The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Shyness 3: Randomized Controlled Trial of Guided Versus Unguided Internet-Based CBT for Social Phobia
Abstract
Objective: In two previous randomized controlled trials Titov et al. demonstrated significant benefit from an Internet- and email-based treatment programme for social phobia. The present study (Shyness 3) explores whether participants are able to complete this programme independently. Method: A total of 98 individuals with social phobia were randomly assigned to a clinician-assisted computerized cognitive behavioural treatment (CaCCBT) group, a self-guided computerized CBT (CCBT) group, or to a waitlist control group. CaCCBT group participants completed the usual Shyness programme consisting of six online lessons, cognitive behavioural homework assignments, email contact with a therapist, and participation in an online discussion forum. CCBT group participants accessed the same resources except for therapist emails. An intention-to-treat model was used for data analyses. Results: A total of 77% of CaCCBT and 33% of CCBT group participants completed all lessons. Significant differences were found after treatment between CaCCBT and control groups (mean between-groups effect size (ES) for the social phobia measures = 1.04), and between the CaCCBT and CCBT groups (mean between-groups ES for the social phobia measures = 0.66). No significant differences were found after treatment between the CCBT and control groups (mean between-groups ES for the social phobia measures = 0.38). CCBT participants, however, who completed the six lessons made good progress (mean within-group ES for the social phobia measures = 0.62). Quantitative and qualitative data indicate that both the CaCCBT and CCBT procedures were acceptable to participants. Conclusions: The reliability of this Internet-based treatment programme for social phobia has been confirmed. The therapist-guided condition was superior to the self-guided condition, but a subgroup of participants still benefited considerably from the latter. These data confirm that self-guided education or treatment programmes for common anxiety disorders can result in significant improvements.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The number of modules completed was found to correlate with outcomes in interventions that targeted cigarette smoking [42,46,47], depression [45,48-51], and anxiety disorders [52-57].”
From A Systematic Review of the Impact of Adherence on the Effectiveness of e-Therapies (2011) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“What was unclear from the study was the extent to which it was the facilitated bulletin board or the email support that successfully provided the additional therapist guidance.”
In the citing paper
“Other studies have included online discussion groups as part of an online intervention (for example: [27, 29, 30]), but failed to either report usage data, differentiate the usage of the groups across the treatment groups, or analyse the impact of the discussion groups on the study outcomes.”
In the citing paper
“it is remarkable that 18 state that encouraging adherence is a task for the counselor [45-62]”
From Persuasive System Design Does Matter: a Systematic Review of Adherence to Web-based Interventions (2012) · cites this paper as [54]
Citations
Cites
The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Widiger, T. A. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10518-009 · Cited by 19,766
(1998) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · Cited by 19,139
KESSLER, R. C., ANDREWS, G., COLPE, L. J., HIRIPI, E., MROCZEK, D. K., NORMAND, S.-L. T., WALTERS, E. E., & ZASLAVSKY, A. M. (2002) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291702006074 · Cited by 10,327
Self-citationMattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(97)10031-6 · Cited by 3,367
The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses
Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. E., Forman, E. M., & Beck, A. T. (2006) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003 · Cited by 3,215
Psychometric properties of the credibility/expectancy questionnaire
Devilly, G. J., & Borkovec, T. D. (2000) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0005-7916(00)00012-4 · Cited by 2,295 · cited 8×
“naire based on the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire [31,34].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialInternet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for symptoms of depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis
SPEK, V., CUIJPERS, P., NYKLÍČEK, I., RIPER, H., KEYZER, J., & POP, V. (2007) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706008944 · Cited by 1,586
Credibility of analogue therapy rationales
Borkovec, T. D., & Nau, S. D. (1972) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0005-7916(72)90045-6 · Cited by 1,553 · cited 3×
“naire based on the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire [31,34].”
Andrews, G., Henderson, S., & Hall, W. (2001) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.178.2.145 · Cited by 933 · cited 1×
“High prevalence disorders such as anxiety and depression result in considerable disability [1,2] but can be treated effectively with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) [3 5].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Otto MW, 2004, J Clin Psychiatry, 65, 34
- World Health Organization, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule
- Sheehan DV, 1998, J Clin Psychiatry, 59, 22
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 220
Rheker, J., Andersson, G., & Weise, C. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.03.007 · Cited by 38
Zhao, C., Wampold, B. E., Ren, Z., Zhang, L., & Guangrong, J. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23329 · Cited by 39
The Internet and the therapeutic education of patients: A systematic review of the literature
Grémeaux, V., & Coudeyre, E. (2010) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2010.09.003 · Cited by 38
“…supe´rieure dans groupe intervention de douleur, dyspne´e, fatigue, stretching et renforcement musculaire a` 1 an 162 patients sous warfarine [61] Automesure INR a` domicile + connexion site d’aide a ` l’autogestion versus soins usuels Temps en zone cible supe´rieure dans le groupe…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDryman, M. T., McTeague, L. M., Olino, T. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000232 · Cited by 44
Is internet treatment for depressive and anxiety disorders ready for prime time?
Andrews, G., & Titov, N. (2010) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03693.x · Cited by 37
Self-citationBiagianti, B., Foti, G., Liberto, A. D., Bressi, C., & Brambilla, P. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.057 · Cited by 44
Shyness: Subtypes, Psychosocial Correlates, and Treatment Interventions
Jones, K. M., Schulkin, J. A., & Schmidt, L. A. (2014) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2014.53035 · Cited by 43
Watts, S. E., & Andrews, G. (2014) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2014.06.007 · Cited by 32
Self-citationMelisse, B., van den Berg, E. M., de Jonge, M., Blankers, M., van Furth, E. F., Dekker, J., & de Beurs, E. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/40472 · Cited by 37
TRANSDIAGNOSTIC INTERNET TREATMENT FOR ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION
Titov, N., Dear, B. F., Johnston, L., & Terides, M. D. (2012) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · Cited by 31
Self-citationOnline physical activity interventions for mental disorders: A systematic review
Rosenbaum, S., Newby, J. M., Steel, Z., Andrews, G., & Ward, P. B. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.04.001 · Cited by 32
“This is an open access article under disorders (Hedman et al., 2011; Klein et al., 2010; Paxling et al., 2011; Titov et al., 2008; Wims et al., 2010), mixed anxiety diagnoses (Carlbring et al.”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Factor Structure of the Kessler-10 Questionnaire in a Treatment-Seeking Sample
Berle, D., Starčević, V., Milicevic, D., Moses, K., Hannan, A., Sammut, P., & Brakoulias, V. (2010) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181ef1f16 · Cited by 31
El Alaoui, S., Hedman, E., Ljótsson, B., & Lindefors, N. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007902 · Cited by 30
Computer-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy: effective and getting ready for dissemination
Titov, N., Andrews, G., & Sachdev, P. (2010) · F1000 Medicine Reports · doi:10.3410/m2-49 · Cited by 30
“Robust and reliable clinically significant improvements have also been reported by several independent research teams treating people with social phobia by means of internet-based CCBT [15-19].”
BackgroundSelf-citationUnderstanding adherence to web-based interventions
Kelders, S. M. (2012) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036534178 · Cited by 29
Computerised cognitive behavioural therapy and its uses
Kaltenthaler, E., & Cavanagh, K. (2010) · Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/pnp.163 · Cited by 29
Scholten, W., Seldenrijk, A., Hoogendoorn, A. W., Bosman, R. C., Muntingh, A., Karyotaki, E., Andersson, G., Berger, T., Carlbring, P., Furmark, T., et al. (2023) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.1291 · Cited by 31
Digitally Delivered Psychological Interventions for Anxiety Disorders: a Comprehensive Review
Stefanopoulou, E., Lewis, D., Taylor, M., Broscombe, J., & Larkin, J. (2018) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-018-9620-5 · Cited by 30
Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Mahoney, A., Li, I., Grierson, A. B., Millard, M., Haskelberg, H., & Mason, E. C. (2021) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050067.2021.1979884 · Cited by 24
Self-citationRothman, K., Roddy, M. K., & Doss, B. D. (2019) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.12378 · Cited by 25
Hit and miss: Innovation and the dissemination of evidence based psychological treatments
Andrews, G., & Titov, N. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.07.007 · Cited by 26
Self-citationTreating people you never see: Internet-based treatment of the internalising mental disorders
Andrews, G., & Titov, N. (2010) · Australian Health Review · doi:10.1071/ah09775 · Cited by 23
Self-citationRoddy, M. K., Nowlan, K., & Doss, B. (2017) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12262 · Cited by 22
Pilot Implementation of Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in a University Health Setting
Santucci, L. C., McHugh, R. K., Elkins, R. M., Schechter, B., Ross, M. S., Landa, C. E., Eisen, S. V., & Barlow, D. H. (2013) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-013-0488-2 · Cited by 26
The use of automated assessments in internet-based CBT: The computer will be with you shortly
Mason, E. C., & Andrews, G. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.10.003 · Cited by 24
Self-citationOey, L. T., McDonald, S., McGrath, L., Dear, B. F., & Wootton, B. M. (2023) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2023.2250073 · Cited by 29
Merkouris, S. S., Rodda, S. N., Austin, D., Lubman, D. I., Harvey, P., Battersby, M., Cunningham, J., Lavis, T., Smith, D., & Dowling, N. A. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014226 · Cited by 21
Remote cognitive behaviour therapy for social anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis
Winter, H. R., Norton, A. R., Burley, J., & Wootton, B. M. (2023) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102787 · Cited by 27
McCall, H. C., Helgadóttir, F. D., Menzies, R. G., Hadjistavropoulos, H. D., & Chen, F. S. (2018) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/11566 · Cited by 23
“Overcome Social Anxiety arose from a program of research exploring the common limitations of other CCBT interventions [15] and was designed to address 5 such limitations in particular.”
BackgroundInfluentialAre Trials of Computerized Therapy Generalizable? A Multidimensional Meta-analysis
Wilks, C. R., Zieve, G. G., & Lessing, H. K. (2016) · Telemedicine and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2015.0129 · Cited by 18
Tulbure, B. T. (2011) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.108 · Cited by 20
Internet- und Mobilebasierte Interventionen in der Psychotherapie
Lin, J., & Baumeister, H. (2015) · Public Health Forum · doi:10.1515/pubhef-2015-0063 · Cited by 19
The acceptability of therapist-assisted, internet-delivered treatment for college students
Travers, M. F., & Benton, S. A. (2014) · Journal of College Student Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/87568225.2014.854676 · Cited by 19
The efficacy of psychotherapy for social anxiety disorder, a systematic review and meta-analysis
de Ponti, N., Matbouriahi, M., Franco, P., Harrer, M., Miguel, C., Papola, D., Sicimoğlu, A., Cuijpers, P. J., & Karyotaki, E. (2024) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102881 · Cited by 30
Kählke, F., Berger, T., Schulz, A., Baumeister, H., Berking, M., Cuijpers, P. J., Bruffaerts, R., Auerbach, R. P., Kessler, R. C., & Ebert, D. D. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2125-4 · Cited by 20
Schulz, A., Stolz, T., & Berger, T. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-14-115 · Cited by 17
Bautista, C. L., Ralston, A. L., Brock, R. L., & Hope, D. A. (2022) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2022.2040160 · Cited by 21
“Several randomized controlled trials have consistently supported the efficacy of the program (Titov et al., 2008; Titov et al., 2009) with large effect sizes (.80 to 1.47) for pre- to post-treatment changes in primary outcome measures (Titov et al. 2008; Johnston et al., 2011; Titov et al., 2009).”
BackgroundInfluentialLobban, F., Dodd, A., Dagnan, D., Diggle, P., Griffiths, M., Hollingsworth, B., Knowles, D., Long, R., Mallinson, S., Morriss, R., et al. (2015) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2015.01.004 · Cited by 20
“However, previous research in this broad area suggests that selfmanagement interventions are likely to be more effective when they are supported [54,55], that this may be because of greater adherence and use of the site [14], and that peer and therapist support are both potential options [56].”
BackgroundJain, N., Stech, E., Grierson, A. B., Sharrock, M. J., Li, I., Mahoney, A. E. J., & Newby, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102473 · Cited by 21
Self-citationInternet- und mobilebasierte Intervention bei psychischen Störungen
Paganini, S., Lin, J., Ebert, D. D., & Baumeister, H. (2016) · NeuroTransmitter · doi:10.1007/s15016-016-5393-y · Cited by 15
Laurito, L. D., dos Santos‐Ribeiro, S., Moreira‐de‐Oliveira, M. E., Loureiro, C. P., Hühne, V., Torres, B., de Faro, L. F. T., de Menezes, G. B., & Fontenelle, L. F. (2024) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2023.1286865 · Cited by 16
Talbot, F. (2012) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1017/bec.2012.4 · Cited by 15
“Titov et al. (2008c) were able to completely eliminate therapist’s guidance by using automated NGCs in the form of automated emails and reminders, with no associated detrimental impact on outcomes or treatment satisfaction.”
MethodRozen, N., & Aderka, I. M. (2021) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2021.1966089 · Cited by 14
Beintner, I., Görlich, D., Berger, T., Ebert, D. D., Zeiler, M. D., Herrero, R., Waldherr, K., & Jacobi, C. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2018.05.001 · Cited by 16
“, 2016), and the provision of guidance (e.g., Berger et al., 2011; Furmark et al., 2009; Murray et al., 2007; Sanchez-Ortiz et al., 2011; Titov et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMackenzie, A., Harvey, S. B., Mewton, L. R., & Andrews, G. (2014) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja14.00293 · Cited by 14
Self-citationTitov, N., Dear, B. F., Johnston, L., & Terides, M. (2012) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · doi:10.5944/rppc.vol.17.num.3.2012.11842 · Cited by 13
Self-citationKatzman, M. A., Bleau, P., Blier, P., Chokka, P. R., Kjernisted, K. D., & Ameringen, M. V. (2021) · doi:10.32920/14638581 · Cited by 13
Hennemann, S., Böhme, K., Baumeister, H., Bendig, E., Kleinstäuber, M., Ebert, D. D., & Witthöft, M. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024929 · Cited by 16
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder
Hedman‐Lagerlöf, E., Botella, C., & Berger, T. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06083-5_4 · Cited by 13
Smart technologies for older people
Morris, M. E. (2012) · Cited by 13
Finding Web-Based Anxiety Interventions on the World Wide Web: A Scoping Review
Ashford, M. T., Olander, E. K., & Ayers, S. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.5349 · Cited by 11
“…#28, #29, #30) This Way Up Self-help (#31, #32) Panic: - 1 RCT a [85] - Pre-post intervention trial without comparison group [86] Social phobia: - 5 RCTs a [87-91] - Implementation study [92] - Cost-effectiveness, acceptability, and follow-up analysis [93] This Way Up School (#33, #34) Anxiety”
Rajeshkumar, L., Mishkind, M. C., Coleman, J. J., Pahwa, M., LaPreze, D., Solenske, S., & Wright, J. H. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/pra.0000000000000815 · Cited by 12
“61 The Worry Program , 64 – 66 a similar form of CCBT from the same group in Australia, is designed to build CBT skills for GAD, including modi fi cation of cognitions about worry and graded exposure.”
Nordgreen, T., & Havik, O. E. (2011) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/a0022729 · Cited by 13
Carter, W., Fergus, K., Ahmad, S., McLeod, D., & Stephen, J. (2015) · JMIR Cancer · doi:10.2196/cancer.3887 · Cited by 10
“Few studies have compared the same online intervention with and without therapist guidance and for the few that have been done, the results are equivocal with some finding superior outcomes for an online therapist-guided program over a non-therapist-guided version [31,32] and others finding no significant difference […”
ResultHall, M., Luo, A., Bhullar, N., Moses, K., & Wootton, B. M. (2024) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050067.2024.2356804 · Cited by 15
Web Based Interventions in Psychiatry: An Overview
Mehta, V. S., & Parakh, M. (2015) · International Journal of Mental Health & Psychiatry · doi:10.4172/2471-4372.1000108 · Cited by 10
“There is now evidence to suggest that Internet delivered CBT works for panic disorder [9,10], social anxiety disorder [11], generalized anxiety disorder [12], post-traumatic stress disorder [13], and specific phobia [8].”
BackgroundStrengths and Limitations of Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Treatments for Anxiety Disorders
Woods, A., Stults, C. B., Terry, R. L., & Rego, S. A. (2017) · Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy · doi:10.14713/pcsp.v13i3.2015 · Cited by 11
Evaluation of a DVD-based self-help program in highly socially anxious individuals--pilot study.
Mall, A., Mehl, A., Kiko, S., Kleindienst, N., Salize, H., Hermann, C., Hoffmann, T., Bohus, M., & Steil, R. (2011) · The Behavior Therapist · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2010.11.007 · Cited by 7
Computerised cognitive behavioural therapy: helping Ireland log on
Twomey, C., O'Reilly, G., & Byrne, M. (2013) · Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/ipm.2012.5 · Cited by 11
Internet‐Delivered Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder
Andersson, G., Carlbring, P., & Furmark, T. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118653920.ch26 · Cited by 10
Skaczkowski, G., van der Kruk, S., Loxton, S., Hughes-Barton, D., Howell, C., Turnbull, D., Jensen, N., Smout, M., & Gunn, K. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/31018 · Cited by 9
Carolan, S., Harris, P. R., Greenwood, K., & Cavanagh, K. (2016) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1733-2 · Cited by 9
“Other studies have included online discussion groups as part of an online intervention (for example: [27, 29, 30]), but failed to either report usage data, differentiate the usage of the groups across the treatment groups, or analyse the impact of the discussion groups on the study outcomes.”
BackgroundMutter, A., Bücheler, M., Idrees, A. R., Domhardt, M., & Baumeister, H. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086728 · Cited by 10
Tulbure, B. T., Månsson, K. N. T., & Andersson, G. (2012) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-13-202 · Cited by 8
“Since then, other Internet-delivered interventions for SAD have been developed and tested in Australia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland [10-17], supporting the shortand long-term benefits of such interventions.”
BackgroundDelsignore, A., Rufer, M., Emmerich, J., Weidt, S., Brühl, A. B., & Moergeli, H. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.038 · Cited by 9
“Further, although the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive-behavior therapy has been shown for the treatment of several psychiatric conditions including SAD (Berger et al., 2011; Hedman et al., 2011; Gadit, 2006; Tilfors et al., 2008; Titov et al., 2008) and previous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of mo…”
BackgroundKavanagh, D. J. (2016) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/ap.12205 · Cited by 8
Sigurðardóttir, S., Helgadóttir, F. D., Menzies, R. E., Sighvatsson, M. B., & Menzies, R. G. (2022) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2022.100535 · Cited by 8
Eficácia do tratamento cognitivo e/ou comportamental para o transtorno de ansiedade social
Mululo, S. C. C., de Menezes, G. B., Fontenelle, L. F., & Versiani, M. (2009) · Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul · doi:10.1590/s0101-81082009000300007 · Cited by 7
Gega, L., Swift, L., Barton, G., Todd, G., Reeve, N., Bird, K., Holland, R., Howe, A. C., Wilson, J., & Molle, J. (2012) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-13-151 · Cited by 8
“Some cCBT studies [21] use therapists who, whilst more expensive, may satisfy patients’ expectations and needs better than non-experts.”
Shiri, R., Varje, P., & Toppinen‐Tanner, S. (2025) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112140 · Cited by 6
Gao, L., Dahmen, A., Keller, F. M., Becker, P., & Lippke, S. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182010919 · Cited by 7
Wootton, B. M., McDonald, S., Karin, E., Titov, N., & Dear, B. F. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23710 · Cited by 6
Self-citationLes nouvelles thérapies par Internet
Bergström, J. (2013) · RESET · doi:10.4000/reset.124 · Cited by 6
Petch, J. F., Murray, J. L., Bickerdike, A. J., & LEWIS, P. E. (2014) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/ap.12039 · Cited by 6
George, D., Jameson, J. P., Michael, K. D., Yarbrough, J. L., & George, D. (2020) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-020-00158-3 · Cited by 6
“However, purely self-guided interventions have not always compared favorably with MTC interventions (Christensen et al. 2006; Nordgreen et al. 2012; Titov et al. 2008).”
ResultInfluentialThe Nature and Treatment of Social Anxiety
Carpenter, J. K., Curtiss, J. E., & Hofmann, S. G. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118877142.ch5 · Cited by 6
Rozen, N., & Aderka, I. M. (2020) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101874 · Cited by 5
Owayyed, M. A., Tielman, M. L., Hartholt, A., Specht, M. M., & Brinkman, W. (2024) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2024.2374891 · Cited by 5
“Adding tutoring to such simulations could contribute to a guided learning experience, which is more effective than unguided learning (Clark 2007; Kirschner, Sweller, and Clark 2006; Lee 1999; Titov et al. 2008; Topu and Goktas 2019).”
Bert, F., Moro, G. L., Giacomini, G., Minutiello, E., & Siliquini, R. (2023) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daad006 · Cited by 5
Internet-Delivered Psychotherapy for Anxiety Disorders and Depression
Titov, N., Dear, B. F., & Andersson, G. (2014) · Focus · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.12.3.299 · Cited by 5
Self-citationTailoring Guidance in Internet-Based Interventions With Motive-Oriented Therapeutic Relationship
Debrot, A., Berthoud, L., Caspar, F., Berger, T., & Pomini, V. (2022) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2022.842487 · Cited by 5
The Climate Panic program of Internet-based treatment for panic disorder: A pilot study
Wims, E. (2008) · Cited by 5
Internet Supported Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Help Students with Shy-socially Isolated Problems
Ramdhani, N., Widjaja, J. D., & Rahmawati, N. (2015) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.620 · Cited by 8
Mechanisms of Action in the Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder
Otto, M. W., Safren, S. A., & Hearon, B. A. (2014) · Social Anxiety · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394427-6.00027-3 · Cited by 5
Steele, K. R., Upton, E. L., Holden, M., Regan, A., Coleshill, M. J., Li, S. H., Joubert, A. E., Mahoney, A., Millard, M., & Newby, J. M. (2025) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-025-08826-6 · Cited by 4
Self-citationCaractéristiques et évidences empiriques des traitements psychologiques basés sur Internet
Hohl, É., Berger, T., Bergström, J., Andersson, G., & Caspar, F. (2010) · Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive · doi:10.1016/j.jtcc.2010.04.002 · Cited by 4
Las nuevas tecnologías en el tratamiento de los trastornos de ansiedad
Baños, R., Guillén, V., García‐Palacios, A., Quero, S., & Botella, C. (2013) · INFORMACIO PSICOLOGICA · Cited by 3
Harper, K. M. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/j997-0s97 · Cited by 3
Andersson, G., & Carlbring, P. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20617 · Cited by 3
Brunner, I. C., Støme, L. N., & Kenter, R. M. F. (2026) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2026.100983 · Cited by 2
“From an implementation science perspective, an important source of DMHI-specific workload relates to workflow integration, platform usability, and interoperability with existing health information systems (Titov et al., 2019).”
InfluentialTechnological Interventions for Anxiety Disorders
Baños, R., Vara, M. D., Mira, A., García‐Palacios, A., & Botella, C. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00008-x · Cited by 2
Exploring the Efficacy of Distance Treatment for Anxiety and Anxiety Sensitivity
Olthuis, J. V. (2013) · DalSpace (Dalhousie University) · Cited by 1
The Use of Technology to Augment Clinical Care in Depression and Anxiety Disorders: An Evidence Map
Maher, A. R., Apaydin, E. A., Raaen, L. B., Motala, A., Shanman, R., & Hempel, S. (2019) · RAND Corporation eBooks · doi:10.7249/rr2177 · Cited by 2
powell, J. A., Atherton, H., Williams, V., Martin, A., Bennett, K., Bennett, A., Mollison, J., Yu, L., Yang, Y., Locock, L., et al. (2017) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/2055207617702272 · Cited by 2
“Undertaken by Titov et al. (2008), an intentionto-treat (ITT) analysis found that the unguided intervention was not effective relative to control.”
BackgroundEmotional engagement and perceived empathy in live vs. automated psychological interviews
Nyman, T. J., Noromies, A.-K., Pompedda, F., Santtila, P. O., & Antfolk, J. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0323490 · Cited by 1
Steele, K. R., Upton, E. L., Holden, M., Regan, A., Coleshill, M. J., Li, S. H., Joubert, A. E., Mahoney, A., Millard, M., & Newby, J. M. (2025) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103073 · Cited by 1
Self-citationBaumeister, H., Terhorst, Y., & Lin, J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32480-7_22 · Cited by 1
Applications of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Technologies with Children and Adolescents
David, D. O., Matu, S. A., & Cardoș, R. A.-I. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53901-6_24 · Cited by 1
Wright, J. H., Chan, S. R., & Mishkind, M. C. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11984-2_9 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Titov, N., Andrews, G., Choi, I., Schwencke, G., & Mahoney, A.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- St Vincent's Hospital Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Titov, Nickolai
- Venue
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-01-01
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1030-1040
- ISSN
- 0004-8674 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1614
- OpenAlex
- W2003524081
- Cited by
- 221
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 21.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, self-guided treatment, online forums, treatment completion, treatment acceptability
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Phobic Disorders, Psychometrics, Self Care, Shyness, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Internet, Electronic Mail, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
