Images of desire: cognitive models of craving.

May, Jon; Andrade, Jackie; Panabokke, Nathalie; Kavanagh, David

doi:10.1080/09658210444000061

Cited by 222Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesBehavioral Health and InterventionsMemory Processes and Influences

Images of desire: cognitive models of craving.

May, Jon, Andrade, Jackie, Panabokke, Nathalie, Kavanagh, David·2004·Memory

DOI 10.1080/09658210444000061

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Abstract

Cognitive modelling of phenomena in clinical practice allows the operationalization of otherwise diffuse descriptive terms such as craving or flashbacks. This supports the empirical investigation of the clinical phenomena and the development of targeted treatment interventions. This paper focuses on the cognitive processes underpinning craving, which is recognised as a motivating experience in substance dependence. We use a high-level cognitive architecture, Interacting Cognitive Subsystems (ICS), to compare two theories of craving: Tiffany's theory, centred on the control of automated action schemata, and our own Elaborated Intrusion theory of craving. Data from a questionnaire study of the subjective aspects of everyday desires experienced by a large non-clinical population are presented. Both the data and the high-level modelling support the central claim of the Elaborated Intrusion theory that imagery is a key element of craving, providing the subjective experience and mediating much of the associated disruption of concurrent cognition.

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Humans do not necessarily require physical reward cues; vivid imagery about the reward may be enough to trigger limbic brain activations of incentive salience in people that would require cues in animals.
“Humans don’t necessarily require physical reward cues – vivid imagery about the reward may be enough to trigger limbic brain activations of incentive salience in people that would require cues in animals (May et al., 2004; Kochel et al., 2011; Jauregui-Lobera et al., 2012; Miyapuram et al., 2012).”
From Evolving Concepts of Emotion and Motivation (2018) · cites this paper as May et al., 2004

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Authors: May, J., Andrade, J., Panabokke, N., & Kavanagh, D.
Affiliations: University of Sheffield (GB)
The University of Queensland (AU)
ORCID: May, Jon
Andrade, Jackie
Kavanagh, David
Venue: Memory
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2004-07
Volume: 12
Issue: 4
Pages: 447-461
ISSN: 0965-8211 (ISSN-L)
1464-0686
DOI: 10.1080/09658210444000061
OpenAlex: W2050556494
Cited by: 222
References: 11
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 5.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Memory (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords: craving, substance dependence, mental imagery, intrusive thoughts, cognitive architecture
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Beverages, Cognition, Cues, Emotions, Female, Food, Humans, Imagination, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Smoking, Substance-Related Disorders

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Images of desire: cognitive models of craving.

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