Reducing the vividness and emotional impact of distressing autobiographical memories: The importance of modality-specific interference

Kemps, Eva; Tiggemann, Marika

doi:10.1080/09658210701262017

Cited by 117Memory Processes and InfluencesPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchIdentity, Memory, and Therapy

Reducing the vividness and emotional impact of distressing autobiographical memories: The importance of modality-specific interference

Kemps, Eva, Tiggemann, Marika·2007·Memory

DOI 10.1080/09658210701262017

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Abstract

Experimental analogues of post-traumatic stress disorder suggest that loading the visuospatial sketchpad of working memory with a concurrent task reduces the vividness and associated distress of predominantly visual images. The present experiments explicitly tested the hypothesis that interfering with the phonological loop could analogously reduce the vividness and emotional impact of auditory images. In Experiment 1, 30 undergraduates formed non-specific images of emotive autobiographical memories while performing a concurrent task designed to load either the visuospatial sketchpad (eye movements) or phonological loop (articulatory suppression). Participants reported their images to be primarily visual, corresponding to the greater dual-task disruption observed for eye movements. Experiment 2 instructed participants to form specifically visual or auditory images. As predicted, concurrent articulation reduced vividness and emotional intensity ratings of auditory images to a greater extent than did eye movements, whereas concurrent eye movements reduced ratings of visual images much more than did articulatory suppression. Such modality-specific dual-task interference could usefully contribute to the treatment and management of intrusive distressing images in both clinical and non-clinical settings.

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The opposite effect was obtained with auditory images of autobiographical events.
“The opposite effect was obtained with auditory images of autobiographical events.”
From Episodic memory, perceptual memory, and their interaction: Foundations for a theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. (2014) · cites this paper as Kemps & Tiggemann, 2007
The emotionality and vividness of visual images corresponding to autobiographical events were selectively reduced by side-to-side eye movements, a task involving both visual and spatial interference, relative to a verbal (articulatory suppression) task.
“The emotionality and vividness of visual images corresponding to autobiographical events were selectively reduced by side-to-side eye movements, a task involving both visual and spatial interference, relative to a verbal (articulatory suppression) task (Kemps & Tiggemann, 2007).”
From Episodic memory, perceptual memory, and their interaction: Foundations for a theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. (2014) · cites this paper as Kemps & Tiggemann, 2007

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Authors: Kemps, E., & Tiggemann, M.
Affiliations: Flinders University (AU)
Corresponding author: Kemps, Eva
ORCID: Kemps, Eva
Tiggemann, Marika
Venue: Memory
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2007-05
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Pages: 412-422
ISSN: 0965-8211 (ISSN-L)
1464-0686
DOI: 10.1080/09658210701262017
OpenAlex: W2090444075
Cited by: 117
References: 32
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 3.34
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Memory (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Flinders Academic Commons (Flinders University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
Keywords: autobiographical memory, memory vividness, emotional impact, visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, working memory, eye movements, articulatory suppression, dual-task interference, auditory imagery, visual imagery, post-traumatic stress disorder, emotion regulation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Auditory Perception, Autobiographies as Topic, Emotions, Female, Humans, Imagination, Male, Memory, Models, Psychological, Pain, Visual Perception

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Reducing the vividness and emotional impact of distressing autobiographical memories: The importance of modality-specific interference

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