Neuropilin 1 is expressed on thymus-derived natural regulatory T cells, but not mucosa-generated induced Foxp3+ T reg cells
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Foxp3 activity is essential for the normal function of the immune system. Two types of regulatory T (T reg) cells express Foxp3, thymus-generated natural T reg (nT reg) cells, and peripherally generated adaptive T reg (iT reg) cells. These cell types have complementary functions. Until now, it has not been possible to distinguish iT reg from nT reg cells in vivo based solely on surface markers. We report here that Neuropilin 1 (Nrp1) is expressed at high levels by most nT reg cells; in contrast, mucosa-generated iT reg and other noninflammatory iT reg cells express low levels of Nrp1. We found that Nrp1 expression is under the control of TGF-β. By tracing nT reg and iT reg cells, we could establish that some tumors have a very large proportion of infiltrating iT reg cells. iT reg cells obtained from highly inflammatory environments, such as the spinal cords of mice with spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and the lungs of mice with chronic asthma, express Nrp1. In the same animals, iT reg cells in secondary lymphoid organs remain Nrp1low. We also determined that, in spontaneous EAE, iT reg cells help to establish a chronic phase of the disease.
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Helios, Nrp-1 or ROR-γt are widely accepted for the discrimination of tTreg and pTreg cells under homeostatic conditions.
“Yet, Helios, Nrp-1 or ROR-γt are widely accepted for the discrimination of tTreg and pTreg cells under homeostatic conditions [364-366, 437-440].”
From Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition) (2021) · cites this paper as [365]
The Results sections report that Nrp1 distinguishes thymus-derived from induced Treg cells in the studied mice and that Helios expression correlates closely, though not perfectly, with Nrp1. The intestinal lamina propria Results mention RORγt+Foxp3+ cells and suggest local induction, but do not establish RORγt as a discriminator of tTreg and pTreg cells or say that all three markers are widely accepted for that purpose under homeostatic conditions. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn mice, high expression of Helios and low expression of Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) has been proposed to discriminate between thymus Treg and peripherally-induced Tregs.
“In mice, high expression of Helios and low expression of Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) has been proposed to discriminate between thymus Treg and peripherally-induced Tregs [364, 365]”
From Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition) (2021) · cites this paper as [365]
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- Authors
- Weiss, J. M., Bilate, A. M., Gobert, M., Ding, Y., Curotto de Lafaille, M. A., Parkhurst, C. N., Xiong, H., Dolpady, J., Frey, A. B., Ruocco, M. G., Yang, Y., Floess, S., Huehn, J., Oh, S., Li, M. O., Niec, R. E., Rudensky, A. Y., Dustin, M. L., Littman, D. R., & Lafaille, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (DE)
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lafaille, Juan J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2012-09-10
- Volume
- 209
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1723-1742
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- PMC
- PMC3457733
- OpenAlex
- W2147638016
- Cited by
- 621
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 27.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HZI (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
- Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation
- York University
- Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB621)
- National Institutes of Health (5 P30CA16087-31)
- School of Medicine, New York University
- National Cancer Institute (5 P30CA16087-31, P30CA016087)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007739)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R37AI034206)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Keywords
- neuropilin-1, regulatory T cells, natural regulatory T cells, induced regulatory T cells, Foxp3, TGF-beta, mucosal immunity, autoimmune encephalomyelitis, asthma, tumor-infiltrating T cells, cell surface markers, secondary lymphoid organs
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Membrane, Gene Expression Regulation, Inflammation, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Lymphocyte Activation, Mice, Transgenic, Mucous Membrane, Thymus Gland, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, Cell Lineage, Neuropilin-1, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Metagenome
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