Cited by 3,658Phytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesNutritional Studies and DietPomegranate: compositions and health benefits

Dietary Intake and Bioavailability of Polyphenols

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Scalbert, Augustin, Williamson, Gary·2000·The Journal of Nutrition

Abstract

The main dietary sources of polyphenols are reviewed, and the daily intake is calculated for a given diet containing some common fruits, vegetables and beverages. Phenolic acids account for about one third of the total intake and flavonoids account for the remaining two thirds. The most abundant flavonoids in the diet are flavanols (catechins plus proanthocyanidins), anthocyanins and their oxidation products. The main polyphenol dietary sources are fruit and beverages (fruit juice, wine, tea, coffee, chocolate and beer) and, to a lesser extent vegetables, dry legumes and cereals. The total intake is approximately 1 g/d. Large uncertainties remain due to the lack of comprehensive data on the content of some of the main polyphenol classes in food. Bioavailability studies in humans are discussed. The maximum concentration in plasma rarely exceeds 1 microM after the consumption of 10-100 mg of a single phenolic compound. However, the total plasma phenol concentration is probably higher due to the presence of metabolites formed in the body's tissues or by the colonic microflora. These metabolites are still largely unknown and not accounted for. Both chemical and biochemical factors that affect the absorption and metabolism of polyphenols are reviewed, with particular emphasis on flavonoid glycosides. A better understanding of these factors is essential to explain the large variations in bioavailability observed among polyphenols and among individuals.

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Crossref · 10.1093/jn/130.8.2073s

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Authors
Scalbert, A., & Williamson, G.
Affiliations
  • Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR)
  • Norwich Research Park (GB)
Venue
The Journal of Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2000-08
Volume
130
Issue
8
Pages
2073S-2085S
ISSN
0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2105234557
Cited by
3,658
References
135
Citations by year
2026: 68 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 116 · 2023: 109 · 2022: 121 · 2021: 179 · 2020: 156 · 2019: 172 · 2018: 172 · 2017: 171 · 2016: 168 · 2015: 180 · 2014: 208 · 2013: 225 · 2012: 230
FWCI
8.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits
Keywords
dietary polyphenols, polyphenol bioavailability, dietary intake, phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavan-3-ols, catechins, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonoid glycosides, polyphenol metabolism, colonic microbiota, beverages, fruits and vegetables
MeSH terms
Animals, Biological Availability, Diet, Flavonoids, Food Analysis, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Phenols, Polymers

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