A. A., et al. (2025) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1002/lary.32087 · Cited by 6
Palaniyandi, J., Bruin, J. E., Fisher, M. M., Borghese, M. M., Hoyeck, M. P., Panagiotopoulos, C., & Ashley‐Martin, J. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf143 · Cited by 5
The statistical impact of ROI referencing on quantitative susceptibility mapping
Fuchs, P., Kiersnowski, O. C., Milovic, C., et al. (2025) · Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10334-025-01226-6 · Cited by 6
“…is “cherry-picking promising findings, also known by such terms as data dredging, significance chasing, significance questing, selective inference” [36] Often, in clinical applications the more conservative approach may not lead to the most impressive publications: only showing two statistically…”
The burden of viral skin diseases in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990–2021
Amiri, F., Safiri, S., Aletaha, R., Mousavi, S. E., Sullman, M. J. M., Houshyar, Y., Kolahi, A., & Arshi, S. (2025) · Journal of Infection and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102784 · Cited by 6
Survival in Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Australia: a 50 year retrospective cohort study
Davidson, Z. E., Vidmar, S., Griffiths, A., et al. (2025) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2025.101568 · Cited by 6
“Also, in accordance with the recommendations of international scienti fi c committees, 15,16 rather than the dichotomous interpretation of statistical signi fi cance using a cut point of 0.05, we have evaluated the estimates reported within this paper in terms of their overall direction, magnitude,…”
InfluentialLaboratory reference intervals - history and modern approaches for improved utility
Badrick, T. C., El-Khoury, J. M., & Theodorsson, E. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365513.2025.2512995 · Cited by 6
Groenen, H., Jalalzadeh, H., Bontekoning, N., Bediako‐Bowan, A., Buis, D. R., Dreissen, Y. E. M., Eskes, A. M., Goosen, J. H. M., Gray, M. L., Griekspoor, M., et al. (2025) · BJS Open · doi:10.1093/bjsopen/zraf044 · Cited by 6
“A two-sided P 0.050 was considered statistically significant, and the results of all statistical tests are interpreted in context 26 .”
InfluentialJafrasteh, B., Adeli, E., Pohl, K. M., Kuceyeski, A. F., Sabuncu, M. R., & Zhao, Q. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-12026-2 · Cited by 9
Austin, A. E., de Cuba, S. E., Maierhofer, C., Naumann, R. B., Chen, M. S., Anderson, K. N., & Shafer, P. R. (2025) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108385 · Cited by 7
Fraschetti, E. C., Sater, A. A. A., Perry, C. G. R., & Josse, A. R. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17172816 · Cited by 7
“…the use and interpretation of p -values urging scientists to not base scientific conclusions on p -values alone and to use other metrics or tests to support interpretations of p -values (e.g., effect sizes, confidence intervals) [38], particularly with smaller sample sizes in human interventions.”
Yardibi, F., Chen, C., Aladağ, Ç. H., & Köse, Ö. (2025) · Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/jep.70257 · Cited by 7
López-Garzón, M., Plata-Peregrina, M. D. C., Perez-Sanchez, E. I., Lozano‐Lozano, M., Artacho‐Cordón, F., & Galiano‐Castillo, N. (2025) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-025-06735-3 · Cited by 7
“Analytical decisions were guided by recommendations against sole reliance on p values [45].”
Addressing p-values in multiple statistical testing: A primer for sports sciences researchers
Afonso, J., Andrade, R., Clemente, F. M., Oliveira, E., Sarmento, H., Wallot, S., Ramírez‐Campillo, R., & Warneke, K. (2025) · Football Studies · doi:10.1016/j.footst.2025.100016 · Cited by 7
Identifying and mitigating bias in multiple aspects of modern clinical research
Thambiraj, G., & Armoundas, A. A. (2026) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-026-01721-4 · Cited by 8
New Technical Solutions for Designing Thermoelectric Systems
Shelekhov, I. Y., Shishelova, T. I., & Smirnov, E. I. (2018) · Mordovia University Bulletin · doi:10.15507/0236-2910.028.201801.048-061 · Cited by 6
Rudolph, M. E., McArthur, M. A., Magder, L. S., Barnes, R. S., Chen, W. H., & Sztein, M. B. (2019) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2019.04.002 · Cited by 6
“1 were also presented as possible trends as per the recommendation of the American Statistical Association’s statement concerning the context and purpose of pvalues, particularly in data with low n-numbers [44, 45].”
Feasibility of three dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography methods to assess placental perfusion
Schiffer, V. M. M. M., Pellaers, D., Hoenen, J. L. J. M., van Kuijk, S. M. J., Spaanderman, M. E. A., & Al‐Nasiry, S. (2020) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.006 · Cited by 6
To p or not to p : the use of p -values in analytical science
Analytical Methods Committee AMCTB No. (2020) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c9ay90196e · Cited by 6
Some Thoughts on Official Statistics and its Future (with discussion)
Tillé, Y., Debusschere, M., Luomaranta, H., Axelson, M., Elvers, E., Holmberg, A., & Valliant, R. (2022) · Journal of Official Statistics · doi:10.2478/jos-2022-0026 · Cited by 6
“The subject has become controversial to such an extent that one can say that there is a crisis in statistics (Gelman and Loken 2014; Fraser and Reid 2016) and that the American Statistical Association felt compelled to issue a statement on the p -value (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
BackgroundGarthe, R. C., Rieger, A., Goffnett, J., Kaur, A., Sarol, J. N., Jr., Blackburn, A. M., Kim, S., Hereth, J. E., & Kennedy, A. C. (2022) · Journal of LGBT Youth · doi:10.1080/19361653.2022.2132443 · Cited by 8
“We follow current recommendations not to rely on null hypothesis statistical testing to determine what are important results (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016).”
MethodLv, N., Hallihan, H., Xiao, L., Williams, L. M., Ajilore, O., & Ma, J. (2023) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.022 · Cited by 6
Fahle, L., Petruska, A. J., Walton, G., Brune, J. F., & Holley, E. (2023) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs15071764 · Cited by 6
Siconolfi, D. E., Thomas, E. G., Chen, E. K., Haberlen, S., Friedman, M. R., Ware, D. P., Meanley, S., Brennan‐Ing, M., Brown, A. L., Egan, J. E., et al. (2023) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/08982643231177725 · Cited by 6
“…results from all models as odds ratios with 95% con fi dence intervals (CI) to re fl ect the estimated effects and uncertainty of the point estimates (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016; Wasserstein et al., 2019); in reporting our results, con fi dence intervals that do not contain 1.0 are considered evidence…”
MethodInfluentialWaardenburg, S. F., de Meij, N., van Kuijk, S. M. J., Zundert, J. H. M. V., & Brouwer, B. A. (2023) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/papr.13274 · Cited by 5
“21 The statistical analyses were executed in R, a language for statistical computing, through R version 3.6.1 with R Studio1.”
MethodInfluentialBayesian Statistics Improves Biological Interpretability of Metabolomics Data from Human Cohorts
Brydges, C. R., Che, X., Lipkin, W. I., & Fiehn, O. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13090984 · Cited by 8
“A classic p-value reports the probability of the data given the hypothesis—not the probability of the hypothesis, given the data [5].”
BackgroundDistinguishing Type I and II errors in statistical tree-ring dating
Helama, S. (2023) · Quaternary Geochronology · doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2023.101470 · Cited by 6
Dissolved free amino acids could be odorants for imprinting and homing by Atlantic Salmon
Minkoff, D., Ardren, W. R., Kaiser, K., Dittman, A. H., Quinn, T. P., Atema, J., & Taylor, B. W. (2023) · Freshwater Science · doi:10.1086/728120 · Cited by 6
“We recognize the use of subjective signi fi cance thresholds, such as p 0.05, for re-jecting the null hypothesis and the use of p -values alone (i.e., without relevant effect size measures) for inference have been thoroughly criticized (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
MethodInfluentialLakomý, M. (2023) · Acta Sociologica · doi:10.1177/00016993231210660 · Cited by 6
“This paper follows a suggestion to use a signi fi cance level of p = 0.005 and interpret the effect sizes more than signi fi cance levels, as suggested by statisticians (Benjamin et al., 2018; Johnson, 2019; Soukup, 2019; Wasserstein and Lazar, 2016).”
InfluentialSidebotham, D. A., Dominick, F., Deng, C., Barlow, C. J., & Jones, P. M. (2023) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2023.10.036 · Cited by 7
Secondary Teachers' Adolescent Literacy Efficacy and Professional Learning Considerations
Savitz, R. S., Morrison, J. D., Brown, C., Aldrich, C., Kane, B. D., & O’Byrne, W. I. (2023) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1002/rrq.521 · Cited by 8
Khudaida, S. H., Yen, S.-K., & Su, C. (2024) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules29020363 · Cited by 6
Kearns, W. G., Stamoulis, G., Glick, J., Baisch, L., Benner, A. T., Brough, D. E., Du, L., Wilson, B., Kearns, L., Ng, N., et al. (2024) · Journal of Molecular Diagnostics · doi:10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.03.004 · Cited by 11
Parsons, N., Whitehouse, M. R., & Costa, M. L. (2024) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.106b4.bjj-2023-1043.r1 · Cited by 6
Tramadol use in U.S. Adults With Commercial Health Insurance, 2005–2021
Basham, C. A., Edrees, H. H., Huybrechts, K. F., Hwang, C. S., Bateman, B. T., & Bykov, K. (2024) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2024.06.009 · Cited by 8
Academic Culture: Its Meaning, Measure and Contribution to Student Learning
Leithwood, K. A., Sun, J., Zhang, S., & Hua, C. (2024) · Journal of School Leadership · doi:10.1177/10526846241258199 · Cited by 11
“To interpret the results, we followed the 2016 American Statistical Association (ASA) Statement on p-Values and Statistical Signi fi cance (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016) along with other recommendations (Kline, 2020; Wasserstein et al., 2019).”
Acoustic airway clearance devices: A systematic review of experimental and numerical studies
Uzundurukan, A., Poncet, S., Boffito, D. C., et al. (2024) · Biomedical Engineering Advances · doi:10.1016/j.bea.2024.100134 · Cited by 6
Akrout, H., & Woodside, A. G. (2024) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2024.10.006 · Cited by 9
Hemming, K., Kudrna, L., Watson, S., Taljaard, M., Greenfield, S., Goulão, B., & Lilford, R. J. (2024) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-024-02366-4 · Cited by 11
“Recent campaigns have highlighted the continuing prevalence of apparent misunderstanding [29, 53, 5, 6].”
BackgroundAdvanced feature analysis for enhancing cocrystal prediction
Cossard, A., Sabena, C., Bianchini, G., et al. (2025) · Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems · doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2025.105318 · Cited by 6
Data-driven upper bounds and event attribution for unprecedented heatwaves
Risser, M. D., Zhang, L., & Wehner, M. F. (2025) · Weather and Climate Extremes · doi:10.1016/j.wace.2025.100743 · Cited by 8
Sex differences in clozapine prescription: Results from an Italian 30-year health records registry
Ferrara, M., Domenicano, I., Bellagamba, A., Zaffarami, G., Benini, L., Sorio, C., Gentili, E., Srihari, V. H., & Grassi, L. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.019 · Cited by 5
Degenhard, A., Askari, A., Rietzler, M., & Rukzio, E. (2025) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3714204 · Cited by 11
Metformin for the Prevention of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: An Observational Cohort Study
Sillis, L., Heinonen, E. W., Ceulemans, M., et al. (2025) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.18238 · Cited by 6
Moses‐Kolko, E. L., Straub, L., Fung, K., & Huybrechts, K. F. (2025) · Birth Defects Research · doi:10.1002/bdr2.2496 · Cited by 6
“Our interpretation of the results focused on the strength of the RR, and its precision as reflected in the width of the 95% CI, instead of statistical significance at the p 0.05 level (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).”
InfluentialDeciphering P values: Beware false certainty
Hewitt, C. L., Campbell, M. L., & Davidson, A. D. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aag3065 · Cited by 6
Statistical reporting of clinical pharmacology research
Ring, A., Schall, R., Loke, Y. K., & Day, S. J. (2017) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.13254 · Cited by 6
P‐value calibration in multiple hypotheses testing
Cabras, S., & Castellanos, M. E. (2017) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.7330 · Cited by 6
“P-values or tail areas are the most commonly used measures to quantify evidence against a hypothesis; however, their use in statistical testing leads to well-known drawbacks that also motivated the American Statistical Association to publish a statement on p-values [1].”
MethodBayesian dose selection design for a binary outcome using restricted response adaptive randomization
Meinzer, C., Martin, R. H., & Suárez, J. I. (2017) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2004-6 · Cited by 6
“Historically, the use of type I error levels has been accepted as an immutable requirement, although more recently discussion in the statistical community has acknowledged that the type I error rate should reflect the trade-offs specific to a trial, and as such may be higher in certain situations [6, 35, 36].”
BackgroundElhussein, M. A., Düştegör, D., Nagy, N., & Alghamdi, A. K. H. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Education · doi:10.1109/te.2018.2840501 · Cited by 6
“As indicated in the ASA’s Statement on p-Values [22], “p-value does not provide a good measure of evidence regarding a model or hypothesis” and therefore it is always useful “to supplement it with other values”.”
BackgroundComparing techniques for aggregating interrelated replications in software engineering
Santos, A., & Juristo, N. (2018) · Proceedings of the ... ACM-IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement/International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement · doi:10.1145/3239235.3239239 · Cited by 5
“Thus, some authors suggest replacing p-values by effects sizes and their corresponding 95% CIs instead [46][10][32], as they serve also to quantify the statistical significance of results (if the 95% CI does not cross 0, then the effect size is statistically significant), and they can be used either to quantify the pr…”
BackgroundMethodCausality Modeling and Statistical Generative Mechanisms
Mandel, I. (2018) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99492-5_7 · Cited by 5
Binary and Nonbinary Measures of Successful Aging: Do They Yield Comparable Conclusions?
Manierre, M. J. (2018) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027518819208 · Cited by 8
Lowering the P Value Threshold
Adibi, A., Sin, D. D., & Sadatsafavi, M. (2019) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2019.0566 · Cited by 6
A non-parametric significance test to compare corpora
Koplenig, A. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222703 · Cited by 8
What Is In a (Non‐) Significant Finding? Moving Beyond False Dichotomies
Steenbergen, M. R. (2019) · Swiss Political Science Review · doi:10.1111/spsr.12373 · Cited by 6
Uncertainty Quantification Analysis of a Pressurized Fuel Cell Hybrid System
Cuneo, A., Giugno, A., Mantelli, L., et al. (2019) · Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power · doi:10.1115/1.4045443 · Cited by 6
Models of Financial Microeconometrics
Gruszczyński, M. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-34219-7_2 · Cited by 6
Valid p-values and expectations of p-values revisited
Vexler, A. (2020) · Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics · doi:10.1007/s10463-020-00747-2 · Cited by 6
Autoeficacia y su relación con el rendimiento académico en estudiantes de enseñanza de la matemática
Araya, J. A. Z., Cruz-Quesada, J. D., & Amador-Montes, M. S. (2020) · Innovaciones educativas · doi:10.22458/ie.v22i32.2818 · Cited by 6
The 2010 HMGs Ten Years Later: Where Do We Go From Here?
Salop, S. C., & Morton, F. S. (2021) · Review of Industrial Organization · doi:10.1007/s11151-020-09809-4 · Cited by 6
“28 On behalf of the American Statistical Association, (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016), released a statement that contained six principles with regard to the use of p-values, including the following three principles: (2) P-values do not measure the probability that the studied hypothesis is true, or the probability that t…”
BackgroundPhelps-Gregory, C. M., & Spitzer, S. M. (2020) · Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education · doi:10.1007/s10857-020-09469-x · Cited by 4
“Given the recent calls to de‑empha‑ size the p 0.05 threshold for drawing conclusions (e.g. Wasserstein and Lazar 2016), we 1 3 present these findings primarily as a provocation for further study by the field.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialApplication of Biostatistics in Dental Public Health
Dawson, D. V., Blanchette, D. R., & Pihlstrom, B. L. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-55484-8.00013-7 · Cited by 6
Programming Versus Natural Language
Edwards, J., Leinonen, J., Birthare, C., Zavgorodniaia, A., & Hellas, A. (2020) · ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research (ICER) · doi:10.1145/3372782.3406272 · Cited by 6
Statistical model for reproducibility in ranking-based feature selection
Urkullu, A., Pérez, A., & Calvo, B. (2020) · Knowledge and Information Systems · doi:10.1007/s10115-020-01519-3 · Cited by 6
A Causal Analysis of the Effect of Age and Sex Differences on Brain Atrophy in the Elderly Brain
Gómez‐Ramírez, J., Fernández‐Blázquez, M. A., & González-Rosa, J. J. (2022) · Life · doi:10.3390/life12101586 · Cited by 7
THE (NON‐)SIGNIFICANCE OF REPORTING ERRORS IN ECONOMICS: EVIDENCE FROM THREE TOP JOURNALS
Pütz, P., & Bruns, S. B. (2020) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/joes.12397 · Cited by 6
Baz, A. A. M., Mohamed, R. M., & Elkaffas, K. (2020) · The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.1186/s43055-020-00344-6 · Cited by 6
Semi-parametric empirical Bayes factor for genome-wide association studies
Morisawa, J., Otani, T., Nishino, J., Emoto, R., Takahashi, K., & Matsui, S. (2021) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41431-020-00800-x · Cited by 5
“Many authors, however, have pointed out that the P value has fundamental limitations [3].”
BackgroundEshraghi, Y., Chakravarthy, K. V., Strand, N. H., Shirvalkar, P. R., Schuster, N. M., Abdallah, R. T., Vallejo, R., Sayed, D., Kim, D. S., Kim, C., et al. (2021) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s295502 · Cited by 7
“Interpretation of p-values in the medical literature is fraught with errors and common misconceptions.(33,37,38) Conventionally, the type I (false positive) error rate for comparing group means is set at 5% (alpha = 0.”
BackgroundHollister, J. W., Kellogg, D. Q., Kreakie, B. J., Shivers, S. D., Milstead, W. B., Herron, E., Green, L., & Gold, A. J. (2021) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.3555 · Cited by 6
Validating Game-Theoretic Models of Terrorism: Insights from Machine Learning
Bang, J. T., Basuchoudhary, A., & Mitra, A. (2021) · Games · doi:10.3390/g12030054 · Cited by 6
“All of this contributes to charges of p hacking in academic research [2].”
BackgroundMatthey, S., & Molgora, S. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.041 · Cited by 6
Bonotto, D. M. (2021) · Environmental Geochemistry and Health · doi:10.1007/s10653-021-01058-y · Cited by 6
“The null hypothesis significance testing by calculating the p-value from Pearson correlation coefficients has been traditionally adopted for checking the reliability of the results obtained (Wasserstein & Lazar, 2016).”
MethodCoulombe, J. C., Mullen, Z., Lynch, M. E., et al. (2021) · MethodsX · doi:10.1016/j.mex.2021.101497 · Cited by 6
Yost, R. T., Liang, E., Stewart, M. P., et al. (2021) · Journal of Chemical Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10886-021-01300-y · Cited by 6
Kojundžić, S. L., Mršić, D. B., Jelovina, I., et al. (2021) · Croatian Medical Journal · doi:10.3325/cmj.2021.62.367 · Cited by 6
Mortality following workplace injury: Quantitative bias analysis
Busey, A. H., Asfaw, A., Applebaum, K. M., et al. (2021) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.09.015 · Cited by 6
Reassembling the fragility index: a demonstration of statistical reasoning
Baer, B. R., Gaudino, M. F. L., Fremes, S. E., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.10.010 · Cited by 6
Zhang, L., Patel, S., Soulakova, J. N., Caldwell, C. C., & Schneider, B. S. P. (2021) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1177/15353702211060775 · Cited by 6
“In alignment with the American Statistical Association, we note that the P values reported in this study are contingent on the stated hypotheses, and P values less than 5% indicate that the data gathered in this animal study are incompatible with the specified null hypotheses (of no effect).(51) Unlike most military g…”
Result
Metadata
- Authors
- Wasserstein, R. L., & Lazar, N. A.
- Affiliations
- American Statistical Association, 732 North Washington Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1943
- American Statistical Association (US)
- ORCID
- Lazar, Nicole A.
- Venue
- The American Statistician
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-04-02
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 129-133
- ISSN
- 0003-1305 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-2731
- OpenAlex
- W2293040502
- Semantic Scholar
- 81a65f23474ffceb2481836328608102950da979
- Cited by
- 6,306
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 625 · 2025: 629 · 2024: 575 · 2023: 543 · 2022: 642 · 2021: 676 · 2020: 678 · 2019: 666 · 2018: 596 · 2017: 438 · 2016: 226
- FWCI
- 649.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The American Statistician (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistics Education and Methodologies
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
- Keywords
- p-values, statistical evidence, p-value interpretation, statistical inference, hypothesis testing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-09-28, under version 3 of the claim definition (prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-09-28 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
