Influence of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on the endogenous activities of plasma lipases
Open accessAbstract
The aim of these studies was to explore the possibility that enhanced triacylglycerol clearance may contribute to the hypotriacylglycerolemic effect of n-3 fatty acids in humans. Healthy subjects (n = 20) and hypertriacylglycerolemic patients (n = 6) were given a placebo (olive oil, OO) or a fish-oil concentrate (FOC; 41% eicosapentaenoic acid and 23% docosahexaenoic acid) in two, independent, randomized, blind trials. For the healthy subjects, the FOC treatment period was 3 wk long and FOC intakes were 5 g/d. For the patients, treatment periods were 4 wk long and dosages were 5 g.70 kg body wt-1.d-1. Washout periods were 2-4 wk for both groups. Blood samples were drawn at the end of each phase and analyzed for plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and endogenous (nonheparin-stimulated) activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL). In the healthy subjects the FOC decreased plasma triacylglycerol concentrations by 18% (P < 0.01), whereas in the patients concentrations were reduced by 35% (P < 0.05). Low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations increased by 25% in the latter group (P = 0.06). FOC increased the endogenous activities of LPL and HL by 62% and 68%, respectively (P < 0.0001), in the healthy subjects, but only LPL in the patients (65%, P < 0.005). These data suggest that endogenous lipase activities may be altered by nutritional interventions, and further, that accelerated lipolysis could contribute, at least in part, to the observed effects of n-3 fatty acids on human lipoprotein metabolism.
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Hepatic lipase activity is typically unchanged in controlled studies investigating the effects of OM3FAs on patients with dyslipidemia.
“Hepatic lipase activity is typically unchanged in controlled studies investigating the effects of OM3FAs on patients with dyslipidemia [38, 43, 52].”
Comparing pre-heparin and post-heparin LPL activity showed consistently increased pre-heparin activity, while post-heparin activity was unchanged by OM3FA treatment in most studies but not all.
“Comparing pre-heparin and post-heparin LPL activity showed consistently increased pre-heparin activity, while post-heparin activity was unchanged by OM3FA treatment in most studies [38, 39, 43] but not all [41].”
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- Authors
- Harris, W., Lu, G., Rambjør, G., Wõlen, A., Ontko, J., Cheng, Q., & Windsor, S.
- Affiliations
- Saint Luke's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Harris, WS
- ORCID
- Cheng, Q
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-08
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 254-260
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2171286708
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 6.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29hl040832-05)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R29 HL40832)
- National Marine Fisheries Service
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, plasma lipase, hypertriglyceridemia, LDL cholesterol, lipolysis, lipoprotein metabolism, olive oil
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Lipase, Lipolysis, Lipoprotein Lipase, Liver, Placebos, Triglycerides, Fatty Acids, Omega-3
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