The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Treatment Sequencing for Childhood ADHD: A Multiple-Randomization Study of Adaptive Medication and Behavioral Interventions
Open accessAbstract
Behavioral and pharmacological treatments for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were evaluated to address whether endpoint outcomes are better depending on which treatment is initiated first and, in case of insufficient response to initial treatment, whether increasing dose of initial treatment or adding the other treatment modality is superior. Children with ADHD (ages 5-12, N = 146, 76% male) were treated for 1 school year. Children were randomized to initiate treatment with low doses of either (a) behavioral parent training (8 group sessions) and brief teacher consultation to establish a Daily Report Card or (b) extended-release methylphenidate (equivalent to .15 mg/kg/dose bid). After 8 weeks or at later monthly intervals as necessary, insufficient responders were rerandomized to secondary interventions that either increased the dose/intensity of the initial treatment or added the other treatment modality, with adaptive adjustments monthly as needed to these secondary treatments. The group beginning with behavioral treatment displayed significantly lower rates of observed classroom rule violations (the primary outcome) at study endpoint and tended to have fewer out-of-class disciplinary events. Further, adding medication secondary to initial behavior modification resulted in better outcomes on the primary outcomes and parent/teacher ratings of oppositional behavior than adding behavior modification to initial medication. Normalization rates on teacher and parent ratings were generally high. Parents who began treatment with behavioral parent training had substantially better attendance than those assigned to receive training following medication. Beginning treatment with behavioral intervention produced better outcomes overall than beginning treatment with medication.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, this dosage was sufficient to produce large effects on academic seatwork productivity and classroom behavior and detectable effects on test scores and has been similarly efficacious in numerous prior studies (Fabiano et al., 2007; Pelham Jr. et al., 2016; Pelham, Burrows-MacLean, et al., 2005; Pelham et al., 2001).”
From The effect of stimulant medication on the learning of academic curricula in children with ADHD: A randomized crossover study. (2022) · cites this paper as Pelham Jr. et al., 2016
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
R Core Team (2000) · doi:10.32614/r.manuals · Cited by 355,893
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).
Lachenbruch, P. A., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290095 · Cited by 37,421
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed.
Carter, M. J. (2014) · Therapeutic Recreation Journal · Cited by 15,154
mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R
Buuren, S. V., & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K. (2011) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v045.i03 · Cited by 13,870
Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice
White, I. R., Royston, P., & Wood, A. M. (2011) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.4067 · Cited by 9,792
Journal of Statistical Software
de Leeuw, J. (2009) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Computational Statistics · doi:10.1002/wics.10 · Cited by 3,651
(1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.12.1073 · Cited by 3,372
A comparison of inclusive and restrictive strategies in modern missing data procedures.
Collins, L. M., Schafer, J. L., & Kam, C.-M. (2001) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.6.4.330 · Cited by 2,389
Subcommittee on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, S. C. O. Q. I. A. M. (2011) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2654 · Cited by 2,185
Pliszka, S. (2007) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318054e724 · Cited by 1,765
Teacher Ratings of DSM-III-R Symptoms for the Disruptive Behavior Disorders
Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E. M., Greenslade, K. E., & Milich, R. S. (1992) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199203000-00006 · Cited by 1,315
Self-citationVisser, S. N., Danielson, M. L., Bitsko, R. H., Holbrook, J. R., Kogan, M. D., Ghandour, R. M., Perou, R., & Blumberg, S. J. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.09.001 · Cited by 1,263
Molina, B. S. G., Hinshaw, S. P., Swanson, J. M., Arnold, L. E., Vitiello, B., Jensen, P. S., Epstein, J. N., Hoza, B., Hechtman, L., Abikoff, H. B., et al. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819c23d0 · Cited by 1,182
The analysis of count data: a gentle introduction to poisson regression and its alternatives.
Coxe, S., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2009) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223890802634175 · Cited by 1,172
Self-citationSWANSON, J. M., KRAEMER, H. C., HINSHAW, S. P., ARNOLD, L. E., CONNERS, C. K., ABIKOFF, H. B., CLEVENGER, W., DAVIES, M., ELLIOTT, G. R., GREENHILL, L. L., et al. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200102000-00011 · Cited by 1,157
Self-citationEvidence‐Based Psychotherapies for Children and Adolescents
Woolgar, M. (2011) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/j.1475-3588.2011.00617_11.x · Cited by 1,094
Barrish, H. H., Saunders, M. D., & Wolf, M. M. (1969) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1969.2-119 · Cited by 928
Greenhill, L. L., Pliszka, S., & Dulcan, M. K. (2002) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200202001-00003 · Cited by 927
Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Pelham, W. E., & Fabiano, G. A. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374410701818681 · Cited by 917
Self-citationEvidence-Based Assessment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Pelham, Jr., Fabiano, G. A., & Massetti, G. M. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3403_5 · Cited by 803
Self-citationAn experimental design for the development of adaptive treatment strategies
Murphy, S. A. (2005) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2022 · Cited by 746
Self-citationEvans, S. W., Owens, J. S., & Bunford, N. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2013.850700 · Cited by 728
Fabiano, G. A., Pelham, W. E., Waschbusch, D. A., Gnagy, E. M., Lahey, B. B., Chronis, A. M., Onyango, A. N., Kipp, H., Lopez-Williams, A., & Burrows-MacLean, L. D. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3503_3 · Cited by 689
Self-citation(1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.12.1088 · Cited by 652
A Conceptual Framework for Adaptive Preventive Interventions
Collins, L. M., Murphy, S. A., & Bierman, K. L. (2004) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1023/b:prev.0000037641.26017.00 · Cited by 608
Self-citationMTA Cooperative Group (2004) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.113.4.754 · Cited by 589
A meta-analysis of behavioral treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Fabiano, G. A., Pelham, W. E., Coles, E. K., Gnagy, E. M., Chronis-Tuscano, A., & O'Connor, B. C. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.11.001 · Cited by 588
Self-citationInitial impact of the fast track prevention trial for conduct problems: I. The high-risk sample.
Bierman, K. L., Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., Greenberg, M. T., Lochman, J. E., McMahon, R. J., & Pinderhughes, E. E. (1999) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.67.5.631 · Cited by 587
Barkley, R. A., McMurray, M. B., EDELBROCK, C. S., & Robbins, K. (1990) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.86.2.184 · Cited by 481
Barkley, R. A., McMurray, M. B., EDELBROCK, C. S., & Robbins, K. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 433
Jensen, P. N., Arnold, L. E., Richters, J., Severe, J. B., Vereen, D. R., Vitiello, B., Schiller, E., Hinshaw, S. P., Elliott, G. R., Conners, C., et al. (1999) · Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) · Cited by 432
Self-citationInitial impact of the fast track prevention trial for conduct problems: II. Classroom effects.
(1999) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.67.5.648 · Cited by 411
Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry
(1968) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.44.517.880-c · Cited by 323
Barkley, R. A., Shelton, T. L., Crosswait, C., Moorehouse, M., Fletcher, K. E., Barrett, S., Jenkins, L., & Metevia, L. (2000) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00616 · Cited by 317
Experimental design and primary data analysis methods for comparing adaptive interventions.
Nahum-Shani, I., Qian, M., Almirall, D., Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, B., Fabiano, G. A., Waxmonsky, J. G., Yu, J., & Murphy, S. A. (2012) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/a0029372 · Cited by 298
Self-citationMedication treatment strategies in the MTA Study: relevance to clinicians and researchers
GREENHILL, L. L., ABIKOFF, H. B., ARNOLD, L. E., CANTWELL, D. P., CONNERS, C. K., ELLIOTT, G., HECHTMAN, L., HINSHAW, S. P., HOZA, B., JENSEN, P. S., et al. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199610000-00017 · Cited by 297
Self-citationWhich treatment for whom for ADHD? Moderators of treatment response in the MTA.
Owens, E. B., Hinshaw, S. P., KRAEMER, H. C., Arnold, L. E., Abikoff, H., Cantwell, D. P., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G. R., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L. T., et al. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.3.540 · Cited by 285
Self-citationStimulant-Related Reductions of Growth Rates in the PATS
SWANSON, J., GREENHILL, L., WIGAL, T., KOLLINS, S., STEHLI, A., DAVIES, M., CHUANG, S., VITIELLO, B., SKROBALA, A., POSNER, K., et al. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000235075.25038.5a · Cited by 264
Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E. M., Greiner, A. R., Hoza, B., Hinshaw, S. P., Swanson, J. M., Simpson, S., Shapiro, C. J., Bukstein, O. G., Baron-Myak, C., et al. (2000) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1005127030251 · Cited by 237
Self-citationStein, M. A., Sarampote, C. S., Waldman, I. D., Robb, A. S., Conlon, C. J., Pearl, P. L., Black, D. O., Seymour, K. E., & Newcorn, J. H. (2003) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.112.5.e404 · Cited by 232
A Design for Testing Clinical Strategies: Biased Adaptive Within-Subject Randomization
Lavori, P. W., & Dawson, R. (2000) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society) · doi:10.1111/1467-985x.00154 · Cited by 228
Fabiano, G. A., Vujnovic, R. K., Pelham, W. E., Waschbusch, D. A., Massetti, G. M., Pariseau, M. E., Naylor, J., Yu, J., Robins, M., Carnefix, T., et al. (2010) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/02796015.2010.12087775 · Cited by 204
Self-citationPelham, W. E., Aronoff, H. R., Midlam, J. K., Shapiro, C. J., Gnagy, E. M., Chronis, A. M., Onyango, A. N., Forehand, G. L., Nguyen, A. H., & Waxmonsky, J. G. (1999) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.103.4.e43 · Cited by 198
Self-citationVITIELLO, B., SEVERE, J. B., GREENHILL, L. L., ARNOLD, L. E., ABIKOFF, H. B., BUKSTEIN, O. G., ELLIOTT, G. R., HECHTMAN, L., JENSEN, P. S., HINSHAW, S. P., et al. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200102000-00013 · Cited by 163
Jensen, P. S., Garcia, J. A., Glied, S., Crowe, M., Foster, M., Schlander, M., Hinshaw, S. P., Vitiello, B., Arnold, L. E., Elliott, G. R., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.9.1628 · Cited by 161
Self-citationFabiano, G. A., Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E. M., Burrows-MacLean, L., Coles, E. K., Chacko, A., Wymbs, B. T., Walker, K. S., Arnold, F., Garefino, A., et al. (2007) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/02796015.2007.12087940 · Cited by 158
Self-citationTransdermal Methylphenidate, Behavioral, and Combined Treatment for Children With ADHD.
Pelham, W. E., Burrows-MacLean, L., Gnagy, E. M., Fabiano, G. A., Coles, E. K., Tresco, K. E., Chacko, A., Wymbs, B. T., Wienke, A. L., Walker, K. S., et al. (2005) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.13.2.111 · Cited by 150
Self-citationSecondary Evaluations of MTA 36-Month Outcomes: Propensity Score and Growth Mixture Model Analyses
Swanson, J. M., Hinshaw, S. P., Arnold, L. E., Gibbons, R. D., Marcus, S. M., Hur, K., Jensen, P. S., Vitiello, B., Abikoff, H., Greenhill, L. L., et al. (2007) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e3180686d63 · Cited by 145
Self-citationForty years of methylphenidate treatment in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Conners, C. K. (2002) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/070674370200601s04 · Cited by 135
Pelham, W. E. (1999) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674379904401004 · Cited by 129
Self-citationVariability in ADHD Care in Community-Based Pediatrics
Epstein, J. N., Kelleher, K. J., Baum, R., Brinkman, W. B., Peugh, J., Gardner, W. P., Lichtenstein, P., & Langberg, J. M. (2014) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2014-1500 · Cited by 124
Fabiano, G. A., Schatz, N. K., Aloe, A. M., Chacko, A., & Chronis-Tuscano, A. M. (2015) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-015-0178-6 · Cited by 122
Self-citationDaily behavior report cards: An evidence-based system of assessment and intervention.
Volpe, R. J., & Fabiano, G. A. (2013) · Cited by 92
Self-citationPelham, W. E., Burrows-MacLean, L. D., Gnagy, E. M., Fabiano, G. A., Coles, E. K., Wymbs, B. T., Chacko, A., Walker, K. S., Wymbs, F. A., Garefino, A. C., et al. (2014) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9843-8 · Cited by 85
Self-citationPage, T. F., Pelham, W. E., Fabiano, G. A., Greiner, A. R., Gnagy, E. M., Hart, K. C., Coxe, S. J., Waxmonsky, J. G., Foster, E. M., & Pelham, W. E. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2015.1055859 · Cited by 85
Self-citationAcceptability of Second-Step Treatments to Depressed Outpatients: A STAR*D Report
Wisniewski, S. R., D, M. F. M., Trivedi, M. H., Thase, M. E., Warden, D., Niederehe, G., Friedman, E. S., Biggs, M. M., Sackeïm, H. A., Shores‐Wilson, K., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.5.753 · Cited by 79
Homework success for children with ADHD: A family‐school intervention program
Theodore, L. A., Kehle, T. J., & Bray, M. A. (2004) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.10155 · Cited by 62
A multiple imputation strategy for sequential multiple assignment randomized trials
Shortreed, S. M., Laber, E., Scott Stroup, T., Pineau, J., & Murphy, S. A. (2014) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.6223 · Cited by 61
Self-citationGreenhill, L. L., Pliszka, S. R., Dulcan, M. K., Bernet, W., Arnold, V. K., Beitchman, J. H., Benson, R. S., Bukstein, O., Kinlan, J., McClellan, J., et al. (2004) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/foc.2.4.642 · Cited by 36
Fabiano, G. A., Vujnovic, R. K., Naylor, J. A., Pariseau, M. E., & Robins, M. (2009) · Assessment for Effective Intervention · doi:10.1177/1534508409333344 · Cited by 33
Self-citationA Practical Guide to Implementing School-Based Interventions for Adolescents with ADHD
Schultz, B. K., & Evans, S. W. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2677-0 · Cited by 20
Vujnovic, R. K., Fabiano, G. A., Waschbusch, D. A., Pelham, W. E., Greiner, A. R., Gera, S., Linke, S., Gormley, M. J., & Buck, M. (2014) · Education and Treatment of Children · doi:10.1353/etc.2014.0020 · Cited by 17
Self-citationAPA Working Group on Psychoactive Medications for Children and Adolescents (2006) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e539722009-001 · Cited by 14
The influence of student characteristics on the dependability of behavioral observation data.
Briesch, A. M., Volpe, R. J., & Ferguson, T. D. (2013) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/spq0000042 · Cited by 14
countimp 1.0 - A multiple imputation package for incomplete count data (technical report)
Kleinke, K., & Reinecke, J. (2013) · PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University) · Cited by 9
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- 10.1111/jcpp.2000.41.issue-3 · DOI
- Cunningham C. E., 1998, The community parent education (COPE) program: A school-based family systems oriented course for parents of children with disruptive behavior disorders
- Gresham F. M., 1989, Social skills rating system: Parent, teacher, and child forms
- Pelham W. E., 2015, Behavioral, pharmacological, and combined treatment for ADHD: A dose-ranging, between groups analysis
- 10.1002/sim.v30.4 · DOI
- 10.1176/appi.ajp.164.5.753 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Evans, S. W., Owens, J. S., Wymbs, B. T., & Ray, A. R. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2017.1390757 · Cited by 477
A Review of Heterogeneity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Luo, Y., Weibman, D., Halperin, J. M., & Li, X. (2019) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00042 · Cited by 394
“Besides medications, behavior-based treatments, including education and/or behavior therapy, and social skills training have also been implemented in practice for ADHD interventions (Pelham et al., 2016; DuPaul et al., 2017; Anastopoulos et al., 2018; Chacko et al., 2018).”
MethodEvidence-based pharmacological treatment options for ADHD in children and adolescents
Mechler, K., Banaschewski, T., Hohmann, S., & Häge, A. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107940 · Cited by 293
Swanson, J. M., Arnold, L. E., Molina, B. S. G., Sibley, M. H., Hechtman, L. T., Hinshaw, S. P., Abikoff, H., Stehli, A., Owens, E. B., Mitchell, J. T., et al. (2017) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12684 · Cited by 297
Self-citationTreatment strategies for ADHD: an evidence-based guide to select optimal treatment
Caye, A., Swanson, J. M., Coghill, D., & Rohde, L. A. (2019) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0116-3 · Cited by 303
Metadata
- Authors
- Pelham, W. E., Fabiano, G. A., Waxmonsky, J. G., Greiner, A. R., Gnagy, E. M., Pelham, W. E., Coxe, S., Verley, J., Bhatia, I., Hart, K., Karch, K., Konijnendijk, E., Tresco, K., Nahum-Shani, I., & Murphy, S. A.
- Affiliations
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Florida International University (US)
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-02-16
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 396-415
- ISSN
- 1537-4416 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-4424
- PMC
- PMC4930381
- OpenAlex
- W2276801646
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 26.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH069614, MH069434, MH092466, MH53554, MH065899, MH62988)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA11873)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA12414, DA12986)
- Institute of Education Sciences (R324B060045, R324J060024, LO30000665A)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, treatment sequencing, behavioral parent training, extended-release methylphenidate, treatment response, student discipline, oppositional behavior, medication adherence, children
- MeSH terms
- School Teachers, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Behavior Therapy, Child, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Parents, Referral and Consultation, Cohort Studies, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
