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Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies
Open accessAbstract
Polyphenols are abundant micronutrients in our diet, and evidence for their role in the prevention of degenerative diseases is emerging. Bioavailability differs greatly from one polyphenol to another, so that the most abundant polyphenols in our diet are not necessarily those leading to the highest concentrations of active metabolites in target tissues. Mean values for the maximal plasma concentration, the time to reach the maximal plasma concentration, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve, the elimination half-life, and the relative urinary excretion were calculated for 18 major polyphenols. We used data from 97 studies that investigated the kinetics and extent of polyphenol absorption among adults, after ingestion of a single dose of polyphenol provided as pure compound, plant extract, or whole food/beverage. The metabolites present in blood, resulting from digestive and hepatic activity, usually differ from the native compounds. The nature of the known metabolites is described when data are available. The plasma concentrations of total metabolites ranged from 0 to 4 mumol/L with an intake of 50 mg aglycone equivalents, and the relative urinary excretion ranged from 0.3% to 43% of the ingested dose, depending on the polyphenol. Gallic acid and isoflavones are the most well-absorbed polyphenols, followed by catechins, flavanones, and quercetin glucosides, but with different kinetics. The least well-absorbed polyphenols are the proanthocyanidins, the galloylated tea catechins, and the anthocyanins. Data are still too limited for assessment of hydroxycinnamic acids and other polyphenols. These data may be useful for the design and interpretation of intervention studies investigating the health effects of polyphenols.
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“Some of the biomarkers listed in Table 1 have half-lives that do not exceed 24 h [polyphenols, alkylresorcinols, and amino acids (34,35)].”
From The food metabolome: a window over dietary exposure (2014) · cites this paper as [34]
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“Among important food components converted by gut bacteria, polyphenols have drawn much attention because of their possible beneficial health effects (Manach et al., 2005).”
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Epigallocatechin Gallate-Loaded Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention
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“In contrast, procyanidins (dimers and trimers) and large proanthocyanidins appear to be 10–100-fold less absorbed [23,31].”
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“Health effects derived from cocoa flavonoids depend on their bioavailability (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination), a factor which is also influenced by their chemical structure (Manach et al., 2005).”
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ResultVogiatzoglou, A., Mulligan, A. A., Luben, R., Lentjes, M. A. H., Heiß, C., Kelm, M., Merx, M. W., Spencer, J. P. E., Schroeter, H., & Kuhnle, G. (2013) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114513003930 · Cited by 122
“An additional limitation is the data available on food composition: these data are often based on a fairly small number of analysis reports and thus the paucity of standardised and fully validated analytical methods((6,35)) introduces additional variability.”
BackgroundMutual Interactions among Exercise, Sport Supplements and Microbiota
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BackgroundGrape-seed procyanidins modulate inflammation on human differentiated adipocytes in vitro
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“Anthocyanins, the glycosides of anthocyanidins, are typically consumed by humans in brightly colored berries, grapes, fruits, and colored vegetables (54), and their consumption has been consistently shown to improve cognitive function in animal models of aging and neuropathology (55).”
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“The antioxidant properties and related health effects differ among these subclasses((5,6)).”
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“Only aglycones and some glucosides can be absorbed in the small intestine.[40] While studies regarding the bioavailability of polyphenols require in vivo experiments, in vitro methods are also useful to determine their stability under GI conditions.”
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“However, analyses of the bioavailability of polyphenols in humans reveal that GA performs better than other polyphenols (27).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Manach, C., Williamson, G., Morand, C., Scalbert, A., & Rémésy, C.
- Affiliations
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Manach, Claudine
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 230S-242S
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2119331100
- Cited by
- 4,219
- References
- 162
- Citations by year
- 2026: 201 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 170 · 2023: 170 · 2022: 189 · 2021: 215 · 2020: 241 · 2019: 216 · 2018: 224 · 2017: 242 · 2016: 235 · 2015: 211 · 2014: 246 · 2013: 257 · 2012: 266
- FWCI
- 78.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits
- Keywords
- polyphenols, bioavailability, bioefficacy, plasma concentration, urinary excretion, polyphenol metabolism, absorption kinetics, gallic acid, isoflavones, catechins, flavanones, quercetin glucosides, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids, degenerative disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anthocyanins, Biological Availability, Female, Flavonoids, Food Analysis, Half-Life, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Isoflavones, Male, Phenols, Area Under Curve, Polyphenols
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